Respiratory Tract Diseases

Many people take breathing for granted, some never give it a second thought until a problem presents itself. Respiratory diseases affect millions of Americans as well as people from all over the world. Anyone can suffer from these disorders to include men, women, and children, with conditions ranging from mild, moderate, to chronic in nature. This paper will focus on one of the many respiratory disease called mycobacterium tuberculosis; more commonly referred to as TB.

Lungs: Diminished breath sounds in all lung fields. Resonant to percussion. No wheezes, rales, or rhonchi. Symmetric chest expansion. Breathing nonlabored.

The normal breath sounds are called Bronchial and Vesicular. The inspiratory phase is usually louder than the expiratory phase. Bronchial breath sounds are not normally heard over the thorax in resting animals they are normally heard over the trachea and larynx. Otherwise, bronchial sounds heard over the thorax would suggest lung consolidation or disease. Vesicular breath sounds consist of a low whisper inspiratory phase followed by a short silent expiratory phase. Since vesicular breath sounds are normally absent or silent, increased intensity can be associated with pulmonary consolidation. (Egan’s 10th Ed, 2013) The abnormal breath sounds for a CF patient are called rhonchi, most commonly heard at the end of inspiration or even early expiration and have a gurgling quality to them. Rhonchi are classified as low pitched. Rhonchi breath sounds are associated with diseases of larger airways such as cystic fibrosis. Rhonchi are caused by some sort of blockage whether it be mucus, lesions, or foreign bodies. In this case the rhonchi breath sound is caused by extremely thick mucus blockages. ( Cystic Fibrosis, rightdiagnosis.com) A complete blood count is done to measure the amount of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The normal results for a white blood cell count is 4,500-10,000 per microliter. For a cystic fibrosis patient their white blood cell count is elevated because

Lungs: Diminished breath sounds in all lung fields. Resonant to percussion. No wheezes, rales, or rhonchi. Symmetric chest expansion. Breathing nonlabored.

Respiratory problems have been a thing in canada as well in most countries. But Canada is becoming a high risk for influenza. To go more into depth about respiratory diseases it includes other breathing problems such as asthma,tuberculosis,bronchiolitis,emphysema,cystic fibrosis and pneumonia. In the past decade the number of people in Canada haven’t contracted the disease. Studies have shown that in canada that men have a higher chance to have COPD other that women,but women are more known to report it.

The right side of heart will increase in size as the muscle builds up and the heart rate will increase due to compensation for the left ventricle. With auscultation, the lungs will sound crackly from the liquid in the alveoli and interstitial space and when assessing respiration rate it is likely to be above thirty breaths per minute (Lewis et al., 2014). The patient may report that they are experiencing dyspnea, nocturia, fatigue, and a productive coughing. They may appear anxious and their skin may look pale (Lewis et al., 2014).

Lungs: Clear to auscultation bilaterally. No wheezes, rales, or rhonchi. Symmetric chest expansion. Breathing nonlabored. Diminished breath sounds in all lung fields. Resonant to percussion.

-Auscultate the breath sounds. This will indicates any occurrence of additional complications such as accumulation of fluid.

Lungs: Upon auscultation, lungs are clear, no dyspnea, wheezing, or crackles. Dyspnea could be a sign of pulmonary embolism, asthma, pneumonia, and pneumothorax. Wheezing could be a sign of anaphylaxis reaction, asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, RSV, COPD, and sleep apnea. Crackles could indicate congestive heart failure, atelectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary edema,

in children it is often accompanied by a ‘whoop’ sound as the individual tries to inhale.

Respiratory: nNormal breath sounds present in all lung fields; no wheezing, rattles, crackles, or rhonchi

Shortness of breath and sudden chest pain are the primary symptoms. The chest pain is typically localized to the affected side. Tiredness may also be a symptom.

Wheezing is a High-pitched, whistling sound which occur when air moves through narrowed breathing tubes in the lungs. The nurse should administer quick relief or rescue medications such as bronchodilators or inhaled steroids as ordered. Bronchodilators open the airway for maximum effectiveness. Auscultate breath sounds. Auscultate breath sounds as indicated by the patient’s condition. An increase or decrease in adventitious breath sound may indicate respiratory status change and this will prompt intervention.

Monitoring of intake and output in order to identify and evaluating the negative balance that is more output than input as evidence of pulmonary crackles, distended bilateral jugular vein and decrease breath sound

Respiratory: Lung sounds are clear on auscultation without rales, rhonchi, or wheezes. Respiration unlabored with