Frank Whittle, Jet Engine Pioneer “A nation’s ability to fight a modern war is as good as its technological ability.” (BrainyQuote} said Sir Frank Whittle, the inventor of the jet engine. Born on 1 June 1907, Whittle was the son of a working class family, his father was a mechanic and inventor. Whittle had been fascinated with airplanes and engines from the age of four. Since Whittle’s family couldn’t afford to send him to the RAF College at Cranwell, Whittle was determined to enter as an apprentice. At the age of fifteen Whittle was rejected for being too short to pass the medical exam. Whittle was not discouraged, within three years he grew three inches and got into good physical condition. It wasn’t until he passed the physical in 1923 that …show more content…
Dr. Hans Joachim Pabst von Ohain conceived his version of jet propulsion in 1933 when he realized that the noise and vibration of the propeller piston engine seemed to destroy the steadiness and smoothness of flying. Von Ohain received his own patent in 1936 since it had important differences from Whittle’s 1930 patent. (National) With a working model von Ohain signed a consulting agreement with Heinkel Company to develop his turbojet ideas. The HeS.3B engine was installed in the He-178 airplane; the first turbojet-powered aircraft made its first flight on 27 August 1939. Heinkel Company did not curry the favor like the Messerschmitt Company. Thus the Me-626 was the first jet plane to see combat in World War II, but was too late to save Hitler’s Germany. …show more content…
Whittle’s first prototype met with limited success in 1937. The National Academy of Science’s Committee on Gas Turbines reported that Whittle’s jet engine “couldn’t fly.” Whittle’s response was, “Good thing I was too dumb to know this.” Whittle’s E.28/39 engine first flew in the Pioneer airplane on 5 May 1941, tested by pilot Gary Sayer. Whittle’s next hurdle was the control of his invention. Now that Whittle had proved himself, the aircraft industry and government wanted outsource production of the jet engines to the companies that had made the piston driven engines. Rover was the first company given the building contract but quickly fell behind schedule. In 1943 the contract was given to Rolls Royce. Whittle thought that development should have been left with his company Power Jets, they knew what they were doing. The plans and an engine were sent to America to copy for its experimental P-59 Airacomet. Whittle was impressed with the level of enthusiasm the Americans showed. Meanwhile the Meteor was not ready to enter combat until 1944. The Me-626 airplane (German) never saw action with the Meteor because Hitler decreed that the Me-626 should be used as a ground attack aircraft instead of a fighter. The British 619 Squadron was the first unit to operate jet powered fighters in victory in August 1944. The Allies win the war but Whittle loses another battle.
“Never before had so much brain-power been focused on a single problem.”(Laurence qtd. in “Eyewitness”). Many inventions can be said to have changed the world, and the way it worked. Only a core few of these many inventions can be said to change air warfare, and few of those are as game-changing as the B-29 Superfortress by Boeing. The B-29 was the plane that dropped the atomic bombs in World War Two (“bomber”). The plane by Boeing was used most in World War Two as a strategic long-range bomber. This invention revolutionized the concept of war, and war is a factor in all life on planet earth. The B-29 bomber changed warfare by sparking the innovation of aircraft technology, saving lives, and allowing more power to be carried by the means
1. In 1930, who first patented a design for a reaction (jet) type motor suitable for aircraft propulsion?
Being the real first heavy bomber, the B-29 would start production six years after the B-17 won the USAAC competition. The head of Boeing Aircraft Co. on January 29, 1940, received a letter titled "U.S. Army, Airplane, Bombardment, Specification For". (The Boeing B-29) This would start production of the B-29. After thousands of hours of work, the plane took it maiden flight on September 21, 1942. The plane could carry a whopping 70 tons of cargo, the same amount of weight the Enola Gay carried on its way to Japan. It could fly at 400 miles per hour, almost 200 more miles per hour than its predecessor. The plane could also fly 4 thousand miles. (The Boeing B-29) The most famous B-29, the Enola Gay, dropped the bombs on Japan and forced them to raise the white flag and win the war against the Japanese. The plane was flown by Paul Tibblets and Robert Lewis. These planes helped win the war against the Axis powers and capture Berlin.
Whitsett, North Carolina is a town that many have never heard of, yet it is my hometown. Situated in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, Whitsett is located directly between Greensboro and Burlington, North Carolina in eastern Guilford County. Having moved from a house located in the city limits of Greensboro, NC at the age of three, Whitsett is practically all I have ever known as “home.” My parents decided to move to Whitsett because they were able to find a larger and more suitable house with the arrival of my younger brother, Landon, in the year 1999. With almost 19 years having gone by, my family still lives in the same house today. Our house is located in the neighborhood development known as “Stoney Creek.” Importantly, this is the
Pieces of literature can be influenced by a wide variety of different factors that they experience everyday, whether the author intended on it or not. One fundamental factor that can influence a writer is their culture, in history it is especially visible. Culture can be defined as the customs, art, beliefs, and behavior of a group of people. Culture can indirectly influence an author or poet or it could be used deliberately in order for the writer to better express their views on a topic. One author that took advantage of his culture, in a possible attempt to bring more recognition to it, at every opportunity he had was John Greenleaf Whittier. Whittier was raised by a Quaker family in Massachusetts during the 1800s, which were part of a pivotal moment in history. Whittier’s works typically included subjects and areas close to his home, his experiences, and both his political and social/religious beliefs. Whittier was an outspoken abolitionist, just like many other Quakers during the time, and he became best known for his anti-slavery poems. One such poem that sticks out as being heavily influenced by his culture is The Hunters of Men, which can be found in the Norton Anthology of American Literature Volume B on page 609-610. When reading the work of Whittier his culture can be seen in three different ways the first is the culture itself, the second is where the culture fits into society, and how his culture impacts the ethics of this essay.
The Curtiss P-40 Warhawk was a single-engine, single-seat, metal fighter plane and ground-attack aircraft that was made by the Americans. The P-40 Warhawk fighters first flew in 1938 and caught the attention of the United States Army Air Corps, who placed the largest fighter plane order it had ever made for fighters for a count of 524 at a cost of US$13 million. This was the earliest serious fighter in WWII and did its job until better fighters came out. It was known as a safe and secure aircraft that was able to fly pilots back home after being shot up in action. Many variants of this plane were later created. In addition, the shark teeth graphics were a big feature on this plane.
Aircraft and the war materials are important to any war. The aircraft in the war was very different for each person. They had many different types of aircraft depending on their way of flying. Also the designed it based on how “dangerous” they felt they were. During the war there were over forty different versions of the very successful aircraft from Germany. They wouldn’t build them based on if they were better for fighting or if they were better for flying. They based them on how the person flying them wanted the aircraft to be. This caused problems for Germany. It is very time consuming for Germany. It took a long time to build each of the planes. Since they were all different they
Andrew Wyeth was born July 12, 1917 in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania. He was the youngest of five children. Andrew was a sickly child and so his mother and father made the decision to pull him out of school after he contracted whooping cough. He received schooling in all subjects including art education.
The Holocaust is looked at in lots of different ways, but in Whitwell,Tennessee the middle schoolers looked into the Holocaust in a very unique way. The small town of Whitwell, only containing a total of 1,600 people only having five African Americans and one mexican. It may have come off as a racial town when really, they were a very tight knit community. The project started when the students had no idea what six million looked like. The students decided to collect paperclips, they were easy to collect and also had a meaning to the Holocaust. The paper clip was made in Norway, the Norwegians wore the paper clip as a symbol of all the people in the Holocaust,because they were not able to speak out against the Holocaust. At first, the project
With the invention of the machine gun the fighter plane was created and the first flying “aces” arose. This was important because when both sides were entrenched it became the job of the planes to create an opening. In addition to fighter planes the creation of bombers played a vital role in the war and in subsequent wars. Planes were now able to just drop a bomb on the enemy, causing a large amount of damage. The advancements in aircraft made during wartime paved the way for future generations to create advanced airplanes with useful additions like precise maneuvering equipment and missiles. In addition, post-war advancements include the invention of the tri-motor in 1926, the first single engine plane in 1927, and the first transatlantic passenger plane also in 1927. WWI had a huge effect on the development of plane technology because without it people may have never realized the potential for air warcraft except for the few pilots with the vision of dropping bombs on the
The First World War was monumental in history because of all the new technology that was introduced. One particular area that developed during the Great War was the use of airplanes by the German and Allied militaries. In comparison, they both had different mentalities towards an invention that was only made successful less than a decade before the outbreak of war in 1914 by the Wright Brothers in North Carolina, United States. The German Military welcomed the idea with open arms, investing in its potential for military uses, whereas the Allies remained reserved and hesitant, claiming that aircraft could not be used for anything more offensive than reconnaissance missions. These differences in opinions later affected the development of each air force. The German military kept making monthly improvements to their equipment whereas the allied pilots were slow in their respective air forces evolution. However, there was a common progression that both militaries had which was the slow phasing out of the cavalry on either side due to the effectiveness of the aircrafts reconnaissance capabilities. During the World War One, the German military took advantage of the new technology available to them, which gave significant results, whereas the Allies had a more traditional mindset for the beginning of the conflict.
The Germans also intended to bring a brand new generation of piston engine aircraft into production around 1941. However, all but one of those aircraft failed to live up to expectations and ended up being produced in very small numbers if at all. The aircraft production of the Germans
Mr. Roger Enright was a coal miner from Pennsylvania that had transformed himself into a millionaire. He made a poor subject for blackmailers and debunking biographers. Among the wealthy, he was disliked for having become wealthy so crudely. He hated bankers, labor unions, women, evangelists and the stock exchange. He had never bought a share stock nor sold a share in any enterprises, and he owned his fortune singlehanded. Besides his oil business he owned a publishing house, a restaurant, a radio shop, a garage, and a plant manufacturing electric refrigerators. When a successful businessman with great ego like Enright himself decided to construct a building, he spent six months searching for an architect that can design an egotistical building
Towards the end of the War the airplane becomes a practical device of war being able to carry weapons. Anthony Fokker and Louis Bleriot create the most successful of early modern biplanes known as the D-VII and D-VIII. Biplanes are eventually taken over by the monoplane, or one wing. This new design allowed for faster flight and better visibility for the pilot. Air-cooled engines lead the way for commercial aircraft, and Boeing introduces the first modern airliner the 247. Airplanes are effected the greatest by supply and demand of war. New styles of war begun to emerge so did new and improved types of aircraft. The population of the U.S. also begun to grow which leads to the modern most sophisticated commercial airliner the 777. Most aircraft improvements are found in the military and intelligence field. The most high tech aircraft known today for such things as spying are the SR-71 Blackbird, and the U-2 Spy plane. The most complicated and best aircraft performance is still held by the space shuttle and probably always will be. The last 200 years have seen incredible changes in aircraft from the man with wings to heavier than air flying machines that can travel at supersonic speeds.
Rolls-Royce Limited is a renowned British car manufacturing company and later, aero-engine manufacturing company founded by Charles Stewart Rolls and Sir Frederick Henry Royce on 15 March 1906 as the result of a partnership formed in 1904. In 1906 they launched the six-cylinder Silver Ghost that, within a year, was hailed as the best car in the world. Once again like the other companies I have covered Rolls Royce also created an outstanding product, which launched them on to the engineering scene, this was again a vital stage of the companies success. It would have brought them income that could then be reinvested in future developments, which allowed the company to grow and develop. At the start of the First World War the demand from the nation for military planes was increasing, this encouraged Royce to design his first aero engine, it was called the Eagle and it provided for almost half of the total engines in the skies at this point in time. The eagle also was the power behind the first direct transatlantic flight as well as the first flight from England to Australia. The late 1920s saw Rolls Royce develop the 'R' engine to power Britain's entry in the International Schneider Trophy seaplane contest. It established a new world air speed record of over 400mph in 1931. More importantly, these records gave Royce the funds and technological base to develop the Merlin, which he had begun to work on before his death in 1933. The Merlin powered two of the most influential