Rheumatic Fever Research Paper

Bacterial and fungi infections are easy to cure with the use of antibiotics, where as viruses can be hard to cure or vaccinate against, such as the common cold. Bacteria can be found everywhere and anywhere Soil, Water, Plants, Animals, material and even deep in the earth's crust. Bacteria feed themselves by making there food with the use of sunlight and water. We would not be able to live without Bacteria. The human body consists of lots of friendly bacteria which also protect us from dangerous ones by occupying places in the body. Some of the most deadly diseases and devastating epidemics in human history have

Since bacteria have been discovered, we have been developing antibiotics to kill them. The study of beneficial bacteria however, has only taken shape over the past few years (Lim). Right now, inside your gut there are over 100 trillion bacteria and microorganisms that

When the words bacteria or virus are used, typically thoughts of bad memories of being sick come to mind. Yet, there is another side to them. These tiny organisms can be beneficial in

Group A streptococcus (GAS) is an important human pathogen rank in the top ten of deadly infectious disease around the world despite being sensitive to most antibiotics that are used clinically. The major population will have suffered a group A streptococcus infection one time or another with non-life threating minor complications in the presence of antibiotic therapy but in some instances it goes on and causes several immune-mediated disorders associated with rheumatic fever affecting a diverse set of organs and tissues including the heart, kidneys, skin, joints, and brain. The propensity and degree to which Group A Streptococcus produces an invasive systemic infection is interrelated to its diverse virulence factor expression,

In 1805 there was an outbreak of an unknown disease that was infecting most the people of a small town in Switzerland. A Swiss physician named Gaspard Viesseux was the first to determine the outbreak, which was Meningococcal Meningitis. Viesseux was the first to study Meningococcal Meningitis however a pathologist named Anton Weichselbaum discovered the causative, or the bacteria, that causes meningitis. The disease could potentially fatal, especially if not treated.

Meningitis – is a kind of infection or inflammation that affects the delicate membranes of the brain and spinal cord in infected individuals.

My topic is Meningitis. I like this disease because it’s kind of rare it is also caused by bacterial infections. Bacterial meningitis is a serious infection of the fluid in the spinal cord and the fluid that surrounds the brain. About 2,600 people die from meningitis a year. Meningitis is a parasite that invades your spinal canal.

Bacteria are single celled microbes with a simple cell structure. They do not contain a nucleus or membrane, instead their control centre is contained in a single loop of DNA. Some types of bacteria have the ability to become resistant to certain antibiotics. Bacteria can be found virtually anywhere and everywhere. They are in the air, soil and water and all over plants and animals, including us. “Each square centimetre of your skin averages about 100,000 bacteria, and there are over 500 different species in the human mouth” (Spectrum Science Communications, 2015). Bacteria are classified

Many of the people think that bacteria and viruses are the same thing, in reality they have some differences. In one hand the bacteria is a single-celled microorganisms that are in many different types of the environment. The cool part of bacteria is that they can live in both of the surface, hot and cold surface. Many of the bacterial that are produced are not dangerous for the human body some of the just make the person sick, for example, strep throat, tuberculosis, and the urinary tract infections. Also, another of the difference between this two are that antibiotics drugs can usually kill the bacteria that is in the human body, but this are not effective against the viruses. So the bacterias can be control or be deleted from the human's

Strep throat is a common, contagious infection caused by group A streptococcus, bacteria that presents as a sore throat. The bacteria that causes strep throat tend to harbor within the nose and throat that easily spread through sneezing, coughing, and handshaking. Since kids share things, teaching kids about the importance of hand washing decrease spreading strep throat. Symptoms of strep throat are a sore throat, fever, red and swollen tonsils, swollen neck glands, red and white patches in the throat and difficulty swallowing. Strep throat is easily treated with antibiotics.

One of the diseases that come from streptococcus is scarlet fever, which is a contagious disease caused by streptococci, and can be characterized by a scarlet eruption. Scarlet fever causes a rough sunburn-like rash over the face and upper body, and have a fever of 101-104 degrees F. Also, an individual with scarlet fever will develop a bright red, freckled, strawberry-like appearance on the tongue. Another type of streptococcal disease is strep throat. A person with strep throat suddenly develops a sore throat, and they usually have a fever and feel tired. That might be accompanied by chills, headache, muscle aches, swollen lymph glands, nausea, and tonsils will have red patches. Some more serious malfunctions occur when streptococcal diseases are left untreated. This can result in rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease, which are both life-threatening (Gale). Rheumatic fever is a serious disease characterized by fever, swelling and pain in joints, and sore throat. Rheumatic heart disease is damage to the heart as a result of rheumatic fever (Dictionary.com). Antibiotics like penicillin can help cure streptococcus, and antibiotics like tylenol, advil, or motrin can help reduce the pain and lower your fever (WebMD). If it is left untreated, your immune system will just keep shutting down, and can even result to

Hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature decreases below normal limits, as a result of excessive heat loss, inadequate heat production to counteract heat loss and impaired hypothalamic thermoregulation. The effects can be induced intentionally, to decrease the oxygen supply to tissue for certain surgeries. Moreover, it can occur accidentally as a result of an extreme cold environment, cold water or lack of clothing, shelter, and heat. Sedative medication and a decreased metabolic rate can cause hypothermia in elder clients. The symptoms of hypothermia include decreased body temperature, pulse, and respiration. Also, the client could experience shivering, have chills and pale, cool waxy skin. In addition, hypotension, decreased urinary

A 12 year old boy presents to urgent care with knee swelling and pain. On review of the record, he was seen and diagnosed with strep pharyngitis a month ago. On further questioning, mother admits she was unable to fill his prescription for amoxicillin, but his throat symptoms resolved. History reveals migratory arthritis, intermittent fevers up to 102oF. On physical exam, there are no oral lesions, neck is supple and there is a soft diastolic murmur. His right knee has a small effusion. Which of the following streptococcal complications has likely occured?

In the case of Martha, she had an episode of rheumatic fever in her twenties. Rheumatic fever, of which is an illness brought on by Streptococcus A, produces a protein that attaches to the cell wall of an organism causing inflammation. This can affect the heart and cause pancarditis, which is an infection of the entire heart. Endocarditis is the portion of pancarditis that causes valvular disorders. Though the pulmonic valve is not commonly affected, it is still a possibility. The valve apparatus can become fused leading to stenosis years after a rheumatic fever episode that is acute, and damage can become progressive if there are subsequent episodes (Chin, 2014). With Martha 's murmur being low in pitch and more of a rumbling, it is considered a narrowing of the valve or stenosis. The murmur is located left of the sternal border and in the upper portion. This is the pulmonic valve region, which would make this a pulmonic valve stenosis (Rao, 2014). According to Rao (2014), the murmur is due to the leaflets of the pulmonic valve not completely opening. This causes a resistance of the blood flowing foward through the valve, which happens during systole of the ventricles. This further causes a turbulence of the blood and makes the sound of the murmur. Pulmonic valve stenosis can then lead to ventricular hypertrophy of the right ventricle, which is proportional to how obstructed the valve becomes (Rao, 2014).

Bacterial infections are associated with diseases: strep throat, tuberculosis, staph skin infections, urinary tract, bloodstream infections