Research Knowledge and Assessment Essay

Social construction is the idea that our understanding of reality derives from interaction with others. It refers to the way we create meaning and understanding to build collectively held beliefs. These beliefs are called “social constructions” or “constructs”.

Constructivism refers to the idea that learners construct knowledge for themselves and that each learner individually and socially construct meaning as he or she learns. In the views of constructivism, there is no such thing as knowledge independent of the knower, but only knowledge that the student constructs for themselves as they learn. According the constructivist theory, “learning is not understanding the “true” nature of things, nor is it remembering dimly perceived perfect ideas perfect ideas, but rather a personal and social construction of meaning out of the bewildering array of sensations which have no order or structure besides the explanations which educators fabricate

According to Bryman (2012), a constructivism approach is an ontological position that asserts that social actors are continually accomplishing social phenomena and their meanings. This approach assists the researcher to present a particular version of social reality, rather than one that can be regarded as definitive.

Research endeavors take great organization and diligence in ensuring that information is collected correctly and carefully. In the article selected, researchers collect data from both children and adults to create a bio repository for future research of childhood obesity. The following document will explore the results and opinions concluded in the research project, statistical findings, and other important information collected from the research project.

Ontological perspective – Pragmatists have a variety of viewpoints regarding social realities, and they focus on what works (Creamer, 2018; Creswell & Plano Clark, 2018).

Both Marxist and positivist stress the need for a rigorous scientific method, for scientific analysis of the social phenomenon and natural world.

Theorists like Foucault, Berger, Luckmann, Gergen bring out Social Constructionism from socio-cultural and historical contexts shape individuals and the creation of knowledge, how creation of knowledge happens, How individuals create themselves , one can also say all experience is subjective and human beings recreate themselves through an on-going, never static process, knowledge is created through an interplay of multiple social and historical forces. Theorists also say Social interaction is grounded in language, customs, cultural and historical contexts, all phenomenon, including the sciences, must be approached with doubt in order to understand how people construct reality and Humans are self-interpreting beings thus further complicating

Pragmatism deals with a straight forward way of thinking and is centered on solving problems. As stated in lecture eight, “pragmatists promoted a “philosophy” of relativism not universalism” (Professor Garcia Lecture 8). This means that, in terms of pragmatism, one does what they consider is essential instead of following a natural law based upon philosophical principles and morality. In any matter, the truth as to what the right thing to do is relative to the situation and there is not a universally correct answer for all eternity. What is considered right changes over the years and law is meant to be changed as economic and political situations vary. The political philosophy of pragmatism helps Kloppenberg support his argument that Obama is more than just intelligent, that he is an intellectual.

First, let’s start by defining pragmatism; pragmatism is an empirically based philosophy that defines knowledge and truths in terms of practical consequences. In other words, if it is useful then it is true, if it is useless then it is not. Another way to look at this is, you can believe that your

An extensive body of literature on research methodology clearly indicates an inconclusive debate about the relative merits of qualitative and quantitative research strategies with the majority contending that both have advantages and drawbacks Fineout-Overholt & Melnyk (2011).

This objective of this assignment is to create a mini-proposal, which outlines a research project focused on a specific problem or question and utilizes a specific qualitative method. Importance has been placed on (a) offering a distinct definition of the phenomena to be researched; (b) a comprehensive description of the anticipated outcomes of this pseudo investigation; (c) the vigor and confines of employing qualitative methods in contrast to quantitative methods to satisfy the intended research question.

The research design constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement, and analysis of data (Cooper and Emory, 1995). It involves (a) selecting sources and types of information used to answer the research questions; (b) specifying the relationships among the study’s variables; and (c) outlining each procedure for conduct of the research. The research design not only provides the plan and structure for an investigator to obtain answers to research questions, but also helps researchers to allocate their limited resources in order to complete the research project within time and financial constraints (Robson, 1993; Cooper and Emory, 1995). Six interviews were conducted.

Both Marxist and positivist stress the need for a rigorous scientific method, for scientific analysis of the social phenomenon and natural world.

It has to recognise that the positivism doctrine is complex in terms of explaining succinct and precise manner due to the fact that there are major differences among settings researchers make use of positivism. The variations for clarifying positivism might be equal in number of authors that addresses the area of research philosophy. However, within its spirit, positivism is dependent on the idea that reveals “science is the only approach to learn about the truth” (Alasuutari & Brannen, 2008).

In order to conduct a research study, there should be a complete objective and purpose for it. For that reason, the research studies revolve around three dissimilar purposes, exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory (Kumar, 2012). The merely difference is the process through which arrangement of research queries are conserved. These three types deviate from each other in different manners that are being elaborated below;