Revised Multi Chain Pegasis For Wireless Sensor Networks

The Hierarchical Power Aware Routing (HPAR) is a power aware routing protocol that divides the network into a group of sensors called zones [12]. In this, the cluster zones are formatted, then the decision is made that how message is routed so the battery life can be maximized. This protocol provides an approximation algorithm called max-min ZPmin algorithm. In this algorithm by applying Dijkshtra algorithm the path who consumes less power is found. Then the second path is found that maximizes the minimal residual power. The advantage is that it provides both transmission power and maximizes battery

Arbi, I. B., Derbel, F., & Strakosch, F. (2017, May). Forecasting methods to reduce energy consumption in WSN. In Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), 2017 IEEE International (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

E-LEACH [12] is based on LEACH protocol to balance the energy consumption of sensor nodes in order to solve the overload energy consumption problem. This protocol adopts the same round concept with the original LEACH. The

The main goal of communication protocols in WSNs is to maximize energy efficiency in order to

The approach of dividing the networks into small controllable units is called as clustering. The clustering technique advances the scalability of network through ease of implementation and results energy efficient routing within the sensor networks. The clustering approach has some other advantages also like conserving communication bandwidth, avoiding redundant message transfer, localizing energy efficient route setup etc. LEACH, HEED, DECA, etc. are the energy efficient routing protocols based on clustering technique.

S. Yi, et al [7] in this thesis, proposed PEGASIS (Power- efficient gathering in sensor data networks), a greedy protocol for expanding the network lifetime of the WSNs. Clustering protocols enable sensor nodes to lessen data packets by data aggregation on WSN.

Abstract - A wireless sensor network (WSNs) is composed of sensor nodes having a set of processor and limited memory unit embedded in it. The most important task for such network is to provide reliable routing of packets from the sensor nodes to its base station. In Wireless Sensor Networks, routing is much more complex than other wireless networks. In WSN routing strategy should be the energy efficient. This survey paper gives an overview of the different routing protocols used in wireless sensor networks and gives a brief working of energy efficient routing protocols in WSN. This study presents the comparison among different routing protocols based on various parameters towards the energy efficiency for WSNs.

An Ad-hoc network is a wireless network. It uses high frequency radio waves for nodes or device communications which increase mobility but decrease the ranges rather than using communication cables between the nodes. Ad-hoc network consists of no infrastructure and no fixed base station and centralized administrator. So, each node in this network act as router or host for direct communication with each other. Then nodes are freely move from one place to another place and it forms the own topology themself. And each nodes are powered by batteries with a limited energy, wherein each node stops functioning when batteries get sanitations. For energy efficient and maximize lifetime of nodes we introduce techniques aimed to minimize power consumption of all nodes by using multicast routing protocol.

T. Gui in 2016 [39] studied the mechanism of SMO in the field of WSNs in the paper “A Novel Cluster-based Routing Protocol Wireless Sensor Networks using Spider Monkey Optimization.” The study additionally showed the change in traditional routing protocols in term of low-energy consumption and system quality of the network. SMO-C protocol suggested in the paper worked for Wireless sensor networks to minimize global energy consumption.

In addition to one or more sensors, each node in a sensor network is typically equipped with a radio transceiver or other wireless communications device, a small microcontroller, and an energy source, usually a battery. The size a single sensor node can vary from shoebox-sized nodes down to devices the size of grain of dust.[1] The cost of sensor nodes is similarly variable, ranging from hundreds of dollars to a few cents, depending on the size of the sensor network and the complexity required of individual sensor nodes.[1] Size and cost constraints on sensor nodes result in corresponding constraints on resources such as energy, memory, computational speed and bandwidth.[1]

The grouping of various sensor nodes makeup a huge Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). These wireless sensor networks are employed in environments where human reach is difficult. The sensor nodes are small, inexpensive, battery powered devices which are capable of local processing and wireless communication. These sensors cooperatively work with each other to sense some physical circumstances and then the information is gathered and processed to get pertinent results. The information that is gathered is sent to the main location.

Sensors are small, low-cost and low-power communication devices which detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates, or otherwise responds to it. Basically, a single sensor node comprises a sensing part, power source, transceiver and processor. The sensing part enables them to collect information of a particular interest. Moreover, it determines their application. The type of power source a sensor node employs has a significant effect on the size, cost and longevity of the node. The integrated transceiver provides sensor nodes the capability for wireless communication between each other or as a network of devices. Hence, the term Wireless Sensor Networks.

ABSTRACT: Wireless sensor networks is a self-configured network means any node can join it or leave it at any time. it is a self-healing and self-organizing. Self-healing networks allow nodes to reconfigure their link associations and find other pathways around powered-down nodes or failed nodes. Self-organizing allows a network automatically join new node without the need for manual interference. In this paper, we are using actor nodes to solve energy hole problem so that we can reduce energy consumption and can enhance throughput of network.

F. L. Lewis et al. [22] conducted a review on wireless sensor networks in 2004. This paper performed a review on wireless sensor network technologies, protocols and applications. In future, conduct a review based on wireless sensor network routing techniques, power consumption techniques, IEEE standards and MAC protocols.

Energy dissipation reduction:In WSNs, energy efficiency is a key design issue that needs to beenhanced in order to improve the life span of the network. The proposed protocol (EEHCBF)is able to route data efficiently in terms of energy.