Review Of Related Literature Involving The Robustness Of The Environmental Kuznets Curve

(Kerin, Hartley, & Rudelius, 2010). These trends normally consist of five sources, social, economic, technological, competitive, and regulatory forces. My intention in this essay is to focus on one; the economic environmental force. I will discuss how the current state of the economy will impact completing an environmental scan. In order to evaluate how the economy will impact the completion of an environmental scan, it is essential to cover the concerns that affect the economic aspect whether people want to believe

The way I understand it, if I raise environmental taxes (Taxy) by 1%, then GDP (y) would expand by 0.345. According to Keynesian economics, raising taxes has a contractionary impact on the economy. We could be missing a third variable such as income. As incomes rises, government collects more tax revenue while the economy

My propose of writing this paper is to examine the current rate of climate change and its negative impacts, therefore, explaining why changes need to be made in the environmental governance for the betterment. This essay will answer the question that do changes in the environmental law effect the economic growth of the country? And if so is the implementation of environmental law still important.

Economic analysis that weighs all costs and benefits of a particular model must include environmental considerations. That is to say, the potential for short-term economic losses caused by conservation in the present, should be measured against the dividends that conservation will pay in the future (Nordhaus, 2007). If the earth is truly our most valuable commodity, then analysis under these conditions should recognize that if a “dollar value” were placed on environmental sustainability, more often than not it would outweigh any initial monetary loss resultant of the implementation of more sustainable practices.

Collier asserts that the poorest states are in need of rapid economic growth which creates tension between poverty reduction and the perversion of nature. This is most evident in China where their desire to grow economically has come at the price of pollution. While China has grown exponentially economically and have reduced poverty, this growth is not sustainable due to their negligence of the environment. The level of pollution in major cities has hurt the Chinese economy because individuals are refusing to do business there due to health concerns. This effects Chinese businesses and their tourism industry. More times than not, states will choose economic growth, however, in the long run this choice will negatively impact their economy.

As to environment, Boudreaux demonstrates that on a nation by-nation premise, rising salaries associate with rising environmental performance. Call it the environmental Phillips Curve or, as Boudreaux composes, having overcome the craving, disease and housing challenges that still torment individuals in poorer countries, Americans can now better stand to address hurts that are less quick and theoretical. He means that politicians ought to recall whenever they look for ecological concessions from our poorer exchanging partners in return for exchange

Contrastingly, the negative implications include: increased pollution; growth in urban centers; and the financial benefits of this growth may not be equally distributed amongst the population, thereby worsening the prevalence of inequality in the distribution of income and wealth. Moreover, economic growth is measured by the following equation:

Two decades later, G.M. Grossman and A.B. Krueger conducted a separate study in which they found a similar relationship between environmental quality and per capita income. They discovered that in the

Other studies have been completed that suggest evidence against an Environmental Kuznets Curve. It is safe to say that a nation with environmental regulations is a nation that is more developed and has higher income per capita, such that they can spare growth for protection of the environment. A nation that is less developed can’t make the sacrifice for the protection of the environment and must focus solely on economic growth.

While industrialization has been strongly associated with greenhouse gas emissions, it is premature, however, to conclude that economic growth is the independent factor responsible to climate change. Neumayer (1998) contended that there is no sound scientific evidence documenting consequences of economic development on the environmental degradation in the long term (p. 4). There is also no linear association between economic growth and environmental deterioration, as maintained by Ferguson et al. (1996, p. 28) that the existing evidence “cannot be used to justify a view that economic growth (…) will automatically be good or bad for the environment” (cited in Neumayer 1998, p. 16).

Therefore, it is in turn beneficial to understand the underlying forces at work affecting these numbers. This can be assisted using scientific models. The fields of study of energy economy and environmental economy thus play pivotal roles in modeling these equations. Initially proposed by Yoichi Kaya in 1980, the Kaya Identity is an econometric model which proposes to calculate Co2 emissions using 4 variables strongly associated with industry analysis: GDP Per Capita, Energy Intensity, Carbon Intensity, and Population. More broadly, the intergovernmental panel and sustainable scale project uses the Kaya Identity alongside a general model to calculate human footprint called IPAT to help determine correlations amongst governmental policies and subsequent ecological implications. IPAT structures a more multiplicative equation to encompass all the possible variables to calculate the degradation of the environment and aggregate human impact on surrounding ecosystems (Waggoner, 2002). Variables include Environmental impacts (resource depletion and waste), effect of population, affluence and effect of consumption levels, and technology used to transform goods into

1.Energy and the environment." Environmental Encyclopedia. Gale, 2011. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 21 Apr. 2016.

The global decline of the environment is readily observable. Today, the quality of air, water and land resources is increasingly compromised because of the pollutants that contaminate the environment. For the sake of industrialization and economic development, some countries are willing to risk their natural resources. Environmental degradation can be seen anywhere. According to some observers, environmental degradation is more rampant in countries with poor economic conditions as compared to more affluent countries (Ambler, n.d.). China and India, for instance, are developing countries yet it is among the biggest contributor to air pollution in terms of carbon dioxide emission ( PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, 2014). Most often, leaders of developing economies are willing to

The poverty-environmental linkage has several dimensions. From an economic growth perspective; rapid economic growth is often seen as the key foundation for achieving poverty reduction. There is a lot empirical evidence in support of this assertion. Therefore while the linkage between economic growth and poverty reduction is generally obvious, the relationship between economic growth and degradation of the environment or and improvement in the environment remains ambiguous or unclear. One part of the poverty-environment hypothesis suggests that economic growth is needed to break the poverty-environment downward

This paper introduces a basic history of the ecological Kuznets bend (EKC). The EKC suggests that pointers of natural debasement first ascent, and afterward fall with expanding salary per capita. Late confirmation demonstrates nonetheless, that creating nations are tending to natural issues, now and again receiving created nation benchmarks with a brief while slack and in some cases performing superior to anything some well off nations, and that the EKC results have an exceptionally wobbly factual establishment. Another era of decay and productive wilderness models can help unravel the genuine relations in the middle of improvement and the earth and may prompt the destruction of the exemplary EKC.