Ridgeway Summary

In the world that we live, most people understand that there are only two peoples of genders, male or female, nothing more. Because of these two specific genders, there are gender rules for how to behave as either or. These rules help us know the difference between the two. We all have adapted into learned ways has to how to perform our daily lives. If we see a person

These actions show the appropriate or desirable concepts based on actual or perceived sex. Doctor Alice Eagley discusses that these known differences in gender have stereo type and underlying prejudice. The reason they apply to gender because one group has disadvantages. When an individual step outside of the stereo type that is when the discrimination of a certain sex and role they are required to play comes into question. Compare and contrast the concepts of gender, gender role, and gender typing. Gender role perceptions are engaged between two processes collected thru the output of sensory information from our surroundings and stored memories. Gender roles are usually modeled throughout the life processes. For example, men shave, women wear makeup is a gender role, also women wear skirts, and makeup, dresses and males wear pants. Gender is the different areas of characteristics showing the differences between being masculine and feminine, including the biological sex identity. Gender roles are what society says about the behaviors that a certain gender should play. For example roles that are acceptable

In today’s society from a young age boys and girls are raised socially different, known as gender socialization. A gender role is a set of behaviors, attitudes and personality characteristics expected and encouraged based on an individual 's sex. Sex is a person’s biological status referred to as female, male or inter-sex. However, gender is related to attitudes, feelings and behaviors that a given culture associates with biologically sexed bodies. Cultures differ about what is appropriate for males and females for example, from the moment boys and girls are born they are dressed differently. In some countries, the color pink is immediately associated with girls, while blue it associated to boys. Parents unconsciously reinforce gender

The concept of gender was debated and changed throughout time. The traditional logic on such concept regards a binary division, meaning, something that divides in opposites, for instance male and female. From this point of view, human beings are born with biologic characteristics that define if an individual as male or female, the biological sex, and that each of these extremes acts and behaves in a specific way. However, that is not the only factor when describing an individual. Gender, in a sociological perspective is understood as a social position in which a person identifies with certain traits of the imposed biological sexes. "A set of social arrangements that are used to differentiate people in a collective context, taking into account historical and cultural patterns attributed to men and women". Since gender is a social role, it can be constructed and deconstructed, meaning that it can be understood as mutable and unlimited. Considering that it is based on a social background some cultures have extremely specific gender roles.

In American culture in the 1950s, men were the predominant head of the household and women were expected to cook, care for their kids, and clean. This is an excellent example of gender roles, and how they control certain aspects of life. Gender roles are, according to multiple sources, the way people behave, what they do or say to express being a female or male. (“Gender Identity”; Blackstone; "Understanding Gender") They are forced upon an individual from the day they are born even in the most trivial of terms of putting baby boys in blue clothes and baby girls in pink. Throughout that person’s life from then on, they will face cultural expectations every day to act according to their sex. Gender roles can often be confusing and hurtful,many stores are moving away from assigning products to a specific gender, but not only can gender roles affect a person’s behavior, it can play a huge role in transgenderism.

The way in which a person perceives the world and society surrounding them has a large impact on how they think, and act accordingly. One of the most distinct ways that determines how a person will interpret what is constantly happening around them is age. Age determines the level of understanding a person has of both simple and complex concepts, thus altering how they will react to different aspects of society. One of the most prevalent and commonly debated topics embedded in society is gender. For generations, society has had strict views on what should be considered acceptable for either gender, and age plays a large role in determining how a person understands gender roles, or how they identify with their gender. How people understand gender, and thus the society they interact with daily is largely determined by age.

Gender roles and socialization are instilled in us at an early age, whether it’s in our household, work, school or society. The way we view ourselves as male or females and the duties we are believed to portray because of what society expect of us and how we are meant to act due to our sex. Gender socialization it is when you engage with the next person and learn how the dynamics as a community and what are their belief systems as well as being open about their cultures as well as their gender.

The concept of gender has a strong social impact on me. When I was born, I was immediately assigned to a biological sex as a female with two X chromosomes. I was then socially classified as a girl in the society with feminine gender roles. Gender is defined as a social principle which attribute to the roles and expectations of males and females through the years of different societies (Phillips, 2005). Gender can be considered as behavioural, cultural and psychological traits

Growing up, people are put into roles based on their gender. Gender roles are, “the behaviors, attitudes, and personality traits that are designated as either masculine or feminine” (Hockenbury & Hockenbury, 2014, p. 409). Along with gender-roles are stereotypes. Stereotypes are a widely held belief about a group of people based on their race, religion, social class, or gender. Gender-role stereotypes are, “The beliefs and expectations people hold about the typical characteristics, preferences, and behavior of men and women” Hockenbury & Hockenbury, 2014, p. 408). People are also influenced by society’s display role, which is the “social and cultural regulations governing emotional expression, especially facial expressions” (Hockenbury & Hockenbury, 2014, p. 347). Men and women are expected to behave differently when it comes to feeling and expressing their emotions due to roles and stereotypes of emotion. These stereotypes are taught and reinforced throughout childhood and seen within the media we are exposed to a good portion of our lives.

The transformation team was interested in learning a realistic estimated processing cost and the conceivable support towards a technology driving alternative. Certainly, the survey was a success as 98% of the surveyed did in fact actively participated

When describing something that influences your gender, most people would assume that your “sex” or our biological identification given to us at birth would be the most definite source; however there are multiple factors and processes that contribute to one’s gender identity. The multitudes of institutions that assist in the socialization of an individual vary from person to person, but are all beneficial in creating a sense of gender. According to Michael Messner, there are two types of institutions, the gendered and the gendering. The gendered institution is described by Messner as “an institution constructed by gender relations. As such, its structures and values (rules, formal organizations, sex composition, etc.) reflect dominant

We live in a society that focuses on physical appearance and becomes upset when we are unable to place an individual into the binary gender system (“Gould”). For instance, in the reading “X: A Fabulous Child’s Story” a child with no known sex was not accepted because no one besides X’s caregivers knew whether he or she was a boy or girl. They were upset because Baby X did not “obey” the boy-girl rules. Kate Bornstein agrees that regardless of who you think you are, society places you under a two-gender category. Men and women are expected to follow gender roles based on their sex. Who a child is raised by and how they are raised affects their ideas on gender through society and his or her family. In my case, I was raised by my grandmother.

First, when it comes to social interactions, it play a big role on what it means to do gender. “Social interaction is the process by which people act and react in relation to others” (Macionis 2015: 114). As humans we assign meaning to everything that we see, for example when we see nail polish and makeup we automatically categorize them as things that are associated with women. This is also what it means to say gender is a social construct because a social construct is “the process by which we

The search for sex and gender differences has had a long history in mainstream psychology. Sex refers to a person’s biological background which is typically categorised as male, female or intersex based on sex chromosomes, hormones and anatomy. In contrast, gender is termed as a psychological state which involves attitudes, feelings and behaviours associated to a person’s biological sex (APA, 2011). However, it must be noted that individuals can have a gender identity which may not be congruent to their biological sex i.e. transgender identity. Moreover, societies have specific social-historical gender-normative expectations of males and females which include behaviours and traits assigned to the gender role (Helgeson, 2011). Chrisler & Nobel (2002) argue that people rely on gender role and expectations to understand others behaviours, actions and abilities. Psychology has tended to use the terms sex and gender interchangeably to investigate differences between men and women. Despite research finding no psychological differences over 100 years ago (Thorndike, 1914), psychology has continued to search for gender/sex differences. The limited studies which have found relatively small differences between females and males vastly dominates the media and public understandings highlighted by ‘Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus’ (Gray, 1992). In

Society has clearly defined boundaries between what is considered to be male or female. The development of an individual’s gender role is formed by interactions with those in close proximity. Society constantly tells us how we should look, act and live based on gender. Family, friends and the media have a tremendous impact on how these roles are formed and the expected behavior of each gender role.