Research And Methodology : Keyword 's Methodologies And Forms Of Ea

A control variable is one that is held constant in order to assess or clarify the relationship between two other variables. For example, if we held constant the variable of gender (just looking at males) we could examine the relationship between age and optimism in males.

This paper contains a STEEP (Social, Technological, Environmental, Economical and Political) analysis of the implications on sustainability in construction. The STEEP analysis will be based on 5 different peer-reviewed journals that I have read on each area of STEEP. These journals will be cross examined and compared to one another to see if there is any correlation between them. Firstly I will talk about each journal and summarize what it is about; I will then try and relate the journals to each other in some way. If one journal cannot be related to any of the others, I will state this in my conclusion and provide a reason why there is no connection or relationship between that specific journal and the others.

Secondly, given the information that the housing prices have fallen greatly within past year, the concrete prices of the houses which are suitable for the old remains to be told. If the prices are higher than most cities in the country, than we

There are various rules that needs to be implemented and also the property developers have such a much more understanding of what the cost per square metre is. The recommended building is then measured at every floor level, there will be no deductions for any internal walls, stairs or any elevator areas. Previously similar building costs are divided by the construction cost due to the internal floor space. Adjustments could be made especially for the location or the inflation; where as specification adjustments are much more harder to estimate. Specific judgements are made for the size & shape, the amount of storeys, services, ground conditions aswell as the conditions and the standard of the completed works. A separate evaluation ought to be made for any external works, demolitions, drainage and any incoming services which can be seen as being very different for comparative

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Growth in construction spending in the Asia-Pacific region slowed to 5.8% in 2013, as spending increases in China dipped to 5.4% (IHS 2013). ENR (2015) pointed out that infrastructure construction will remain the primary contributor to China’s growth and will accelerate from 7.4% growth in 2013 to 10.3% growth in 2014 since the government’s initiatives to support growth via stimulus continue to revitalize infrastructure projects. Owing to the housing bubble’s adverse effect on spending in residential construction, the Chinese government has shifted to a growth-support policy that has reinforced a rebound since mid-2013. This policy shift has reinvigorated investment in infrastructure, stimulating construction spending in that sector. The Chinese market has been difficult for international firms, and the country’s economic situation is making it even more problematic. The huge growth in Chinese construction companies has seen further crowding in an already crowded market space. In

Throughout the construction and planning phase the cost raises which result in extreme recession of money to the builders.

The built environment as a whole is said to contribute about half the greenhouse gas emissions in the world (UNEF 2007). Specifically, considering the less studied area of construction emissions, research shows that this component accounts for as much as 11.7% of emissions inclusive of direct and indirect emissions (Acquaye & Duffy 2010). As such it has significant impact on the environment and represents a major opportunity to study potential reductions.

Information about the store’s current productivity enhancing program, target market, and other basic yet necessary numerical and qualitative data to develop a conception of the current state of the store

Economic Factors- Economy and the Construction sector are much interconnected with each other. Economic Factors such as GDP, Inflation, Interest rate, Exchange rate have a large impact on the Construction Sector as a whole. The construction sector saw a huge boom with the GDP almost reaching double digit in 2007-08. This was evident in the share prices of all the Construction firms touching their all-time high during those times. But slowly as the growth rate started declining and reached the rock bottom of 4.8% in 2013, the Construction industry started declining. This has led to major reforms by the new government for the revival of the Construction Industry. But there are huge opportunities for the industry as the economy of the country improves. The industry already contributes 8.5% to the GDP and is the 2nd largest sector after agriculture. The multiplier factor between growth rates of construction and GDP has been about 1.5X-1.6X.It also provides employment to 33 million people in the country. The growth in the increasing middle class in India and their purchasing power has supported the growth of the construction Industry. Also, the middle class is expected to expand by more than 10 times of its current size of 50 million to 500 million in the next 20 years. This present a host of opportunities for the construction firms in India. The 12th Five Year plan has proposed an investment of US $ 1

The study was properly conducted with well-designed research problem, study purpose, and hypothesis, and a relevant literature review. These elements of a research article enable the researchers to clearly state the need and importance of their study. The elements also help to define the uniqueness of the study.

The main conventional building materials, which are concrete and steel, have some major problems. First of all, their price is not

From 2003 to 2014, the construction sector created 100 billion square feet of floor space, or

With the continuous deterioration of the global environment and increasingly serious ecological problems, it is imperative to promote the sustainable development of the earth. The high speed economic development and urbanization promote the rapid development of construction industry, expand the industrial scale, upgrade the industrial structure, and enhance the project quality. Promoting the sustainable development of construction industry in line with the basic requirement of energy saving and ecological protecting have become important tasks that are attached more importance. Under the background of advocating sustainable development, the construction energy conservation and emission reduction are impossible to ignore. Green construction and its relative technology have emerged and become the hot issue of in future research.

Nowdays, the construction sector in Malaysia is one of the very important and can contribute to the country's economic rise. Various employment opportunities available to the parties involved in the construction -based business can also help economic growth. In the next 30 years, the construction industry in Malaysia will continue to increase due to the increasing demand for transport, education, housing, water supply and others. This is assumed by the Construction Industry Board Malaysia (CIDB) for construction sector rising nowadays.