Rhetorical Analysis Letter From Birmingham Jail

In this life, many hope for peace, but not many try to achieve it. According to Martin Luther King Jr’s “Letter from Birmingham Jail”, there are many ways to achieve this, but the best possible course of action would be through nonviolent direct action, which includes but is not limited to: peaceful protest, sit-ins and civil disobedience. In King’s letter, he proclaims his reasoning behind nonviolent direct action, including: the concept that “injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere” (par. 4), extremism can be used positively (par. 22), and the fact that “oppressed people will not stay oppressed forever” (par. 24). King uses literary devices including ethos, logos, and pathos to prove and reaffirm that which he is trying to convey.

Throughout his letter from Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. uses a number of rhetorical strategies to craft a well-written letter. By doing this, his letter respectfully responds to the clergymen and delivers a powerful letter. In paragraphs 27-31 of the letter, he uses quite a few strategies to respond to the clergymen’s accusation that his nonviolent protest is “extreme.” King uses a number of allusions, different forms of repetition, and figurative language in this section to form an effective response.

While imprisoned in Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. received a letter from the local clergymen that condemned his actions calling them rash and extreme, in response Dr. King wrote his own letter back defending his decisions. In his letter from Birmingham Jail, Dr. King introduces the idea of positive extremism as he attempts to convince the clergymen of the need for direct action in Birmingham, by showing the similarities in his own struggles and those faced by countless historical and biblical figures.

In paragraph 30, Dr. King starts out by saying, “Oppressed people cannot remain oppressed forever. The yearning for freedom eventually manifests itself, and that is what has happened to the American Negro. Something within has reminded him of his birthright of freedom, and something without has reminded him that it can be gained.” This entails that the claim being stated in these beginning sentences is that the oppressed will eventually lash out on the oppressor when they have had enough of the waiting and will for freedom they can stand. 340 years of waiting to be exact. The oppressed negro will realize

“The Letter From a Birmingham Jail” was written by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. while incarcerated in response to his fellow preachers telling him to be more patient in the pursuit of civil rights. The purpose of the letter is to explain the reasons that civil rights should be actively pursued through protest. MLK seeks to persuade the recipients of the letter to side with him in terms of pushing for equality as fast as possible. King uses anecdotes, anaphora, and imagery to increase both the emotional impact of the speech by showing the struggle that him and others have gone through, as well as the authority of King himself by showing that his views on the movement are very well thought out and backed by solid reasoning.

During the 1960’s, racism was still a prominent problem in America. The Civil Rights Movement was under way. African Americans were fighting for their basic human rights. One of the most notable figures of the Civil Rights Movement was Martin Luther King Jr. He fought for African American’s rights using nonviolent resistance; however, during a protest in Birmingham, Alabama, Dr. King was thrown into jail. While in his jail cell, Dr. King wrote a letter to clergymen from the Birmingham jail claiming his stance on peaceful confrontation on defending African American’s human rights. In his letter, Dr. King uses rhetorical devices to strengthen his argument in his letter to the clergymen. In Martin Luther King Jr.’s “Letter from Birmingham

What do you visualize when you think of a jail cell? Some might see restraints blocking them off from the rest of the world, feel cold metal or scratchy cloth against their skin, or experience the stench of sweat and despair. Martin Luther King Jr. saw a quiet place to write. After being arrested under the charge of “parading without a permit,” Dr. King used his eleven days in the Birmingham City Jail to respond to one specific instance of criticism through a letter geared to each of the many audiences that needed to learn about the desegregation campaign. Mr. King’s “Letter From Birmingham Jail” is absolutely effective at convincing the overall audience to join and support the desegregation movement in Birmingham and across America as a result of: Reverend King’s credibility as an author due to life experience and personal background on the topic, his deep relation to and understanding of his audience(s), and his use of many types of rhetorical devices to develop eloquent, attention-grabbing writing.

King transcends both the context of present struggle and his listeners. Unlike them, he mk understands the historical situation… he instructs them in the grand strategy of the mmmp Birmingham movement, just as any kindly teacher might attempt to cure the ignorance mmm and elevate the understanding of novice students (Osborn 28). Martin Luther King, Jr. is an expert on the struggle and obviously had the best intentions of his readers in mind while writing. This makes him both reliable and personally involved in spreading the campaign. In his “Letter,” Mr. King refuses to be put in a box, despite the location of his composition. He represents himself as a moral compass; righteous without being arrogant. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s tone and expression are an extravagant part of the letter’s ‘persuasive appeal’ (Leff, Utley 39). Mr. King himself plays an impressive part in making “Letter From Birmingham Jail” extremely effective.

In the text King uses a load of logos to appeal to his audiences logic and open their eyes to see what is really happening. In paragraphs fifteen and sixteen King begins to use logos to get his audience to begin thinking about the just and unjust laws. King says one of his most impressive statements, in my opinion, in paragraph 16,”one has not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.” When he states this, King is getting is audience to begin considering the laws that he is requesting them to follow and the laws that are being broken and the difference between the two. The argument that King is trying to win here is the topic that they should not be breaking laws if they are going to be asking for laws to be made and changed, he is saying that there is a difference in laws that suppress one group and allow another to flourish and laws that give everyone equal opportunity to live the American Dream. To give more backing and

The fight for civil rights and freedom is a reoccurring subject that has appeared throughout American history. Henry David Thoreau’s “Civil Disobedience” and Martin Luther King Jr.’s “Letter From Birmingham Jail” were written over one hundred years apart. Although they are set in different time periods, they discuss the rights the American people should have, while also criticizing the people with superior power in the government. Thoreau’s aggressive writing style and King’s peaceful, calm style help to deliver their messages. Not only their writing style but also their emotional appeals, tone, and other rhetorical strategies help to give their audience a sense of the social issues they are disagreeing strongly with.

In paragraphs 10 through 19 of Martin Luther King’s Letter from Birmingham Jail, he argues for the urgency of changing segregation laws. King’s arguments in this letter are in response to a publication in the local newspaper by “Eight Alabama Clergymen.” These clergymen were white moderates who basically straddled the fence on the issue of segregation. Due to their neutral stance, King felt he could really convince these men that some laws needed to be changed. In paragraphs 10 and 11, King is refuting the clergymen’s statement that he should not be causing tension through demonstrations. In paragraphs 12, 13, and 14, King is responding to the clergymen's declaration that his demonstrations were “untimely.” In paragraphs 15 through 19, King provides a rebuttal to the clergymen’s statement that he is an extremist that breaks the law. In these paragraphs, King uses various rhetorical strategies or devices to make his argument.

First of all, Martin Luther King Jr. usesd a rhetorical strategy of repetition. King is known for his use of repetition, reference his “I Hhave a Dream” speech. Furthermore, r Repetition is used to get his your point across, and to make the reader remember it. In the letter heit states, “Was not Jesus an extremist for love,” and “Was not Amos an extremist for justice,” and again it says, “Was not Paul an extremist for the Christian Gospel.” King uses the “was not” and “an extremist” to apply effect on the situation. He wants to apply the emphasis on how these key figures in history were extremist, just like him. Again in this letter, Martin Luther King Jr.’s uses reptition in his quote again, King sayings, “let him march,” “let him make prayer pilgrimages to the city hall,” “let him go on freedom rides.” Martin Luther King Jr. uses the words “let him” to intensify the fact that the people should just let the Negro protest. Martin Luther King Jr. says to just let the Negro be, King statesquotes, “if his repressed emotions are not released in nonviolent ways, they will seek expression through violence.” Therefore,So Martin Luther King Jr. wants to make sure he informs the people, to either let them protest peacefully or there will be violence.

“For years now I have hears the word ‘Wait’ has almost always meant ‘Never’.” (King, Pg. 2. Paragraph 11) This quote is one of the most important ones in this whole letter. He brings attention to how long the people of color had to wait for rights that were supposed to be made equally amongst everyone. For decades, the white majority within the government avoid basic rights because of a skin color. Everyone is the same on the inside so why did the government put this off for so long? This quote captures the harassment and the ignorance these people had to face in order to live equally in the “land of the

The rhetorical triangle has been used for many centuries in writings, and speeches. The triangle is composed of three parts, and all three parts influence each other in communicating the information being delivered. The first part of the triangle is the Logos (logic) which provides facts, statistics, evidence from studies, and historical precedent. The second part of the triangle is the emotion known as the Pathos. On the pathos, the person delivering the communication appeals to the reader’s superiority with personalized issues, and associates with admirable people. The third part of the rhetorical triangle deals with ethics referred to as the Ethos. The ethos establishes credibility, trustworthiness, educational background, and challenges conventional wisdom. Many people have used the rhetorical triangle throughout history to convey information, one person to use the triangle effectively was Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. On a “Letter from Birmingham Jail”, King used the three parts of the triangle to explain to the clergymen the motives for protesting.

King told a story about a bus protest he attended in Alabama. He thought that he would have had support from the white church, but sadly he did not. The ministers, priests, and rabbis refused to “understand the freedom movement and misrepresenting its leaders; all too many others have been more cautious than courageous and have remained silent behind the anesthetizing security of stained glass windows.” He hope that when he came to Birmingham, the white church would see the justice in King’s actions and serve “as the channel through which our just grievances could reach the power