Research Critique Essay example

This paper is an academic critique of an article written by Lautrette, et al. (2007) titled: “A Communication Strategy and Brochure for Relatives of Patients Dying in the ICU” and accurately reflected the content of the article and the research study itself. The abstract explained the article in more detail, while remaining concise. The type of research study, sample size, variables, intervention, measurement method, findings, and conclusion were all mentioned in the abstract.

In their study, they found many factors that contribute to participation and some that, surprisingly, did not play a role. The researchers followed 266 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or left heart valve surgery. One third of the patients who were referred never began the program initially. Of those who began the program, 40% did not complete the CR; this rate is comparable to other findings. One of the primary reasons for elective discharge was being overweight. Overweight patients were almost twice as likely to not complete the program. Additionally it was found that patients who did not complete the CR were more likely to be prescribed antidepressant medications. This, however, may not be due entirely to a lack of completion as the rate of post-CABG depression is 20%. Lastly, being single is a risk factor for poor attendance. The same study also outlined a number of factors that did not end up affecting participation. Age was found to be negligible for completion, as well as differences between males and females. Additionally, being a smoker did not have an effect in completing the program. Furthermore, it was found that patients who underwent major surgery, such as CABG, were actually more likely to participate in programs compared to those who underwent minimally or non-invasive procedures. Patients who do not participate in

P: The patient (population) in this particular study is the post operative gastric bypass patient.

Patient has underlying conditions: Obesity, Coronary Artery disease, Edema, Hypertensions, Dyslipidemia, Ischemia, and hx of quadruple Coronary Artery Bypass Graft.

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is a fairly common complication in hospitalized patients. Nosocomial infection prevention and patient safety promotion has been issued and many researches have been conducted to improve patient’s quality of life. In this article, Saint et al. (2005) hypothesize that using a paper-based urinary catheter reminder can reduce the incidence of urinary catheterization, and consequently this will enhance the patients’ safety.

“Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery is a widely used surgical procedure for the relief of symptoms of Coronary Artery Disease” (Bagielia, Connerney, McLaughlin, Shapiro, & Sloan, 2001, p. 1766). Coronary Artery Disease is the narrowing of the blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscles. The buildup of fatty material within the walls of the arteries causes cardiac diseases (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery,, 2010) .To resolve this issue, surgeons take veins and arteries from elsewhere in the patient’s body. Then, surgeons graft the veins and arteries to the coronary arteries to bypass the atherosclerotic narrowing and improve the blood supply to the heart muscles (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery,, 2010). This procedure increases the blood flow to the heart by giving the blood a new route around the diseased or clogged artery (Bagielia, Connerney, McLaughlin, Shapiro, & Sloan, 2001).

Per the study, the “findings have a few important implications. A substantial minority of patients aged 80 and older who have major noncardiac surgery die or suffer a postoperative complication, but the majority have good outcomes, and for many operations, mortality rates were low (>2%).” The

Feld et al (2003) randomized thirty obese patients undergoing gastric bypass into two groups: one receiving sevoflurane and fentanyl while the other group received a sevoflurane and non-opioid regimen. The non-opioid regimen

Studies dating back as early as 1955 have noted that gastric bypass could affect the progression of diabetes in patients. It was not until 1977 that

Some of these people believe that bariatric surgery is a more promising method of managing diabetes (Chhabra, et. al., 2013). This solution is believed to have maximum effectiveness in moderately obese patients who are at risk for cardiovascular diseases. Since bariatric surgery offers rapid weight loss, researchers of this study believe this method is more effective and efficient than standard medicine and traditional diet and exercise plans. This rapid weight loss has been credited for effective diabetes management in addition to remission of the condition. However, although this option may look like an easy fix, it is not always as beneficial as it may appear. Between 25 and 40% of individuals with type 2 diabetes are not able to achieve or maintain normal blood glucose levels without medication following a bariatric surgery (Kashyap, & Schauer, 2012). This means that a significant number of type 2 diabetics who go through the trouble and expense of bariatric surgery, may be disappointed to find that they are not cured and still need to manage their disease after

- Patients within this age group with at least one vessel with 20% stenosis that is indicated on a coronary angiography

Obesity is a condition which can be the beginning of life threatening heart diseases, particularly coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). According to early studies, dysfunction of coronary microcirculation is defined as reduced coronary flow reserve and/or endothelial dysfunction, presented with typical angina in absence of other myocardial/cardiovascular or systemic diseases, with electrocardiographic ischemic changes and normal/minimally changed coronarogram.

H (0): Exercise had no impact on cardiopulmonary function, and there were no gender-specific cardiopulmonary dissimilarities.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a surgical procedure performed on patients with coronary artery disease to improve their survival and quality of life. (1) It remains to be the gold standard treatment for patients requiring multivessel coronary revascularization despite recent advances in medical therapies and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). (2) There are two forms of CABG. Traditionally, CABG is performed with a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine (aka heart lung machine or “the pump”) which maintains circulation while the heart is temporarily stopped. (1) This creates a bloodless and motionless operating field for the surgeons. (3) The body is then weaned from CPB and the heart is restarted with the completion of grafting. (1) Alternatively, a relatively newer technique called off-pump CABG or beating heart surgery can be performed. With this procedure, CPB is not utilized and the surgeon grafts the blood vessel on the pumping heart after the area around the blocked coronary artery is stabilized. (1)

A rising health epidemic that America is currently facing today is obesity. This is becoming very wide spread among all races and class levels due in part to the abundance of inexpensive food available, most notably, fast food restraints . There are literally thousands of diet books available but due to the extreme will power many of these programs demand, more and more people are turning to weight loss surgery as a final solution. The most popular procedures being Gastric Bypass, and Lap Band surgery. Although these are now fairly common procedures with a high rate of success there are also many differences that one should consider when choosing which would be a better fit for themselves . Three of the biggest differences would be