Report: Immobility Due to Cerebrovascular Accident

* Cerebrovascular Disease: More commonly known as stroke cerebrovascular disease can be cause by either a colt or blockage that cuts off blood flow to a part of the brain or by haemorrhage. In both cases there is damage or death of the brain tissue that can cause paralysis, speech disorder, swallowing problems and immobility. People with diabetes and high blood pressure are at higher risk of stroke.

. Define the term collateral blood flow, and describe how this and other factors affect the development of stroke.

According to our American Red Cross Nursing Assistant text a cerebral vascular accident, C.V.A., or stroke occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted. The loss of blood supply results in the death of brain cells. (Page 91) When your brain starts to die the bodily functions the brain controls can be affected. The affected bodily functions depend on what part of the brain does not receive oxygen. Web MD says damage “can occur within 3-4 minutes if not treated.”

The stroke from a blocked artery is called ischemia, and the ruptured artery is hemorrhagic. As time is critical after the cerebrovascular accident, lack of treatment will lead to brain cell apoptosis and neural injuries are permanent. Evaluation using brief tests of cognitive impairment includes analysis of executive functioning, memory, language, and visuospatial performance, neuropsychiatric as well as depressive symptoms (Grant and Adams, 2009).

The diagnostic process for a formally diagnosing Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA/stroke), would consist with a number of test including a physical exam and questions regarding your family history of strokes, any signs or symptoms that may have been present before the patient had the stroke. The physician would also order a few tests like a MRI, CT scan, Cerebral Carotid ultrasound, Cerebral Angiogram and an Echo Cardiogram. The physical exam is important to listen to the hearts sounds, take your blood pressure and also use a ophthalmoscope ( a scope to look in your eyes, ears and nose) to see if there are any cholesterol crystals behind the eyes("Diagnosis - Stroke - Mayo Clinic," 2015). A MRI, uses radio and magnetic waves to show a detailed

Hemorrhagic stroke is, the less common types of CVA, nearly 13% is all stroke cases and is a result from bleeding into the brain tissue itself (Intracerebral and intraparenchymal hemorrhage) or into subarachnoid space or the ventricles (subarachnoid hemorrhage or intraventricular hemorrhage). This type of stroke is further subdivided into:

Marsha is a single mother of three, the youngest being in high school. She works as a sales associate in the women’s fashion section of a larger department store. Last year, Marsha experienced a cerebral vascular accident, or stroke, while on her way to work and was brought in to the hospital. Strokes occur when the blood supply of the brain is disrupted, such as an ischemic attack, thrombosis, or a ruptured blood vessel. When the patient awoke in the hospital, she was unable to understand the staff or her family and expressed difficulty in forming replies. This suggests that the CVA may have occurred in the left hemisphere of the brain, specifically in the Broca and Wernicke’s areas. The medical team suggested that Marsha be released from

A cerebrovascular accident (CVA), or stroke, is an abrupt stoppage of the blood supply of the brain. There are two types of stroke: ischemic stroke, a sudden blockage of arteries that lead to the brain, and hemorrhagic stroke, bursting of a blood vessel that leads to bleeding into the brain tissue (Panel et al.,1997). Due to the sudden onset that requires immediate medical care, it is often referred to as a brain attack. Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability in the U.S. affecting 800,00 people each year (Panel et al.,1997). Tests that view the brain, such as CT scan and MRI scans, as well as test that views the blood vessel that supplies the brain, such as the carotid Doppler, are used to properly diagnose for a stroke.

Stroke previously known as Cerebrovascular accident is well-defined as ‘an abrupt cessation of cerebral circulation in one or more of the blood vessels distributing the brain. Due to the interruption or diminish of oxygen supply causes serious damage or necrosis in the brain tissues (Jauch, Kissella & Stettler, 2005). There is a presence of one or more symptoms such as weakness or numbness or paralysis of the face, arm or leg, difficulty speaking or swallowing, dizziness, loss of balance, loss of vision, sudden blurring or decreased vision in one or both eyes and headache. Stoke is categorised into two types, Ischaemic and haemorrhagic

The nervous system and the endocrine system regulate all body functions (class notes). But, certain diseases and disorders can affect any of these organ systems. One disorder that can affect the brain is a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), also referred to as a stroke. CVA usually results from either a blood vessel in the brain that has burst and decreased the flow of blood to a specific area of the brain or a blood clot that blocks the flow of blood to specific areas of the brain. Either of these causes can result in the brain tissue being deprived of nutrients and oxygen, which will make the brain tissue die (class notes). The following features a study on the association between Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pnuemoniae) and cerebrovascular accidents.

What is a stroke? What are the types of strokes? What are the symptoms of stroke? Strokes have been afflicting mankind since creation. A stroke is caused by an interruption of the blood supply to part of the brain, the term stroke comes from the fact that it usually happens without any warning, striking the person from out of the blue. A stroke can happen to anyone, some people are at higher risk for different reasons such as age or family history. Other risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, being overweight, diabetes, and high cholesterol. According to Conn Foley (1985), “At least 500,000 individuals suffer an episode of each year in the United States. About 2 ½ million survive and with intensive rehabilitation, many can lead active lives” (P. 1). In other words, it is possible to survive and recovery. Having a stroke does not mean that one should give up hope or resign oneself to a life of disability and social withdrawal. Although stroke is relatively common, few people seem to be knowledgeable about its underlying causes, the way in which it produces disability, or how it can be treated and prevented.

Ischemic stroke is also known as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), or “brain attack” is a sudden loss of function resulting from disruption of the blood supply to a part of the brain. Ischemic stroke is caused by an emboluslodged in the small vessels of the brain, causing the oxygen and glucose deprivation to the brain. For Mrs. William case, she is diagnosed with ischemic stroke that is affecting her left side hemisphere of the brain, which is causing her to experience right side symptoms (right-side paralysis, right field homonymous hemianopisa, and global aphasia) (Hinkle & Cheever, 2014). The nursing interventions that the patient is exhibiting the clinical manifestations are:

Stroke, also known as cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States today. In any given year, approximately 800,000 Americans will suffer a stroke, with nearly 25% dying acutely or from subsequent complications over the following 12 months. This article will describe the pathogenesis of the major types of stroke and briefly discuss some treatment options.

A cerebrovascular accident more commonly known as a stroke or brain attack is the term used to describe the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow. In order to woke the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients. This supply is carried to the brain

A stroke, also medically termed as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is one of the top five leading causes of death in multiple countries (Stroebele et al., 2011). A CVA is the loss of blood flow to the brain and is classified by location, duration, and type of blockage. A barricade of blow flow to the brain is considered an ischemic attack, while a bleed in the brain is called a hemorrhagic attack (Langhorne, Bernhardt, & Kwakkel, 2011). Langhorne et al. (2011) states that around 80% of CVAs are classified as an ischemic attack. A CVA can have a severe impact that causes long term disability, so it is important to understand signs, symptoms, and evaluations to understand the impact it can have on an individual’s performances.