Rice Pledging Schemes

Under National Agro-Food Policy, agriculture sector has been identified as a National Key Result Area. Under this initiative, the agriculture sector is targeted to increase the Gross National Income by RM28.9 Billion (USD9.1 billion) to reach RM49.1 billion (USD15.4 billion) by 2020. The agricultural sector is also targeted to create more than 109,000 job opportunities by 2020, primarily in the rural areas.

There used to be a lot more farmers, each one with a smaller farm, but growing quite a few different products like corn, wheat, hay, barley, oats, etc. Today there are a lot less farmers, but about the same amount of land is being farmed. Each farmer has a much bigger acreage to cultivate. Now each farmer specializes in one product. This way each farmer is more efficient in what they grow.. The most produced commodities are grains, oil seeds, dried beans and peas at 42%, other crops and hay account for another 31%. Now, most products are enhanced of fertilizers and pesticides, although there is an increasing demand for organic products which are overall more

Over the years agriculture has nearly diminished from the workforce. Why is this happening? In fact, ever since the Industrial Revolution’s promises of “big city success” agriculture has taken a hit. Agriculture has been a foundation for the infrastructure of the United States since it’s creation. Agricultural careers are a necessity for the nation. It is important through the history, from whom it affects, the effects on the environment and people, and to find a solution to the loss of this core element.

South Asia is one of the most densely populated regions of the world, where despite a slow growth, agriculture remains the backbone of rural economy as it employs one half to over 90 percent of the labor force. Both extensive and intensive policy measures for agriculture

population as a whole (ERS, 2014j). For one thing the Households where farming was the primary occupation, such as in the dairy industry, were more common to have less people with health insurance (ERS, 2014j). Then the Farm households without access to employer-sponsored health insurance paid an average of $6,000 annually in insurance premiums with it been too expensive amount to pay for in all of its completion.

The economic boom of 1977 to 1997 had a dramatic impact on Thailand’s northern villages. While the center of the country, Bangkok, was rapidly industrializing, the north fell behind. Due to a lack of income and resources, the north had to watch the

Today´s farmers produce 262 percent of agriculture with a two percent fewer input compared to than the 1950 information. Jared Diamond from the University of California at Los Angeles Medical School believes that the information of agriculture is wrong. Which he supports his theory in the article ¨ The worst mistake in the History of the Human Race¨ . Diamond explains that agriculture is not needed and a ¨waste of time¨.

3. Due to economic recession in agriculture, most farmers are encumbered with debts. As a result, they cannot afford

Economic Considerations: Thailand is great developing country because of the smart economic policies but political environment is not stable so there is effect for investors to pay attention much to invest.

agriculture industry is able to withstand low marginal profit and can sell products at a cheap price,

The average income for a farmer depends a lot on the weather and growing conditions present. Year to year these change and the typical income for a salaried

Thai government, worried about the spread of communist influence in the province, in the 1950s and the 1960s, thus, they reached out to suburban areas aimed at convalescent the subsistence standards of peasants; however it turns out that the leading livelihood challenges have been removed from the low-income challenges of food chain and subsistence perseverance to the middle-income challenges of diversification and potency improvement in most areas of suburban Thailand. In the 1970s, more tension rises from politically authoritative peasant movements and the accomplishment of communist revolutions in Indochina, showing that the Thai state increases its efforts to win over peasantry populations; however, sustained trade growth over time helped to minimize the number of poor peasantry households to 10 percent in 2007. This number suggests certain achievement of the state, but why it raises

According to Evenson the top three threats are, “increase in competition in the international market; the growing competition with other economic activities that increases the cost of production, especially the labor cost; and degradation of ecological conditions. Rice production around the world has become more competitive. This makes it harder for Thailand to keep its competitive advantage with its Jasmine rice. As for the modernization of the nation, it has lead to an increase cost of labor. This makes it more expensive for rice farmers that used to use cheap manual labor. Finally the massive amount of land used for the production of rice may have long term negative affects on the yields of the land. (Evenson)

Production and Productivity Trends Labor productivity. Up until the 1970s, the Philippines’ agricultural performance, in terms of both agricultural Gross Value Added (GVA) and agricultural exports, compared well with its neighbors and other Asian countries (Figure 3a). But by the 1980s and 1990s, the country had lagged behind most of the countries in the region (Figures 3b and 3c). This came as agricultural output growth had slowed down dramatically through the decades (Figure 4). Moreover, the sector’s growth had been rather erratic in the 1990s, especially with the periodic occurrence of the El Niño phenomenon that had appreciable impact on weather patterns and, consequently, agricultural performance. Table 1 shows the average annual growth in GVA of major agricultural commodities since 1960. What is clear from the table is that growth rates of all commodities, except for livestock and poultry, have been slowing down over time. Furthermore, growth rates have been below the population growth rate, implying that production has not been able to keep up with increasing population. Erratic and decelerating growth over the past two decades is a major concern, as agriculture continues to employ a large

Growth in the agricultural sector has been driven by increased production of major food crops such as maize, sorghum and cassava, but the sector’s performance remains below potential. In turn, the services and industrial sectors have shown strong growth. The nascent banking sector and expanding telecommunications sector are key drivers behind services growth, while construction, electricity generation, manufacturing and mining are salient sub-sectors in industrial activity. Looking ahead, the banking and telecommunication sectors will continue to support services growth, while increased electricity generation capacity will benefit the expansion of the manufacturing