Rhetorical Sketch Attacks

In Chamberlain’s speech, “Why we Fight,” the appeal of pathos is most effective because it creates a sense of inspiration for the audience to keep fighting for those cannot defend themselves. Chamberlain delivered “Why we Fight” in the year 1836 to 120 war weary mutineers longing to return home; however, they were desperately needed to fight in Gettysburg. Chamberlain addressed his speech to motivate the men to continue fighting for justice. Chamberlain uses pathos by addressing the crowd to argue that “[they] are an army to set other men free,” (Chamberlain 11). This reminds the mutineers that there are those in America without freedom and that those individuals are the reason to keep fighting. Appealing to the men’s emotions by referencing

\underline{Rate monitoring}. The attacker counts the number of packet transmissions executed by each node in a region for a period of time. If the nodes are sending to a common destination node e.g., the sink node, then the latter should be located in a region of higher packet transmissions or

A malicious node can impersonate or spoof the address of another node in order to alter the vision of the network topology as perceived by another node. Such attacks can result in the formation of loops as described below [18]

In her article “Tattoos are no longer permanent but removal can be a long and costly business,” Victoria Lambert (2015) explains that tattoos can be removed with laser, an injectable liquid and surgery. However, the process for each option is not only time consuming, expensive, painful, but can also have severe consequences. Lambert points out that most people, a while after they have been tattooed, figure out the useless of their body art, and decide to pay any price to get them removed. He affirms that the laser option, in addition, to being expensive, extensive and painful, can also cause skin disorders with the uncertainty of complete removal. Lambert also claims that another possibility, which is the liquid injectable, is not efficient

NPR Perspective: F.A.T F-A-T. Fat, fat, fat. Usually this word has a bad connotation attached, linked, or embedded into it. Being fat shouldn’t be looked down upon or be ashamed of since F.A.T is a Freaking Amazing Thing. I believe we were all made differently with our own ways to flaunt or exude our natural beauty. You are uniquely you.

switchingWormhole Routing In this mechanism, a packet is divided into smaller segments called FLITs (FLow control digIT). Then, the flits are routed through the network one after another, in a pipelined fashion. The first flit in a packet (header) reserves the channel of each router, the body (payload) flits will

They exploit network design weaknesses such as sending ping requests to death, or establishing computationally heavy tasks such encryption and decryption of the victim. The attacks have become rampant because hackers have availed the attack tools to help adversaries bypass the weak security measures in place. The attacks can be direct or reflector (Kinicki, 2012).

• Attacking the existing system on Rocky Summit University’s network. • The attacker can also alter or delete information on university’s website. • Monitor activities over the network • The attacker can as Lanes or routes used by an attacker to gain access to the target (attack vectors), is to exploit existing vulnerabilities in the Rocky Summit University’s are:

1 Introduction: Traditional Honey pot DNS server attacks known as "DNS Redirection Mechanism," the network traffic creates an alternative route from a client to web server. Incident response methods fail to mitigate the risk posed by DNS server attacks because two assumptions are redirecting a DNS request to an actual DNS server, and personality engine, which manipulates the packet content to make it look like it, has originated from the network stack.

“The joy of routing” This is the simple attack that basically depend on routing protocols that has been used. It is further categorized in different attacks that can be “Source Routing” In which target host reverses source route in a TCP for traffic that is returning. So facilities can be exchanged between host and attacker. The idea to protect from attacks is to put gateways into the local net for rejection of external packets that acting as part of the local net or to do rejection of pre-authorized connections. Another attack is “The Routing Information Protocol (RIP)” attack is mostly used on local networks like broadcast media. As information here sent is not checked so intruder can change or send modified information due to which protocols that depends on

• Sinkhole threat- attracting neighboring nodes to a route through a malicious node. • Sybil attack- a compromised node presents fake identities to neighboring nodes on the network. (p. 68-69)

. Figure 1.3: Classification of attacks on MANET routing protocols 1.5 ATTACKS EXPLOTATION MODIFICATION In this variety of attack, the protocol fields of the messages passed among the nodes is changed, there by leading to traffic subversion or Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. The subsequent sections discuss a number some of these attacks [03]

• IP address equals to IP address of inside client. • SOURCE ROUTING ATTACKS: Here attackers determine the route that is trailed by the packet to move along the web with the goal that packet filter can be tricked to sidestep its normal checks.

Detection and Prevention of Sinkhole Attack on Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) in MANET M.Kayalvizhi1, Mr.G.Arul Kumaran2, A.Nithyasri3 1PG Scholar, Dept .of Information Technology, Vivekananda College of Engineering for Women Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, India 2Assistant Professor, Dept. of Information Technology, Vivekananda College of Engineering for Women Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, India 3Assistant Professor, Dept. of Information Technology, Vivekananda College of Engineering for Women, Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, India Email- mkayalvizhi1992@gmail.com, erarulkumaran@gmail.com, nithi.becsc@gmail.com Abstract—Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a kind of wireless network. A Wireless ad-hoc network is a temporary network with no network infrastructure. The nodes communicate with each other, they co-operate by forwarding data packets to other nodes in the network. Thus the nodes find a path to the destination node using routing protocols. Due to the security vulnerabilities of the routing protocols, wireless ad-hoc networks are unprotected to attacks of the malicious nodes. One of these attacks is the Sinkhole Attack. Sinkhole attack is a kind of routing attack in MANET. A sinkhole node tries to attract all the network packets to it-self from all neighboring nodes. This paper focuses on to detect and prevent sinkhole node. By using a hybrid detection technique which combines the advantages of both reactive and proactive routing Protocol to detect the

DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF SINKHOLE ATTACK ON ZONE ROUTING PROTOCOL (ZRP) M.Kayalvizhi1, Mr.G.Arul Kumaran2, Dr.M.Akila3 1PG Scholar, Dept .of Information Technology Assistant 2Professor, Dept. of Information Technology 3Professor, Dept .of Information Technology Vivekananda College of Engineering for Women, Tiruchengode – 637205, India Email- mkayalvizhi1992@gmail.com, erarulkumaran@gmail.com, akila@nvgroup.in Abstract—Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a kind of wireless network. A