Research Paper On Ovarian Cancer

Cancer starts with the normal cells in our bodies. Normal cells divide in processes called Mitosis and Meiosis which is how our bodies grow, heal and repair and when cells become old or are damaged, they die and new cells are created. However, when this cell division process goes wrong the cells become abnormal. Cell abnormalities occur when the cell makes errors whilst copying the genes. As the cell becomes more abnormal, the old and damaged cells do not die when they are supposed to but the new cells, that are supposed to go in place of the dead cells, are still produced. The extra cells divide uncontrollably which is how a tumour is formed.

There is no true known reason why women get cancer, but there are several scenarios that can increase the risk of getting breast cancer, most genetic and lifestyle choices. Age is a scenario that increases the chance of getting breast cancer. Women between age 50 and age 70 are where 8 out of 10 breast cancer

A family history of breast cancer may increase your risk of breast cancer. But just because someone in your family has breast cancer does not mean you will have it too. About 75% of patients with breast cancer do not have a family history of breast cancer early menstruation, late menopause - Menstruation before the age of 12 and menopause after the age of 50 can increase your risk of cancer.

Epithelial tumors about ninety percent of ovarian cancer develop in the epithelium, which is the thin sheet of tissue that protects the ovaries. This form of ovarian cancer generally occurs in postmenopausal women. Germ cell carcinoma, making up about five percent of ovarian cancer causes, begins in the cells that form eggs. Germ cell carcinoma can transpire in any woman; however, it tends to be found in women who are just entering adulthood. There are several different varieties of germ cell carcinoma that exist, but the three most familiar types are teratomas, dysgerminomas and endodermal sinus tumors. Most of the tumors that surface in the germ cells are not cancerous. However, stromal carcinoma tumors ovarian stromal carcinoma are malignant, accounting for about five percent of ovarian cancer cases. These tumors emerge in the connective tissue cells that connect the ovaries together and those that produce female hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. The two most common types of tumors are granulosa cell tumors and sertoli leydig cell tumors. In contrast to epithelial ovarian carcinoma, 70 percent of stromal carcinoma cases are detected when they are in the beginning stage. Small cell carcinoma of the ovaries is a rare, distinctly c tumor that affects primarily young women whom have an average age of 24 years old. The subtypes of small cell carcinoma of the ovaries includes pulmonary, neuro-endocrine and hypercalcemic small cell carcinoma of the ovaries accounts for 0.1 percent of ovarian cancer instances. Approximately two thirds of patients with small cell carcinoma ovaries have hypercalcemia which is when there is an abundant amount of calcium in the blood. (``Types of Ovarian Cancer``,

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a common gynecological cancer that has affected many women of all ages. This disease is the leading cause of cancer related death and has killed many every year. Ovarian cancer is a disease in which cancerous tumors begin to grow in your ovaries and pelvic region and then spread further to other major organs. Fertility drugs, health habits, obesity and genetics all contribute to the risk of developing ovarian cancer. A few ways to treat epithelial ovarian cancer involve surgery, chemotherapy, platinum-based drugs, and growth inhibitors.

Cancer starts in cells. Cells make up tissues and tissues make up the body's organs. As the body needs new cells, normal cells grow and divide to create them. Cells eventually age or get damaged, thus allowing new cells to take their place. Unfortunately, the body sometimes makes mistakes and new cells may form when the body doesn't necessarily need them. Old or damaged cells also may not die like they're supposed to. A tumor is then formed due to the buildup of extra cells.

Ovarian cancer is less common, with a projected 22, 440 new cases. However, it carries a much higher mortality rate.

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer related to the ovaries. It currently accounts for approximately 3% of all cancers in women. Ovaries are comprised of three types of cells, each of them being able to differentiate into a type of cancer. These three types are epithelial, germ, and stromal cells. The most common type of ovarian cancer is derived from the epithelial cells. According to the American Cancer Society, ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from all types of cancer that are related to the female reproductive system. Moreover, it is estimated that approximately 55% of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer die in the first 5 years of diagnosis. However, if the tumor is diagnosed before the age of 65, this percentage decreases.

What it actually is: Cancer is nothing but a group of disease which is characterized by uncontrolled spread and growth of abnormal cells in the body and can affect any part of the human body. There can

Ovaries are a pair of female sex organs that store and release eggs in the process of the reproductive system. Ovarian cancer is located in the ovaries where uncontrollable multiplication of cancer cells occur (Garnick, 2014). Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death in women in the United States (Su, 2013). There are over 200,000 new cases each year worldwide and it is common in women over the age of 60 (Brain, 2014). The high mortality rate of ovarian cancer is caused by the lack of a screening techniques to detect it early on (Visintin et al, 2008). Epithelial ovarian cancer, borderline ovarian tumors, germ cell ovarian cancer, and stromal ovarian cancer are four types of ovarian cancer. There are various stages to ovarian

There is still ongoing research that scientists are working on because the cause of ovarian cancer is not definite. Experts don't know precisely what causes ovarian cancer. Genetics, such as DNA changes, are a risk factor for some women. Some are understood to be caused by gene mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. The risk for women who have these gene changes is much greater than for women without them. Age, estrogen hormone replacement therapy, age when menstruation started and ended, and smoking are also thought to be risk factors.

Ovarian cancer is a malignant form of cancer that develops from the ovary and it is unlikely to be discovered by most patients during its early stages because its symptoms are very delicate. The fact that prognosis is sometimes difficult to perform makes it impossible for some individuals to be able to effectively fight the tumor. Many women are unable to understand that changes occurring in their bodies are actually a result of ovarian cancer. Hundreds of thousands of women worldwide are diagnosed with ovarian cancer every year and it is thus essential for society to have a complex understanding of the disease, its symptoms, and methods of coping with it.

The initial treatment for all stages is surgery because it facilitates chemotherapy by decreasing the number of cells that the chemotherapy has to kill. The surgery includes total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with omentectomny and removal of as much of the tumor as possible. Chemotherapy may be necessary if the tumor is smaller than 2 cm and is confined to the abdominopelvic area without involvement of the kidneys or liver. The typical course of chemotherapy generally requires three to six cycles. Based on the stages of ovarian cancer, other treatment options include intraperitoneal and systemic chemotherapy, intraperitoneal instillation of radioisotopes, and external abdominal and pelvic radiation therapy. Chemotherapy

cancer is a collection ofrelated diseases and it can start almost anywhere in the human body. Cancer occurs when cells begin to grow and myltiply in an uncontrolled way. This is because cells usually kills itself when it is damaged or grow old, but when abnormal cells don't kill itself but replicate again and again witout stoping cancer happens.

There are many different types of treatment for cervical cancer but it depends on several things like what stage the cancer is in, size and/or shape of the tumor, the age of a woman, her general health, and her desire of having more children later on. Destroying