In this part Lynch argues that people in urban situations orient themselves by means of mental maps. To un-derstand the role of these mental maps in our urban lives, he conducted a field research of the visual qualities of the cities of Los Angeles, Boston and Jersey in the previous chapter, and deduced that these visual qualities can conveniently be classified into 5 types of elements: Paths, edges, districts and nodes.
The five identified elements, perceived as interconnected parts, play an important role in allowing citizens to understand their large and complete environment as a whole city form. He wants these elements to be in-terpreted as forms that depend upon each other; consequently creating a unified and complete setup so that a legible
In the first few pages of Chapter Three, Kingsolver talks about heirloom vegetables and says “these titles stand for real stories.” What is meant by the title is heirloom plants give off seeds that end up being saved and used for many generations (112). Those seeds have history behind them; family stories that span over several years. For example, on page 144 Kingsolver talked about this heirloom seed exchange in Iowa where one of the founders’ grandfather left a pink tomato plant that his parents brought from Bavaria in the 1870s. The seeds are comparable to a family heirloom. Both get handed down from generation to generation and have a story of what the meaning of the object is and how it all got started.
Judith Herman, M.D. with this book introduces us readers to the most impacting stories about trauma and recovery. She used real cases from her professional experience working as a Doctor. She was also a Professor and a Feminist. For the author, feminism had a great influence on her understanding of the impact that trauma has on its victims. Dr. Herman describes the traumatic experiences that distressed people suffered as atrocities.
In chapter 1 Walter Dean Myers First place called home was Harlem. Walter had said that it was a magical place called, alive with music. Walter only memory, he has on women is who picked him up on Sunday morning. Chapter 1 was called roots because it was about his history. Walter real mother had died after the birth of his sister. Walter had considered his adopted mother, to be his mother.
In chapter 8, Grant recalls his own teacher Matthew Antoine. Mr. Antoine hated teaching and his own students. To Mr. Antoine education is only good for making new teachers which sustain the cycle of uselessness. As Mr. Antoine becomes older he sees no evidence that education can lead to an improvement in the real word. Mr. Antoine describes to Grant that you can teach a black child but they won’t do any good for themselves with what you taught them. He says that blacks are just meant to run away. Mr. Antoine hates himself for the color he bears. ‘When you see that those five and a half months you spend in that church each year are just a waste of your time, you will. You will. You’ll see that it’ll take more than five and a half months
While Jim helps Billy recover from his stroke, Billy tells Jim about his former who want his sea chest
John enters chapter 11 with the stories of captains who had this presence, this is the story about Kenneth Cook who was the only survivor of the SS Lulworth Hill. The ship had sunk and the people on the rafts have gone mad, they were lead to their deaths by their hallucinations, Cook was on a raft and tried to keep his sanity. This questioned John, why is it that some of these hallucinations cause the people to meet their end, while the presence leads others, like Cook, to their safety. This of course making yet another example of the third factor law. This is just one of the few stories that john would say to only convey the same message.
Craig Mullaney definitely made many challenges for himself and accepted challenges from others with no questions asked. Being the thriving Valedictorian of his high school class and earning other prestigious accolades he stood out from the other entire student. But at West Point, Mullaney would be intertwined with hundreds of other classmates with the same, if not more achievements, making it seemingly impossible to be any kind of a predominant student.
In the beginning of chapter one, McCloud starts of by narrating through one of his flashbacks when he first started to read comic books. At first McCloud was in denial of what comics can truly mean, but as he began to read he was hooked. The main character is drawn as younger version of himself with stars and thick lines around his head with a surprise looked towards the comic he is reading. Throughout the next panels he draws himself with an astonishing look in his face because he found something he can fully understand. Before he can continue his memory McCloud's cuts in the middle of the flashback and he's back to his normal version saying, “I felt there was something lurking in comics… something that had never been done. Some kind of hidden power!” (McCloud 3). McCloud is trying to say that he felt something more when
In Jane Jacobs’s acclaimed The Life and Death of Great American Cities, she intricately articulates urban blight and the ills of metropolitan society by addressing several binaries throughout the course of the text. One of the more culturally significant binaries that Jacobs relies on in her narrative is the effectively paradoxical relationship between diversity and homogeneity in urban environments at the time. In particular, beginning in Chapter 12 throughout Chapter 13, Jacobs is concerned greatly with debunking widely held misconceptions about urban diversity.
Fledgling is the story of an apparently young, amnesiac girl, whose alarming unhuman needs and abilities lead her to a startling conclusion. She is in fact a genetically modified, 53 year old vampire. Forced to discover what she can about her stolen former life, at the same time learn who wanted and still wants to destroy her and those she cares for. This is a very interesting parable that tests the limits of otherness and questions what it means to be truly human.
Urban studies aims to develop an understanding the modern city metropolis. As Savage et al. have pointed out, the urban encompasses far more than just the physical city itself; understanding the city help us to understand many aspects of modern life (2003, pp.4). Many of its features, such as mass media and public transport systems have spread throughout society over the past century. Sociological studies of urban life began with the landmark publication of 'The City' in 1925 by sociologists Robert Park, Ernest Burgess and Louis Wirth from the University of Chicago, students of Georg Simmel who shared his belief that the urban environment changed man's
Cities are generators of economic life and source of changes in the world. Thereby, Jane Jacobs in her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities puts into relief the role of cities on the social and economic levels, while denouncing the disastrous consequences of urban renewal programs. To that extent, in chapters 2 and 3, she discusses "The Uses of Sidewalks”, arguing that over all people need safety and trust in their city. Therefore, first she claims the necessity of keeping streets and sidewalks safe because they are the “vital organs” of cities (29). Secondly, she argues that the functioning of cities should be organized in order to foster human interaction in which “casual public
What is the relationship between observer and environment? How the visual quality of a city can contribute to the urban legibility? This introduction addresses the basic material of this section. The task of this section is to give an overview of Kevin Lynch's theory of urban form, as set out in his book The Image of the City. City image is important because the ability to recognize objects in our environment are critical to our ability to act and function in places effectively. Thus, the ability of a city is somewhat depends on its ability to be easily found and identified.” Kevin Lynch made a connection between psychology and environment, at a time when many psychologists preferred laboratory experiments to the wondering variables of the complicated, real world” according to Banerjee
[CI]He must have left it in his coat, for it’s in his jean pocket no more—
Perceiving the properties of the environment and then actively giving an action is the instinct of creatures. American psychologist Gibson developed the term Affordances about the perception of the animals to environment. It refers to the environment provides the opportunity for action; means what environment affords is what animal perceives (Gibson, 1979). The interrelationship between people and environment is inseparable, including objects, space, society, and city/urban. "At the beginning of the twentieth century some 10 per cent of the world’s population dwelt in towns or cities. […] By the year 2030 over 60 per cent of the world’s population will be urbanized" (Parker, 2015, p1). According to the information of the urban population, people constructed the cities and cities will be extended to fit the population. How to recognize a city? What kind of medium affects the relationship of people, society and cities, and changes the shape of them Simultaneously? Calvino takes the observation of the real city to represent in the description of his novel (1978).