Research Paper On Freshwater Invertebrates

Brine Shrimp are a micro-crustacean that is found mostly in inland saltwater bodies, however, the salinity levels that they live in vary greatly. The conditions that they require can be made at home as the eggs (cysts) of the shrimp are dry, hard shells that can withstand drought and go without water for up to 50 years. This study presents the results of 3 different salinity levelled environments to the Brine shrimp in order to discover a salinity level that produces the most successful hatching rate. By filling 3 Petri dishes with 20mL’s of purified water, each dish contained varying sodium chloride amounts from 15ppt, 25ppt, and

We performed an experiment on crayfish focusing on their metabolic rates, via oxygen consumption, at two acclimated temperatures. Crayfish were either acclimated to a warm temperature (20 to 25C) or to a

Oyster reefs, giant populations of oysters, provide habitats for many other types of organisms such as worms, snails, sea squirts, sponges, small crabs, and fishes.

As previously mentioned Blue Crabs are highly susceptible to changes in environmental conditions. As an example, larvae require high salinity waters. Larvae require salinity of at least 20 ppt and below that threshold, there is poor likelihood of survival ability.

In the literature review, we stated that others have also shown that the higher the salinity, the higher chances of the brine shrimp surviving in the saltwater. We were uncertain about the brine shrimp of not having high survival rates in lower salinities, due to the brine shrimp species mainly don’t live in high salinity areas.

Learning about the easiest kind of fish to keep in a home aquarium is the first step towards ensuring you are an informed hobbyist; the next step is to learn about the different kinds of aquariums available and which type is best to duplicate a natural ecosystem aided by advanced technology to provide healthy air and water conditions for the inmates of the tank.

Brine shrimp are used as live food for aquatic life in aquariums. Brine shrimp are usually easy to hatch out, but water types may make a difference in their viability. This study is being conducted in order to see if there is any significant difference in the types of water used in hatching out brine shrimp eggs. In which type of water do brine shrimp eggs hatch best? By studying the different types of water that could be used and knowing which one provides a better hatch rate, a benefit will be seen by using the best type of water to hatch out future brine shrimp. I believe this project will set out to prove that brine shrimp eggs will hatch best in ocean water.

The early stages of their lives are spent on the intertidal flats and shallow water areas near their natal beaches. However, as they grow, they wander even farther from the shallow waters into deeper estuarine waters (Shuster, 1979) and are fully capable of excursions onto the continental shelf in search of prey when their habitat is threatened, or when the population becomes too dense (Sekiguchi & Shuster, 2011). Because they can tolerate and cope with wide ranging environmental conditions, especially temperature and salinity, they are classified as environmental generalists (Sekiguchi & Shuster, 2011). Limulus polyphemus are also regarded as dietary generalists; adult horseshoe crabs are omnivorous and feed on a wide variety of seabed invertebrates, including crustaceans, gastropods, polychaetes, bivalves (Botton et al. 2003; Botton, 2009), and even algae (Cartwright-Taylor, 2015). When the crabs encounter patches of their preferred prey, such as bivalves, they have been known to feed extensively, packing their guts with the shells (Botton,

The shell of Limulus polyphemus frequently serves as substrate for a large number of epibionts, such as barnacles, mussels, oysters, polychaetes, slipper limpets, algae and other encrusting invertebrates ( Botton, 2009; Botton et al. 2015). The term epibiosis is used to describe a non-symbiotic, facultative association between the substrate organism and sessile animals (epizoans) or epiphytic algae (Botton, 2009). Using horseshoe crabs as a substrate may be advantageous for the epibionts in that it aids in gene dispersal and feeding opportunities (Botton & Shuster, 2003). Because horseshoe crabs are migratory, any of the organisms that live on them must be able to survive the same wide range of temperatures and salinities as their hosts (Botton, 2009).

Giving the specimens two more days to develop we checked them midweek. We found that out of the percentage of surviving specimens (those that actually hatched) a vast majority seemed to be thriving. However similar to the hatch rate there did not seem to be a clear trend favoring one color of light over the other. We did find that the dish deprived of light seemed to consistently have a better hatch rate as well as survival rate after birth. These finding seemed to support our original hypothesis that the colored wavelengths would negatively affect the brine shrimp development.

I started out with one rose bubble tip anemone but it got so big that it turned into two. It did this several times and now I have five of them. My lights are T-5 metal halides which are good and my corals are growing at a fast rate and the lights are getting old and I plan to upgrade to LED’s because they are more efficient and I can have multiple bulbs that I can switch back and forth from. I have a tiger pistol shrimp and yellow watch man goby in this tank. They are really cool I always see them fixing their burrow. They are always moving sand out of it and grabbing shells to cover the entrance of their burrow. Sometimes they will block off the entrance with a shell and then come out on the other side of the tank. They are cool and awesome but they are the most annoying thing in there right now. They will push sand out and cover my corals and I have to brush the sand off. One time they dug under the rocks and all the rocks collapsed and fell in. I had to rearrange everything and I had multiple coral deaths because they got stuck in the rocks. I also currently have a 25 gallon tank underneath the display tank that has all the filtering. It has a protein skimmer and a lot of live rock and a return pump to get the

When you think of fierce underwater creatures, the tiny shrimp may not come to mind among the water giants such as killer whales, the great white shark, manta rays, and others. But yet, when you are eating that scrumptious thing, don’t you find that shell a bit troublesome?

If things have been little slow, the shrimp will rock or dance harder and more of them might join in. When the fish arrives the shrimp goes to work crawling over the fish picking off any dead scales and parasites the fish may have. They are even apt at cleaning the gills of the fish allowing the fish to breathe easier. (Becker et al., 2004)

Four different pH levels were used by Gonzalez-Bernat, et al. (2013) and included a control pH of 8.09 matching the ambient conditions, pH 7.8 and pH 7.6 which are expected near future levels, and pH 7.0 illustrating an extreme situation. At each of these pH levels, tests were done on fertilization success, larval survival and larval growth. Larval growth took into account body length, body width, stomach width, stomach length and mouth width when assessing if morphological variations took place due to differences in

The concentration of solutes in the bodily fluids of most marine invertebrates is roughly isosmotic to their environment (Raven, 2008). Because there is no osmotic gradient there is no tendency for the net diffusion of water away from the animal’s cells to occur. When a change in salinity occurs some organisms have the ability to maintain a constant internal homeostasis despite these external changes and are known as osmoregulators (Oxford, 2008). Other animals lack this ability and as such are called osmoconformers; their internal osmolarity matches that of their