In this case study, Miguel clearly shows difficulties in reading. The difficulties stated include: recognizing alphabet letters (alphabetic awareness), matching sounds to letters (letter-sound correspondence), telling sounds apart (sounding out), starting/ending sounds (sounding out), and remembering words quickly (sight word reading) (Meet Miguel, n.d.). In order to address these difficulties, the authors would approach this problem in a two pronged manner: 1) immediate bridge methods for learning, and 2) RTI approach.
Response to Intervention (RTI), is an early detection, prevention, and support system that attempts to identify and assist struggling students with appropriate levels of intervention. This strategy may determine if a student based on their time prior in Tier 3, would be qualified for special education with a qualification of learning disability. The RTI has three tiers which allows a teacher to monitor their student’s progress during instructions. The three levels of the RTI are explained through an article called, “Understanding Response to Intervention”, which states:
Response to Intervention (RTI) is an in school service program designed to guarantee that all students are getting a high quality education. Before students are referred for special education services, it is essential that they receive effective teaching designed to meet their own learning requirements. All students in public schools are required to be included in the RTI program.
What advice would you give teachers and administrators who indicated that they had school-wide problems with behavior? Advice that I would share with teachers or administrators that indicated experiencing issues with student behavior would be to employ the fundamental principles of RTI to support appropriate behaviors in the school. Tier 1 of the school wide behavioral support program would be to screen for behavior problems. The school could also establish school wide behavior expectations along with consequences and procedures for all students. Teachers would be encouraged to develop positive classroom experiences for all students. Tier 2 of the model would provide intervention and additional supports for students with behavioral issues. If the behavioral model and supports did not improve the overall behavioral outcomes for the students, then more intensive interventions could be implemented. Another suggestions that I would give to teachers and administrators would be to implement a positive social skills program such as Stop and Think, Conscious Discipline, or Great Expectations. All of these programs promote positive social skills, along with providing students and teachers the tools for dealing with behavior
In the article, “Response to Intervention in Reading for English Language Learners”, the authors Sharon Vaughn and Alba Ortiz explain, how much native language and/or ESL instruction students receive depends on the program model. Students in English as a second language programs do not receive native language instruction; they are typically educated within general education classrooms and have a support program for English as a Second Language. In planning Response to Intervention approaches, it is significant to recognize the program in which English language learners are registered, how their native language and English proficiency is measured and observed, and the core literacy program they have for development of
In order for a student to be diagnosed for any disability, there is a process that involves many people that are important in the child’s life. The school must conduct tests that measure the child’s academic success in the classroom, as well as tests that measure IQ (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children), work samples, developmental history (usually get this information from the parents), physical exams (vision, hearing etc.), psychological tests, adaptive skills (BASC) and other areas as needed. Testing is usually done by professionals from various disciplines. In order to qualify for special education services under IDEA, the disability must impact the child’s ability to be academically successful (IDEA, 2004).
This week the topic we covered was over Special Education. While reading the text the information on Response to Intervention (RTI) really stood out to me. According to the text, RTI is a concept used to identify students who may have a learning disability (Walsh, p. 94). I am all for providing more focus interventions to students who are struggling in regular education. The way it operates on my campus, RTI is operated through P.E.classes only. RTI pullouts take place at the start of each class period. The pullouts can last up to 45 minutes. I question the effectiveness of the RTI pullouts because I have students that try to skip the intervention because they rather stay in P.E. To minimize the skipping, if my aide is present, I
This paper focuses on the Response to Intervention. As educators we are hearing RTI more frequently in the school districts than ever before. Many educators and state officials agree that all teachers should know and get to know the benefits and importance of RTI. The most crucial aspect to know is the RTI takes place into the regular childhood classroom; this is not something that just special education teachers need to know. This paper explains the purpose and a brief history of RTI. The paper offers ways that it is beneficial for school districts to implement this research based program. However, as in many systems there are always challenges, the paper briefly discusses some of the challenges that educators
The Response to Intervention (RTI) process was instituted as part of the 2004 Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) (Johnston, 2010). The law allowed states to spend some of the funds earmarked for special education on general classroom instructional practices in the hopes that these additional supports would decrease the number of students referred for special education and distinguish students with learning disabilities so that they could get the educational assistance they need in a timely fashion (Johnston, 2010). This represented a departure from the previous manner by which students with learning disabilities were identified, that being the discrepancy model (Johnston, 2010). This paper will outline the RTI process by following the
Response to Intervention is defined in the book as the multi-tiered framework for addressing academic skills. There is three level of tiers, primary instruction or primary prevention, secondary intervention or secondary prevention, tertiary intervention or tertiary prevention. This approach if given to the students so they do not have to be failing in third or fourth grade, before they are provided with this intervention to help them succeed in reading. The students are given research based teaching in their classroom to help them with their reading , if so they are struggling the teacher will be able to catch it in their earlier years, such as the first or second grade.
Summarize the intent of the framework: The Response to intervention framework is intended to benefit teaching as well as learning. The essential mission of the context and Response to Intervention is to allow districts to give all students opportunities to learn at high levels and to provide the support to reach goals set. The special education guidelines have been approved by The Tennessee State board of Education in terms of Specific Learning Disabilities (SLDs). The model is set up to give struggling students an alternative from going straight into special education. The Tennessee Department of Education dedicated many professional development opportunities to insure all districts were informed and ready for the changes with the commitment to generate a RTI program that works statewide that is strong, reliable, and simple to follow. Students will be given the chance to receive early intervention as an alternative to previous practices implemented.
Response to Intervention, RTI, has the potential to improve struggling readers’ education. When used in providing early intervention, RTI ensures that all students are given high-quality research-based instruction with a curriculum that is practical, but also rigorous. It can curtail the development of substantial reading difficulties, and reduce inappropriate referrals and placements in special education services. The scenario provided does not give enough crucial data needed; therefore, we can only assume without progress monitoring and assessments. Progress monitoring data is used to determine whether a student is responding successfully to an instructional approach, and it can be used to decide if the student is meeting grade-level expectations
I was able to interview Mr. West, the school counselor, at my placement about Response to Intervention (RtI). He stated that they use three different forms of intervention utilizing the three tier program. The first tier is started by the student’s teacher. She assesses the student and fills out paperwork that states the specific disability and what extra help she is providing. She will also document any health concerns, attendance issues and the best time to see the disability. She will then have the nurse process a vision and hearing test. If the student fails this exam then the RtI process is stopped until the student is seen by a doctor for these problems. If they pass the RtI process continues and the teacher must observe the student
Response to intervention, also known as RTI, is a multi-tiered system for early identification and a process that implements support for students with learning and behavioral needs. There is no standardized system for RTI, therefore there are variations and many ways to implement and initiate these services. Typically these services are broken down into steps or tiers, in order to ensure all students are being universally screened and are receiving the help they need.
Response to Intervention (RtI) is a “data-driven and structured procedure for analyzing students’ learning problems” (Friend 49). The purpose of RtI is to use a systematic approach of increasing interventions for students in order to determine if a student has a learning disability. IRtI is a great program for school to use to help students but it is not mandated by IDEA.