Renal Three Types Of Renal Glycosuria

Diabetes is a metabolic disease where a person has high blood glucose due to either the body's cells do not properly respond to insulin, the insulin production is not adequate, or even at times both. People who have this will often have polyuria which is urinating frequently, as well as be more hungry and thirsty. There are three different types of diabetes. There is Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Gestational Diabetes.

The body tends to deal with this imbalance by filtering out excess glucose throughout the kidneys, resulting in high levels of sugar in the urine. As glucose level rises the kidneys over-whelmed and don’t function normally. They lose their ability to absorb much water the result is frequent urination. This is commonly the earliest sign of diabetes. It is often followed by unquenchable thirst as the body tries to regain the lost fluids. It often seems that more fluid comes out than went in.

There are four different types of diabetes, they are all related with regards to low insulin and high blood sugar, but they are also all very different. The different types of diabetes include; Pre diabetes, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and Gestational diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2013).Pre diabetes occurs when the blood glucose levels are elevated, but not quite high enough to have a diabetes diagnosis (American Diabetes Association, 2013). When someone is at the pre diabetes stage it is important for them to change their eating and exercise habits in order to prevent their blood glucose levels for elevating and eventually becoming diabetes.

Polydipsia: increased fluid intake. It is due to high blood glucose that raises the osmolality of blood and makes it more concentrated. With frequent urination, increase water intake becomes necessary. Severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance can occur. Diabetes may cause blood glucose levels to rise which can lead to increased glucose levels that cause one’s body to pull fluid from cells into the bloodstream and deliver the increased load to the kidneys. This can cause one’s kidneys to over work and produce more urine than normal.

There are four different types of diabetes: Prediabetes, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Gestational diabetes. Prediabetes is when your blood sugar is high, but not high enough to be Type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is when the pancreas is not producing enough or no insulin. Type 2 diabetes is when the body resists insulin and affects the way the body processes glucose. Gestational diabetes is when pregnant women get high blood sugar.

Glucose is found in the urine of people with diabetes ,because a person with diabetes either can’t produce enough insulin or they can’t properly use the insulin they produce to remove glucose from the blood stream. The glucose gets pushed through the kidneys’ filtration system and exits through

Diabetes mellitus is a disorder characterized by abnormalities in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. The most common feature seen in diabetes is increased blood glucose levels. The main reason for this is either a decreased/ absent insulin production or resistance of the body to the action of insulin or both.

Polyuria: ‘significant urination output’ Happens with diabetics because raised BGLs it produces an osmotic diuresis ‘the increasing urination caused by foreign substances or particular substances in the tubes of the kidneys. This elimination happens when glucose come in to the tubules and can’t be reabsorbed’ thus leading to allot of fluid lost in the urine and night urination known as nocturia which leads to fatigue.

According to National Kidney Foundation (2010), the majority of people with diabetes tend to develop kidney disease. This is probably the result of poor or improper dietary and life-style practices, although genetics seem to be a factor. This makes it the single leading cause of kidney failure. High blood pressure/Hypertension is another pre-disposing factor of kidney failure. This disease is also aggravated by improper dietary and life-style practices. High blood pressure/Hypertension speeds up the loss of kidney function and eventually leads to kidney failure. It also appears to have genetic and familial factors (National Kidney Foundation, 2010).

Secretion is when ions pass from the capillaries into the renal tubule, this becomes urine. The urine passes through the ureters, and drain into the bladder. The bladder is where urine is collected and stored until an urge to release it. When emptying the bladder sphincter open and urine flows, which travels down the urethra that passes outside the body. Glucose should not be filtered out of the body by the kidneys; therefore, if glucose is found in the urine it is a symptom that the cells aren’t utilizing the glucose affectively. The high amount of glucose in the urine provide an increase production of bacterial and fungal growth. Urinary tract infections and yeast infections are two of the most common bacterial and fungal infections that can be cause by type II diabetes. The increase urinary tract infections can also be due to having a dysfunctional bladder that contract poorly. The poor contraction allows for urine to remain in static pools for long periods of time. This provides luxurious ponds for bacteria to grow in. Bladder problems are another problem for diabetic. An overactive bladder is common this is caused by damaged nerves that send signals to the bladder at the wrong time, this causes the muscles to contract without

Diabetes insipidus is a condition in which the body cannot retain enough water. The patient is excessively thirsty and excretes large amounts of extremely diluted urine. It causes intense thirst and excretion of large amounts of urine. A reduction in fluid intake does not reduce amounts and consistency of urine excretion. It is a rare condition, affecting approximately 1 in every 25,000 people.  Diabetes insipidus occurs because the body does not properly produce, store or release antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and kidneys do not respond properly to ADH.

Other common symptoms can include glucosuria which happens when glucose is seen in the urine despite what the blood sugar may be. When there is too much glucose in the body the renal system cannot remove all the sugar.

CAUSES OF ALBUMINURIA High blood pressure, Congestive heart failure  Metabolic syndrome, or kidney damage from nephrotic syndrome ALBUMINURIA is seen in all forms of acute and chronic renal diseases GLUCOSE Glucose is found in the blood and is the main sugar that the body manufactures Glucosuria- The presence of glucose or blood sugar in urine is. It may indicate that the person has diabetes. Diabetes Mellitus -  condition in which the pancreas no longer produces  enough insulin or cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced, so that glucose in the blood cannot be absorbed int o  the cells of the body. SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES MELLITUS  frequent urination increased thirst  increased hunger The treatment includes changes in diet, oral  medications, and in some cases, daily injecti ons of  insulin.

One of the diseases is diabetes mellitus which is a major cause of renal failure. This disease can be defined as an increase of fasting blood glucose that is affected by a deficiency in insulin hormone. The normal range for glucose (fasting) in the blood is 2.8-6.0 mmol/L. It is classified into two groups, type 1 (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and type 2 (non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus). Stein (2008, p.6) points out that kidney failure happens most often when patients have suffered from diabetes mellitus for more than 10 years. According to United States Renal Data System (USRDS) report in 2007, approximately 44% of primary causes of renal failure is diabetes mellitus in the United States in 2005. Also, Stein (2008) indicates that 15% of dialysis patients are influenced by diabetes mellitus in the United Kingdom. Diabetes mellitus has negative affects throughout the kidneys where the increase of the range of blood sugar causes the damages to the cells in the kidneys. This leads to the presence of the glucose in the urine which is known as glycosuric.

The most common symptoms of diabetes mellitus are chronic elevated blood glucose level. Glycosuria is a condition in which the kidneys excrete increased glucose as they are unable to reabsorb the excess amount. This leads to fluid and electrolyte excretion which leads to electrolyte imbalance and dehydration. Loss of glucose leads to increase in the use of fats and protein for the energy, which leads to accumulation of ketone bodies in the blood which leads to ketoacidosis (could be fatal).