Research Paper On Chronic Urticaria

The history of urticaria is a fascinating account of mankind gradually growing to understand human diseases. The process starts with the many different names this disease has been given to in the past. The school of Hippocrates in 4th century BC recognized urticaria with nettles. The roman school instead focused on its burning sensation and is where Plinius named it uredo. In the 10th century, Hali Ben Abbas used the name essera because it means mountain or elevation, alluding that the welt is above skin level. In 18th century, Zelder called it urticatio, and in 1792, urticaria was the accepted name. A couple of words have been made during recent times but they did not clearly distinguish the disease from the other skin diseases. Some

This paper discusses the causes as to why rosacea affects those who show symptoms of the disease while mentioning the possible treatments and preventions. It also discusses the reasons to why there has not been a cure to the disease and how it negatively affects a person’s daily life. Rosacea is a skin disease that is very common in people with fair skin and causes undesirable appearances. The disease can sometimes be confused with acne because of its similar appearances. However, rosacea has no cure and can only be dealt with through medication and treatments to relive the symptoms. With no direct cause yet to be proven, rosacea is thought to be caused by triggers that can make the problem worse. Therefore, research is currently being

Vitiligo is an auto-immune disease where melanocytes, the cells that make pigment in the skin, are destroyed (Vora, Patel, Chaudhary, Mehta & Pilani, 2014). It is characterized clinically by totally white patches of skin, also known as lesions, appearing primarily on visible areas of the body, including face and hands (Osman, Elkordufani & Abdullah, 2009). In very rare cases vitiligo is accompanied by itching or other somatic symptoms but gradual discoloration is generally its only physical symptom (Schmid-Ott et al., 2007). The patches develop unpredictably and while there is a genetic component to vitiligo, race and age do not affect the incidence of the disease (Gupta, Sreenivas, Mehta, Khaitan & Ramam,

According to the Genetic And Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD), aquagenic urticaria typically affects women but the symptoms start showing only around the time they reach puberty. When the person gets in contact with water, small red or skin-colored welts form — typically on the neck, upper trunk and arms. In some cases they can also form on other parts of the body.

Atopic eczema is a skin condition that can be in remission and can flare up because of different factors. The skin condition is known for its distinct characteristics, such as red, itchy skin. Although it is mostly common in children, it can occur at any age. Over the years, there has been growing interest in different strategies to prevent and manage atopic eczema. Each person is different in the way their condition flares, and most of the time has been treated with topical calcineurin inhibitors and topical corticosteroids.

Rosacea is a chronic skin condition affecting the blood vessels and sebaceous glands and is characterized by recurrent erythema, telangiectasia,

“The word eczema comes from the Greek word “ekzein” which means “to boil.” Eczema (also known as dermatitis) is a dry skin condition” (National Eczema Society, 2016).Atopic eczema is the most common type of eczema which is also associated with other atopic allergies such as hay fever and asthma (Patient, 2016). Eczema causes the skin to appear cracked, red, itchy and dry. Atopic eczema can affect any part of the body but mostly around the neck, cheeks, inside or outside the elbows and scalp. There are 800 million people suffering from eczema in the United Kingdom (British skin foundation, 2016).Eczema affects 1 in five children in the United Kingdom, of which 8 out of 10 cases develop the condition within the first five years of a child’s life

before the age of 20 years (Sahni, Parsad, & Kanwar 2011). This skin condition happens in

Also known as atopic dermatitis, eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition. Though eczema is more common during childhood the adult stage can present with skin lesions similar to this patient. They present with extremely pruritic, erythematous, scaly lesions. Acute lesions can be vesicular with exudation and crusting. Adult stage is characterized by thickened skin with lichenification. Atopic dermatitis has a more localized distribution in adults, involving primarily the hands and feet, but in severe cases any area of the body can be involved. In contrast to our patient eczema usually has a relapsing nature and pruritus is a cardinal feature.

Epidemiology studies show that tinea pedis is thought to be the world’s most common dermatophytosis. Reportedly, 70% of the population will be infected with tinea pedis at some time in their life. Usually, tinea pedis affects more men compared to women. Also, the prevalence of tinea pedis increases with age thus, most cases occur after puberty. Other studies brought out that the global increase in tinea pedis is likely due to increases in urbanization and the use of sports and fitness facilities.

I found this article to be informative as it touched upon many aspects of eczema such as

Eczema can affect people of all ages but are usually seen in children. In the United States about 10-20% of infants and 3%

This paragraph will be talking about what a person will have to do if they have Cholinergic Urticaria. First, some things a person will have to do if they have this disorder is. They will have to take a lot of medicine and live in a cooler climate. Next, the occurrence that this happen is un known because some researchers find that it is more common in men but some other researchers say that it is more common in women. Scientists have found that up to 1/8th of the population are ready have Cholinergic Urticaria. Lastly, I believe that Urticaria is a neutral disease because it can make people uncomfortable and itchy. People who have this disease can't die from it but it will make you uncomfortable.

I have chosen to present a case of a lady presented with severe Atopic Eczema. I chose this case as Atopic Eczema is one of the most common dermatological complaints in Hong Kong and it also has great impact on patient's quality of life.

The treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) is dependent on the patient's age and severity of their symptoms. The management of AR involves three main categories which are allergen avoidance, pharmacological management, and immunotherapy. Patients should be advised to avoid known allergens and be educated about their condition.