Research Paper On Emperor Penguin

Penguins lives in north pole. penguin eats fish, ray fish, squid, cod, krill and shrimp. They live for 10 years to 25 years. Penguins huddle up to keep warm because to protect them. A penguin is a bird but it cant fly. Baby penguins are born with out feathers. Penguins dive 50 to 60 feet to catch their food. when baby penguins are about 4 weeks old they huddle up to keep warm.

Penguins ( family Spheniscidae, order Sphenisciformes) are a group of flightless, aquatic birds living exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, particularly in Antarctica. Well-adapted for life in the water, these birds have countershaded white and black plumage, and their wings have evolved into flat, paddle-like flippers. They feed on squid, fish, krill and other forms of sealife. Penguins spend half of their lives in the oceans and half on land. This list contains 10 unusual facts about penguins you may not know.

The Emperor’s lifespan is about 18-20 years and during those years they learn to hunt, avoid the animals that prey on them, and reproduce. The Emperor Penguins prey on many aquatic animals, some more than others such as Silverfish. Silverfish is the main food source that the penguins eat (according to google) but it’s not the only source. They can also eat krill and squid. The Emperor Penguins are only 3.6

Emperor penguins that live in the Antarctic winter, need to survive, and ensure reproduction occurring in the winter. In order to achieve survival, emperors form huddles together. A huddle is a dynamic mosaic of compact zones (Ancel, Gilbert, Poulind, Beaulieu, Thierry 91). Huddles are very complex and can range anywhere from a few hundred to a few thousand birds at a time, in which individuals are closely packed together. Huddling is a huge warming mechanism, and they are shaped like an ellipse. An emperor penguin being close to another individual does not mean it is automatically in a huddle. There are certain requirements that deem an individual in a huddle. An emperor's back has to be completely covered by another individual and the light

The African black-footed penguin is unique, as in comparison to its Spheniscus family relatives due to its extensive use of the braying call. These uses developed as a result of behaviors and the lifestyle seen in the African penguin that are not as clearly seen in its Galapagos, Magellanic, and Humboldt relatives. The harsh, loud, sharp, and intense sound of the bray has developed to benefit the penguin. Without it the species would not be successful in reproduction, establishing territory, or locating other members of the

Emperor penguins will dive 150m under the ice to find drill and crustaceans. They will go down 400 to 450m to find fish and squid. Some have gone down 565m to find food. They can stay under water for 2 to 9 minutes. Their record is 18 minutes.

Seahorse courtship may last from several minutes to days depending on the species of seahorse. In a wild population of H. whitei, the female seahorse traveled to her mate each morning and they interacted for 6-10 min, performing the first few movements of courtship (Vincent & Sadler, 1995). During this life stage the female's abdomen grew rounder as she prepared the eggs inside her, and the male prepared his brood pouch. He may inflate the pouch with water by opening the hole at the top of his pouch. Both seahorses were observed to point their snouts at the surface and brighten their colors many times. Eventually, both floated upward with their abdomens lined up. The female inserted her ovipositor, a tubular organ, into the male's brood pouch and deposited her eggs, where they were fertilized by male (Vincent, 1990). After courtship, both male and female seahorses exhibited visible evidence of having mated, as the female girth diminished and the male pouch filled (Vincent & Sadler,

The legs, effectively used as oars, are set wide apart and connect rather far back to the long and rounded body. Short, glossy feathers cover its body to form a dense, fur-like covering, which is waterproof and helps keep the bird warm (Gale Encyclopedia). Penguins eat many types of fish, krill, and plankton, which helps to keep the water less polluted by algae and prevent deadly red tides. Penguins adapted to the need for food and the lack of it in the Arctic. By having hunting and mating seasons, where the females lay eggs and give them to the men to watch over and protect before it hatches, while the women go and hunt in search of food for the men and the baby, penguins have created a system to survive the cold and harsh winter weather. Penguins have evolved into creatures that are protected from the cold by their own fur and can move around by sliding on their bellies since they cannot fly. Without being able to fly penguins are vulnerable to attack from

Ancient penguins used to be relatively ginormous in size compared to how they look now. 57 million years ago, the average long beaked penguin stood 5 feet 7 inches, and was about 220 pounds. That’s the same size as the average sized man today. Today the largest living species of penguin is the emperor penguin, which stands at about 4 feet tall. There is actually no rock solid evidence as to why the average penguin size has decreased, just speculations. One popular theory as to why they have decreased in size is because of extinction. Many of the predators had died out, so they did not have to fear being killed. The penguins, since they had no predators, could adapt to catching their prey underwater without any real competition, or fear. The

Antarctica is Earth’s southernmost continent.Antarctica is the coldest of Earth's continents and is a frozen desert with little precipitation. There are countless number of animals(including penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals), fungi(such as Cryomyces antarcticus, and Cryomyces minteri), plants and other organisms. Nonetheless, the biodiversity is consistently changing over past century and strongly affected by the climate change in recent years.

0% since the 1970s. Less sea ice during the winter is likely to be the cause and may explain declines seen in several species of penguins. Krill feed on the algae found under the surface of the sea ice, which acts as a kind of ‘nursery’. The Antarctic Peninsula, a key breeding ground for the krill, has experienced a striking decrease in sea ice.

They feed in shallow waters, often joining sea lions, dolphins, and hammerhead sharks under the sea in search of fish. The endemic species only dives to shallow depths, and spends short periods of time in the sea each day. While the penguin’s numbers are low due to El Niño years, the population spreads around the islands while the food supply is abundant.

A lek is an aggregation of males that gather to engage in competitive displays that may entice visiting females who are surveying prospective partners for copulation. A lekking species is defined by the following characteristics: male displays, strong female mate choice, and the conferring of male indirect benefits. In David Mcdonald’s article, “Cooperative Display and Relatedness Among Males in a Lek-Mating Bird” discusses about long-tailed manakins who mate in leks and cooperate in multiyear male-male partnerships. An alpha male is responsible for virtually all mating, whereas a beta male assists in the courtship displays. Such altruism by the beta male poses a problem for evolutionary theory because most theoretical treatments and empirical

Male and female black-capped chickadees perform different rituals at the beginning of the breeding season, wherein male black-capped chickadees carry out male-male song contests and females actively seek out copulation events. From 1999 to 2001 Mennill et al team set out to assess dominance ranks in the black-capped chickadee population at Queen’s University Biological Station in Canada in order to evaluate which males were likely to be sought for extra pair copulations and which males were likely to lose paternity within their nests. After determining male ranking the team performed six-minute playback trials of neighboring high and low ranking males, in order to determine whether females were eavesdropping and whether or not this affected their likelihood of seeking extra pair

Out of 5,000 mammals in the animal kingdom 95% of them do not mate for life (Than). The overall divorce rate of king penguins is 81% (Olsson). Most animals are not monogamous because it is a lot pressure to pick the right and perfect mate (Than). Also, it requires an individual to place all of their time and hope into one another all in the name of proper breeding (Than). Most penguins do not mate for life, those penguins are: King penguins, Emperor penguins, Little (Blue) penguins, Banded penguins, Chested penguins, Yellow-eyed penguins, Brush-tailed penguin and Magellanic penguins