Research Paper On Cocaine

During 1984 through 1994, 10 years into The Crack Epidemic, the homicide rate of African American males aged 14-17 doubled. Along with an increase of African American children in foster care, fetal death rates and weapon arrests. Roles lost in families and the community. Health and lifestyle of the African American communities depleting due to the powerful affects of crack cocaine. The African American community has been significantly affected by The Crack Epidemic in the areas of health and culture as a result of where the source of crack cocaine introduced itself in America, laws surrounding crack cocaine and the perception of the drug.

Cocaine’s mode of action has been shown to involve the dopamine receptors. This paper will discuss how cocaine affects dopamine receptors, the mode of addiction, how cocaine affects the frontal brain metabolic activities, as well as the role of excitatory amino acids in cocaine’s mechanism. I will also discuss how cocaine affects another system through its mechanism on the brain—the renin angiotensin system.

Crack has an effect on the part of the brain that is known as the rewards center. It is the part that makes us happy. Normally how this works is the brain will release dopamine, a feel good chemical neurotransmitter, in response to potential rewards that are coming its way. It will then be recycled back into the same cell that released it. The signal between nerve cells shuts off, then the cycle is then repeated. When someone puts crack cocaine into their body, the cocaine gets sent up to the brain through the bloodstream. It then will attach itself to the dopamine, preventing the dopamine from recycling. This causes it all to build up between the nerve cells and be released all at once, resulting in the powerful rushed high feeling people get. This lasts anywhere between 5 minutes to a half hour. After using it one time, people can become addicted. However, with each use the pleasurable feelings fade away, making people want a bigger dosage, which could lead to a negative

Cocaine Hydrochloride in the early 20th century was used in many ways. Some may say that small doses were added to the drink Coca Cola, that’s where the name come from. I feel as if this is true because Coca Cola is slightly addictive. The original formula of coca cola did have 25mg of cocaine per 100ml of drink. That formula was used as a stimulant for headaches. Cocaine Hydrochloride was an ingredient in patent medicines, tonics, elixirs, and fluid extracts. With the right amount it could save and cure you but if you were given more than needed you would get addicted. Doctors knew what would happen to a patient if they were given to much therefore they created something called the Harrison Narcotic Act of 1914.

Low income, crack-cocaine addicted African American mothers face many challenges as they seek addiction treatment. Limited research suggests that women who seek addiction treatment can potentially lose custody of their children to Child Protective Services Intervention. Ironically however, women in need of treatment for any other illness face no such threat of losing their children. Unfortunately, women with substance use histories often encounter criminal penalties or the lost of their children to Child Protective Services. Consequently, many of these women are afraid to seek treatment. Due to the social injustices faced by women with substance addictions, elected officials and policymakers should consider enacting legislation that provide

Cocaine originated from coca leaves grown in South America. People in South America tried the coca leaves. Due to the energy boost it gave them they had a feeling that there were drugs in the leaves. They then tested their theory. The test was putting the leaves in a special liquid and letting them dry out. They turned out to be right when they saw a powdery substance. This is how cocaine was first made. It now continues to be made with higher technology. The way they make it now is that they shrivel out the leaf like before. Then they compact the powder together to make cocaine. After the powder is made they refine it even more to make crack cocaine. Cocaine itself is very addicting. Crack cocaine is an even more addicting drug.

Cocaine is one of the most destructive and addictive drugs in recent history. The use of cocaine and other narcotics often results in incarceration and even death. This is the story of a form of Cocaine called Crack and the results of one's affiliation with this highly addictive substance.

Cocaine is extracted from coca leaf. People started using it 3000 years before the birth of Christ. They chewed the leaf when they were on the mountain. Nowadays, cocaine is used as the drug, and it is banned in a lot of countries in the world.

Since the individual is not experiencing any sickness, pain, or other outward physical discomfort I would suggest that this individual may have been consuming cocaine, marijuana, or is an alcoholic.

Stimulant drugs rev up the central nervous system by increasing heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure. Thus, someone who abuses stimulants will experience enhanced positive emotional reactions and a minimized level of negaitve emotional reactions, as well as alertness. Someone who abuses nicotine, a stimulant, will experiecne relaxation and alertness due to the way in which nicotine activates receptors sensitive to the neurotransimitter acetylcholine. Someone who abusues the stimulant cocaine will experience euphoria, enhanced mental and physical capabilities, stimulation, a decrease in hunger, indifference to pain, and diminished fatigue. Crack cocaine will generate intense euphoria, but will follow with unpleasant feelings. Stimulants

Cocaine is one the most destructive and addictive drugs on the market. Cocaine leads to be one of the results of why people go to jail, do it while they are pregnant, and even death. This is the story of Cocaine, or one of the forms known as Crack, and the bare minimums of it.

One of the most abused psychostimulant drugs in today’s society is cocaine (Hummel and Unterwald, 2002). Cocaine is a purified extract derived from the leaves of the Erthroxylum coca bush found in the Andes region of South America. Cocaine can undergo several different chemical processes producing either crack cocaine, known as “crack” or “rock”, which is smoked, or powered cocaine, known as “coke” or “blow”, which can be snorted or dissolved in water and injected. A longitudinal study of cocaine use amongst 1253 college students at one public university found a significant increase in cocaine use over time from 1st year to 4th year. By their 4th year of college, 36% of students had been offered cocaine at least once, with 13% having used it (Kasperski et al., 2011).

Coke, C, Toot, Flake, Snow, Booga Suga, the list of names goes on and on but one thing that all these have in common is that they all refer to one drug, cocaine (Feinberg 1984). Cocaine is a very addicting drug and contrary to early belief can and will cause gross psychological and some physical effects. The “wonder drug” as it was so affectionately called has turned out to not be wonderful at all.

Cocaine is a powerful central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that heightens alertness, inhibits appetite and the need for sleep, and provides intense feelings of pleasure. It is prepared from the leaf of the Erythroxylon coca bush, which grows primarily in Peru and Bolivia.

The most obvious challenges faced in this study would be getting people to admit that they use cocaine. Although it was wrong for these researches to leave out information about what the study really was for, in a way they had to lie to find accurate statistics. It is very difficult for anybody to admit that they are using a drug of that caliber, even if it’s to a person is wearing a white coat. Also, cocaine is an illegal drug. Asking people to participate in a study on their of cocaine is essentially self-incriminating. The researchers wouldn’t expect the subjects to fully trust them. I’m sure many participants would’ve been reserved because of the potential penalties involve with disclosing that information.