Respiratory Acidosis Case Study

presented with chest pain and an exacerbation of chronic iron deficiency anemia. The patient was examined and given a chest x-ray along with and ECG to assess heart function. The patient complained of shortness of breath and a tight feeling in his chest when he was breathing. The patient has history is sick sinus syndrome, therefore the patient was aware of the symptoms and has felt them before. The patient’s medical history also includes obesity, hypertensive heart disease, A-Fib, CAD, venous stasis ulcers, and a history of EtOH abuse. The patient presented with +1 pitting edema in the lower extremities, with a cool temperature symmetrically. The patient’s capillary refill was less than 3 seconds with Dorsalis pedis pulses +1 and Posterior tibialis pulses +1 symmetrically. The patient’s vital signs were BP-112/69, RR-20, P-70, T-36.2 degrees C and SpO2 94% on room air. The patient’s white blood cell count was within normal limits, therefore an infection is not suspected. The patient’s BMI was 35, therefore considering him obese. Since the patient presented with chest pain, the patient was given a medication to control his heart rhythm and

Respiratory acidosis is a condition closely related to patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). According to Ranson & Pierre, respiratory acidosis is characterized by lab values including an increased amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood and a lower, more acidic pH level (2016). More specifically, a CO2 value greater than 26 mEq/L and a pH level below 7.35 (Ranson & Pierre, 2016). These lab values signify the lungs inability to effectively eliminate the CO2 produced by the body. In turn, this produces “more carbonic acid H2CO3, which then increases the acidity of the blood” (Wasserman, 2017).

Respiratory acidosis is a condition that occurs when the lungs cannot remove all the carbon dioxide the body produces. This causes body fluids, especially the blood, to become too acidic. Chronic respiratory acidosis occurs over a long period of time, this leads to a stable situation, because the kidneys increase body chemicals, such as bicarbonate, that help restore the body’s acid-base balance. Acute respiratory acidosis is a condition in which carbon dioxide builds up quickly, before the kidneys can return the body to a state of balance. Some of the symptoms may include: confusion, fatigue, lethargy, shortness of breath, and sleepiness. Some causes of

The normal blood pH is between 7.35 and 7.45. Allen’s blood was acidotic due to a decrease in lung expansion and an alteration in the perfusion to his spinal cord. He also has an alteration in spinal innervation to the respiratory muscles including the phrenic nerve that controls the diaphragm. This would further cause Allen to not be able to adequately take in enough oxygen and blow off enough CO2 to adequately have gas exchange, within the alveoli. Respiratory failure.

Another follow up ABG at 0100 shows a small improvement on the Ph to 7.18, the Pco2 became more acidotic moved to 53, the Po2 improved to 77 which shows he is oxygenating better but still hypoxic, his Hco3 acidosis is improving at a change to 19.8, and sating 91% now. The Pt is now breathing at a rate has come down to 10 BPM on his own above and beyond the vent. After consulting with the physician we changed the Vt to 600 and the pressure support to 20 and Cpap to 15. The Pt continued on these settings till 0415. The physician then made the change to Bi-level with the settings of a rate of 14 pressure support of 25, and an H/L pressure of 35/15. The Pt at this time is pulling a Vt of 745 and a spontaneous rate of 17 and still at 100% Fio2 and sating 92%. This is the point when the Pt makes the turn. The Bi-level or APRV was the proper setting for this Pt. He continued to improve over the next several days with his peek pressure climbing to 40. The Pt continues these settings and slowly improves and eventually weaned from the ventilator till the Pt no longer needs support.

Mr. Joseph is a 56-year-old has 30 smoking pack years. He was diagnosed 10 years ago with asthma/chronic bronchitis, arthritis of the knees, and congestive heart failure (CHF). Mr. Joseph weighs 350 pounds with a height of 6 feet, making his body mass index (BMI) of 47.5, much more than the recommended 25, and in fact his BMI places him in the morbid obesity classification. He takes medicines for his pulmonary conditions, along with a diuretic.

Mr. C’s laboratory values need to be stabilized, body temperature and pulse rate decreased, blood pressure increased, weaned of the oxygen by nasal cannula an increase his urine output. Many of the signs and symptoms experienced are related to local and systemic complications of the disease process. His uncle stated that he has nausea and vomiting for the past few day and this caused many of the electrolyte imbalance (Urden, Linda D; Stacy, Kathleen M; Lough, Mary E;, 2016).

ii. Report severe dizziness, weakness, drowsiness that persists, rash or skin lesions, palpitations, edema of the extremities; visual changes; difficulty voiding

The possible causes of this acid base imbalance are the vomiting and the overuse of antacids. As the name implies it is bicarbonate which has been added to the body. The vomiting reduces the extracellular fluid and this in turn leads to a release of angiotensin and aldersterone. This release then increases the bicarbonate absorption and increased hydrogen ion and potassium excreted. This patient may also have hypokalemia which is very common in metabolic alkalosis and would need to be replaced if it occurred ( Thomas, 2015). The respiratory rate would also slow to try and compensate for the alkalosis.

Elevations in blood glucose and insulin levels have been reported in HH. Patients with HH are susceptible to Type 2 diabetes since there is significant death of beta cells in the pancreas.14 Other potential clinical features included heart failure, impotence in males, and arthralgia. It is essential to have an early diagnosis to diminish any life-threatening side

Another important health problem that Mr. Wilson has is a disturbed sleep pattern. This problem can be as a result of the breathing problems Mr. Wilson has, especially when lying flat (eds Bare et al. 2011), as he mentioned when he was admitted. It is a consequence of the increase in pulmonary circulation pressure. If the pressure in the pulmonary circulation increases, it causes fluid to shift into the alveoli because the impaired left ventricle cannot eject the increased amount of blood (eds Bare et al. 2011). According to Bare et al. (eds 2011), the fluid filled alveoli cannot exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. Without sufficient amount oxygen, the patient experiences dyspnoea and experiences a difficulty in getting an

On preoperative examination, the patient complained of respiratory difficulty, on a nasal catheter with O2 therapy and both lungs had diminished air entry. Baseline heart rate and blood pressure were 80 beats/min and 250/115 mmHg respectively. Also, Physical examination of this

Respiratory: Respiratory acidosis is a condition where too much carbon dioxide builds up in the body, specifically in the lungs. Some of the symptoms of respiratory acidosis are drowsiness, confusion, shortness of breath, sleepiness, and headaches. If caught early, the symptoms can be treated and a full recovery is possible. Some common causes of respiratory acidosis are asthma, an injury to the chest, obesity, sedative misuse, overuse of alcohol, chest muscle weakness, nervous system issues, and deformed chest structures. Treatment plans for respiratory acidosis include oral drugs to dilate airways or a CPAP device. A CPAP device is a continuous positive airway pressure device. This device opens up airways and helps many people breathe

This patient is not is need of oxygen at this time. As noted by Woo and Wynne (2012), administration of supplemental oxygen is done in the presence of hypoxemia to avoid organ damage (pg. 1016). This patient has reported shortness of breath, however the objective assessment reveals a respiratory rate of twenty and no use of accessory muscles or retractions.

Metabolic acidosis results from all conditions that decrease the pH of the body fluids below 7.35 and HCO3- levels are <22 mEq/L, with the exception of conditions resulting from altered function of the respiratory system. As hydrogen ions accumulate in the body fluids, buffers first resist a decline in pH. If the buffers cannot compensate for the increase in hydrogen ions, the respiratory center helps regulate the body fluid pH. The reduced pH stimulates the respiratory center, which causes hyperventilation. During hyperventilation, carbon dioxide is eliminated at a greater rate. The elimination of carbon dioxide also eliminates excess hydrogen ions and helps maintain the pH of the body fluids within a normal range. (Angus, 2006)