Review Of ' Biosemantics ' Millikan 's Goal For `` Biosementaics ``

“disrupts, denaturalizes, re-articulates, and makes visible the normative linkages we generally assume to exist between the biological specificity of the sexually differentiated human body”

* to explain the connections of the elements of consciousness to the nervous system. (New World Encyclopaedia 2008)

| -Observing natural situations gives natural behaviour (valid)-Rich data can be collected (Brain, C, 2000).-Can give an insight into the bigger picture-In can demonstrate sub-groups (University of Surrey, 2014).

1. Describe the function of the following pieces of safety equipment and how each might be used: (10 points)

The idea that mental states are non-reducible properties of brain states is the central tenant of a theory of mind called property dualism. However, before we can assess the theory we must be aware that the question assumes the existence of mental states and as such we cannot answer this question from some perspectives (e.g. eliminative materialism)

This perspective involves examining the physical aspects that affect a living thing’s behavior such as the brain, nervous system, and genetics.

The main assumption of the biological approach is behaviour and experiences can be explained by biological changes in the body. This approach focusses on the investigation of the brain, nervous system and other biological factors such as hormones; whereas the main assumption of the cognitive approach is that information received from our senses is processed by the brain and that this processing influences how we behave or at least justifies how we behave the way we do. Cognitive processes are examples of hypothetical constructs – researchers cannot directly observe processes such as thinking but we can infer what a person is thinking based on how they act (behavioural patterns). Some key researchers in the biological approach are Maguire et. Al (2000) - Navigation-related structural changes in the hippocampi of taxi drivers, and Sperry (1968) - Hemisphere disconnection and unity in consciousness. Some key researchers in the cognitive approach are Loftus and Palmer (1974) - eyewitness testimony and Baron-Cohen (1997) – Autism.

Scientists continue to find new ways to insert genes for specific traits into plant and animal DNA. A field of promise—and a subject of debate—genetic engineering is changing the food we eat and the world we live in.

Discuss the biological approach in psychology. Refer to at least one other approach in your answer. (12 marks)

Biological psychology is the study of how biology affects a number of psychological processes i.e. how the mind affects the body (Schacter, Gilbert, Wegner & Hood 2015). The study of the mind has had many influential figures throughout history that often use each other’s ideas as a stepping stone to further advance psychology, some of the first being Plato and Aristotle. Plato believed in nativism and theorised some skills and characteristics are innate and a person is born with them (Schacter et al, 2015). Aristotle, however, was in favour of philosophical empiricism i.e. that all knowledge is acquired through experience, yet current scientists do not consider that nativism and empiricism are entirely accurate (Schacter et al, 2015). Aristotle also believed that the brain existed to cool the blood, as during that time people were sceptical that an organ could be responsible for behaviour (Kolb, Whishaw & Teskey 2016). The next major advancement in biological psychology was the introduction of phrenology by Francis Gall, Gall’s theory suggested that all psychological capabilities had a specific place in the brain (Schacter et al, 2015). This theory later turned out to be correct, although was overshadowed by Gall’s insistence that he could state a person’s character dependant on the size of lumps and indentations on a person’s skull, which he thought would represent the size of that brain region beneath (Schacter et al, 2015). Due to this, in spite of a large following, phrenology was quickly discredited. Biologist Pierre Flourens, unhappy with Gall’s research, began removing localized areas of the brain in various animals to observe their behaviour (Schacter et al, 2015). Flourens then found that animal’s movements differed to those with intact brains. This mirrored a situation for surgeon Paul Broca with whom one of his patients had damage to the left side of

The intent of this document is to provide suggestion for the timeline to release Oxyglobin. I would recommend releasing Oxyglobin to the market as soon as possible.

The Representational Theory of Mind proposes that we, as both physiological and mental beings, are systems which operate based on symbols and interpretations of the meanings of such symbols rather than beings which operate just on physiological processes (chemical reactions and biological processes). It offers that humans and their Minds are computing machines, mental software (the Mind) which runs on physical hardware (the body). It suggests, too, that we are computing machines functioning as something other than a computing machine, just as every other machine does.

According to the Biomimicry Institute,”[Biomimicry] seeks sustainable solutions to human challenges by emulating nature 's time-tested patterns and strategies. The goal is to create products, processes, and policies—new ways of living—that are well-adapted to life on earth over the long haul.” To achieve this goal, industry and science have to come together to decreases toxins, decrease net greenhouse gas emissions, provide multi-use structure, find sustainable sourcing, and use returning logistics to monitor their work all while decreasing overall cost. Unfortunately this is a task even more complicated than it sounds, but with the help of The Biomimicry Institute as well as the majority of other Biomimicry organizations founded by Janine Benyus, Biomimicry is making its presence known more and more in our world today. Going beyond being the founder of multiple organizations, Janine Benyus is also an American natural sciences writer, innovation consultant, and author that recognized the forgotten genius in the natural world. To help others see what she saw, she took the concept of biomimicry and turned it into three key elements: Ethos, Reconnection, and Emulation. She then applied it to everything she could until it grew into the popular movement it is today.

Furthermore, yes I agree with the statement that the biological model does a better job at diagnosing disorders "rather than simply observing and assuming". This

looking at process rather than structure is a common attribute of modern psychology. As an