Ringwoodite

One evidence of this theory is molten material. Molten Material is magma erupting from mid-ocean ridges. Alvin the submarine found weird rocks shaped like pillows or toothpaste. This tells us this magma cools quickly underwater. Another type of evidence are magnetic stripes. Magnetic stripes are patterns in the ocean floor to prove Earth’s magnetic field has reversed itself in history. Scientist also looked at the “magnetic memory” of the rocks. Scientist drilled pipes through water to drill holes into the ocean floor. Scientists discovered that the older rocks were further away and younger rocks were closer. Those were the three types of evidence that scientist used to support the theory of Sea Floor Spreading.

To find out what had been happening below the surface, researchers created 3D images of the mantle portion of the North American Plate. Seismologists image the internal part of the Earth by tracing the paths of seismic waves created by earthquakes as they move through the ground. The waves move faster through colder rocks and less quickly through warmer rocks. Rocks cool and harden as they become older, so the faster seismic waves, the older the rock.

3. The Earth’s average density is 5.5 kg/L. A planet discovered orbiting another star has an average density of 3.2 kg/L. What does this tell us about this planet?

For example, when rocks were dropped into the graduated cylinder, a portion of the water was displaced and the full 130 mL of initial water was not present. Therefore, the actual volume of each rock recorded may not have been accurate because a fraction of the initial volume of water was displaced. A change to the experiment that would yield more accurate results is to find the actual volume of the rock by using a beaker, instead of a graduated cylinder. By using a beaker, the rocks could be dropped at lower levels, rather than higher levels so that portions of the initial water would not be displaced. The lab results proved the prediction wrong, as the lab results showed that granite would be the most dense rock, followed by basalt, and sandstone would be the least dense. The lab results show that when rocks are formed at deeper levels of Earth, their densities would be greater. For example, granite is formed during the crystallization of magma under Earth’s surface, where there is a great deal of pressure. While sandstone is formed on the very top edge of Earth’s surface, where very little pressure is

Scientists discovered that some mountains in the world are made up of the same rock as other mountains in the world. For example, there is a mountain

The __density__ is a measure of how compact or heavy an object is in a given volume (unit: mass per unit volume such as g/mL, g/cm^3 or kg/L). The density is directly related to the mass of the object (unit: usually in grams but can be in kilograms or pounds) and the weight of the object (unit: Newtons). Specific gravity can also be determined by the following formulas:

The earth's crust was formed by hot rocks. The earth's mantle cooled over the time of millions of years. When it was cooling the heaviest metals such as iron and nickle sank to the center of the earth also known as the core. The earths crust is made out of solid rocks and metals. The earths crust is rich of ignious rocks.

Jay and I look into the sky again but this time thinking about how far away we are from the Sun we are from here on Earth. The Titius-Bode relationship helps us learn how the spacing is possible in which it is all mathematical. Spacing-wise, if one were to stand on the sun and measure the distance to each planet in the Milky Way Galaxy, someone would find that each planet would be almost twice as far from the sun as the planet before. All of the planets orbiting the sun are rotating in a ecliptic which is a oval shaped invisible ring that each planet has and follows. When Earth was still forming, the iron catastrophe took place, making the material Earth would be made of turn into a spherical mass. Ultimately, the earth is made of a hot iron core and the outer “shell” of the Earth is called the lithosphere, also known as the crust or, that conveys many different things. As Jay and I walk slowly up the mountain, climbing the so called lithosphere, we think about why we have different types of hydrogen atoms. Some hydrogen atoms are safe like the hydrogen in water but others can be lethal like in hydrogen bomb. This thought can be backed up with the research that the same element can have a different number of neutrons in their nucleus and with those radioactive elements they are called unstable isotopes. The weight of one of these atoms is calculated by mols. To calculate mols,

Today the world now knows for sure, that water flows on Mars. Hydrated minerals on slopes of Mars were found on mysterious streaks of land using a MRO. These streaks appear to flow down slopes during warm season and then fade when the temperature drops. This is the first substantial evidence to support that there is water on Mars. I think that this is really cool because I still believe that on day we will have to live on Mars one day. I don't necessarily want to in my lifetime, but I still think it would be very cool none-the-less.

The thing that created my planet was the Big Bang. The Big Bang caused tiny, and big particles, rocks, and atoms to form together to create my planet. Those particles, rocks, and atoms created four layers in the planet. The crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust makes up 1% of the earth and is the outermost layer. Just below the crust is the mantle. It is the largest layer, and it is semi-solid. Below the mantle is the outer core. Made of 5,000 degrees celsius liquid iron, it creates a magnetic field that protects the earth from deadly particles, and from harmful UV rays. Scientists are even predicting that the poles will flip because of it. The most inner and dense layer is the inner core. It is a solid ball of iron that should be liquid, but due to too much pressure it is solid. How do we know what the layers are made? Seismic waves. There are two types; P-waves

DIATOMITE      Diatomite is a sedimentary rock, that is white and yellowish in color. It is composed of fossilized skeletons of one-celled algae-like plants called diatoms. It is accumulated in marine areas. The Honeycomb sillia structure is useful because of its high absorptive capacity and surface area. It is also very chemically stable.

Earth is in fact an intricate planet that has multiple layers of differing compositions. To be exact the earth has four main layers. The uppermost layer is the one humans come in most contact with, the crust. The crust consists of “thin silicate rock material”(Structure of the). Although the crust is not entirely the same. Actually there are two distinct types of crust, oceanic and continental. “The continental crust is made up of mostly rocks similar to granite while the oceanic crust is much denser and made up of a material similar to basalt”(Structure of the, Rose). The second layer is called the mantle. “The mantle is much denser than the crust and contains similar to the crust mostly solid silicate crust”(Structure of the). “As we travel further down the earth we wind up in the outer core. The outer core is a core of molten nickel and iron. Finally there’s the inner core. The inner is a solid metal core made up of nickel and iron”(Structure of the). All these layers functioning together cast out a magnetic

Surprisingly, the clay held almost 30 times more iridium than the limestone layers above and below the clay. Similar layers in other parts of the world gave the same results. The conclusion was that a giant meteorite hit the Earth 65 million years ago and had released a large

To detect the density of a chemical element or compound there are specific analytical techniques. Specifically, are tree primary approaches used in analytical chemistry for this purpose. First, one is spectrophotometry. It is a method which provides an opportunity to measure the quanity of light of concrete wave dispason which passes through an environment. It’s main function is to see how various compounds of light through a certain amount of wave length. Next is titration in which you use titration to determine the molar

Part 1 Earth's Mantle, Crust, etc. The physical geology of the earth consists of a Core (inner and outer), the mantle, the asthenosphere and the lithosphere. The inner core is primarily a solid ball about 70% the size of the moon and thought to consist of an iron-nickel alloy with a temperature about the same as the sun. The outer core is a liquid layer about 1500 mils thick that is composed of iron and nickel, just below the mantle. The mantle is divided into layers, and is a rocky shell surrounding the core of the earth with about 84% of the total volume of the planet. It is primarily solid and encloses the iron rich hot core and was formed by numerous past incidents of volcanism. Two main zones are in the upper mantle of the earth. The inner asthenosphere that is composed of flowing rock about 200 km thick and the lithosphere which is composed of rigid rock about 50-120 km thick. There is also a thick crust which is the upper part of the lithosphere that surrounds the mantle, anywhere from 5-75 km thick. Additionally, the asthenosphere may be described as being highly viscous that is crucial to the plate tectonic theory in that in spite of its high temperature, pressures keep it malleable and at a relatively low density. The lithosphere is the crust and upper mantle of the earth that is the hard and rigid layer in which humans live. This portion of the earth reacts to the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere through erosion and weathering, resulting the soil forming