Research Paper On Lymphoma

Lymphoma is the name given to a cancer that infects the lymphatic system. In a case of lymphoma the lymphatic system has cells that multiply and cannot be stopped. There are two main types of lymphoma, Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is called

Thesis Statement: Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, although rare, can be fatal and it is important to be informed on the cause, symptoms, and treatments to further your awareness and provide a better understanding on the dynamics of this disease.

Cancer is defined as the disease caused by an uncontrollable division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. The particular cancer that I️ researched is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) which is a type of cancer that begins in the cells of the lymph system. (Lymphoma) The lymph system is a part of the immune system. Lymph tissue is found all throughout the body; therefore, Lymphoma can begin from almost any part of the body since the major sites of lymph tissue are the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, thymus, digestive tract, and adenoids and tonsils. (What) “In most cases, it is not known what causes Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.” (Risk) Some risk factors of NHL are beyond our control such as age and gender but usually they are acquired rather than inherited. (Risk) NHL begins in white blood cells called lymphocytes. (What) There are two main types of lymphocytes: B lymphocytes ( B cells) and T lymphocytes (T cells). B cells normally create antibodies to

HCL is a rare chronic type of leukemia. Many people that are diagnosed live long good quality lives with medical care. Some signs and symptoms are fever with no cause, chills, frequent infections, weight loss, pale skin, fatigue, SOB. Diagnosing HCL involves lots of blood testing and bone marrow tests. There are several types of approaches to treatments for HCL. Depending on the stage you are in will determine the treatment that is recommended for you. Chemo therapy, splenectomy, watch and wait, or clinical trials. Most patients will begin treatment immediately.

There are a wide range of cancers that affect numerous parts of a person’s body system and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is one of them. It is a type of lymphoma is created in the immune system, specifically the lymphatic system. With this system, the body is protected

Treatment of lymphoma may cause fibrosis and necrosis in lymph nodes which can limit size-based response assessments. In 1999, the IWG criteria commonly known as Cheson criteria, defined five categories of clinical response based on CT imaging of lesion size for non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) [36]. Original criteria had limitations such as a high variability, the failure to consider 18FDG-PET, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry and the failure to take into account non-nodal disease. Revised criteria by the IWG published in 2007, were applied to NHL and also Hodgkin's disease [37]. It integrates 18FDG-PET, IHC, and flow cytometry into original criteria which adds more sensitivity to both staging and evaluation of treatment response.

Leukemia cells are abnormal; they cannot help the body fight off any infections. Leukemia takes down your immune system very fast. With this in affect people who have leukemia do get many infections. The patient may also have too few healthy red blood cells and platelets. In acute leukemia the patient develops symptoms suddenly, and are diagnosed when they go to the doctor because they feel sick. In chronic leukemia, symptoms may not appear for a long time. When the symptoms do appear they are mild at first but gradually get worse. Some of the common symptoms are fever, flu-like symptoms, weakness, infections, loss of weight and appetite, easy bleeding/bruising, tiny red spots underneath skin, sweating mainly at night, and bone or joint pain.

There are three different treatments for Hodgkin and most patients respond well, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and stem cell transplant ("Leukaemia & Lymphoma Research"). Chemotherapy is the main combination of anti-cancer drugs. To have the best result these drugs need to be taken in a sequence. Due to specific diagnosis and stages of their disease patients will be given different protocols. Radiotherapy for some patients could be used along with chemotherapy. This uses high energy rays to kill cancer cells and during treatment shows decrease in the disease ("Leukaemia & Lymphoma Research"). Stem cell transplant is used when all the other treatments are unsuccessful. “This treatment is the most intensive form and most cases patients have these transplant using their own stem cells which is called autologous transplant” ("Leukaemia & Lymphoma Research"n.d.pg6 para 3). There are different treatments for the three stages early, late, relapsed or refractory. In early stage 1 and 2 the widely used treatment is chemotherapy ("Leukaemia & Lymphoma Research"). Radiotherapy could follow to areas where lymph nodes are enlarged. The next is late stage 3 and 4 they will be advised to take part in clinical trial if meet criteria. If doesn’t meet the criteria then chemotherapy will be used yet it is a higher doses than in the earlier stages. Specific clinical trials are directed to older patients and any age with

One of the types of leukemias is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) an acute form of leukemia that is cancer of the white blood cells. It is characterized by the accumulation of malignant immature lymphoid cells in the bone marrow called lymphoblast. It is mainly a childhood disease, occurring rarely in adults thereupon it’s been reported to be the most malignancy in children, representing one third of pediatric

There are two general types of lymphoma which are Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. They are two opposites when it comes to how they act towards the body and how they are

Leukemia which is also known as blood cancer is a malignant progressive disease in which the bone marrow and other blood-forming organs produce increased numbers of abnormal leukocytes. There is no known reason of what actually causes the cancer leukemia but they do believe that it involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some of the common symptoms of leukemia is feeling weak, weight loss, bruising easily and many of other things. There are different types of leukemia the most common types are Acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) , Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) , and Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

Cancer occurs when in the body abnormal cells starts growing rapidly and gets out-of-control. Usually, normal cells grow, divide into more cells and die in the end. When people are at their early ages of life, the normal cells divides more quickly until we start growing into adults. Later, the cells in most parts of the body splits only when a replacement is needed to the worn-out or dying cells and or to repair injuries. Cancer cells are different from normal cells, because normal cells replace old cells. Whereas, cancer cells only grow and divides themselves rapidly. These cancer cells do not die and instead they outlive the normal cells and continuously form new abnormal cells. When there has been some damage

Rosen declares “Leukemia is different from other types of cancer that start in organs such as the lungs, colon, or breast and then spread to bone marrow” (n.p.). Leukemia is a cancer of the blood stream and bone marrow (Rosen n.p.). Rosen admits leukemia cells often multiply and mature and goes into the bloodstream once they leave the bone marrow (n.p.). The bone marrow is the spongy squish part in the center of the bones (n.p.). The cells can partly mature but not completely (Rosen n.p.). Rosen mentions if the leukemia cells are in the blood they can spread to any organ in the body (n.p.). Leukemia starts in the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow (Rosen n.p.). A change in the cells takes place in an early immature version of other

Cancer is one of the most feared diseases, and it can affect all parts of the body, including the blood. Leukemia and lymphoma are both blood cancers. Leukemia and Lymphoma have serval things in common. First, both are result from problems with white blood cells. “In leukemia, bone marrow produces too many white blood cells that do not naturally die off in the method that usual aging blood cells do”. [1] “Lymphoma is a kind of blood cancer that affects your lymphatic system, an important part of your immune system, which helps to protect your body from infection and disease” .[1] Lymphoma frequently begin in the lymph nodes, which are slight tissues that support in your body’s fight against infection. [2] Certain kinds of lymphoma also may

More than half a million people are expected to die of cancer this year. That is more than one thousand and five hundred a day, an average of half men and one third women will develop cancer. (Google) These statistics should make individuals cringe at the fact that those numbers could silently be containing them, they just do not know it yet. Confidently, this essay should inform civilizations of the potential symptoms, as well as, the effects that this deadly disease has on societies family and friends. As well as, what we can do to try and prevent it from taking over more people than it already has.