Ringworm Research Paper

Tapeworms are flat segmented worms that have a head, neck, and segments called proglottids; the scientific name is Cestoda the flatworm. Animals become infected with these tapeworms from grazing in pastures that have tapeworms in the grass and from drinking water that is contaminated with the tapeworms. When Humans eat the meat from these animals raw or not cooked all of the way they become infected with the tapeworms. Humans can also become infected by drinking contaminated water. Generally the symptoms of being infected with these tapeworms in humans is so mild that they are not recognized and can easily be treated, although in some cases it can become very dangerous.

The lifecycle of a heartworms begins when a female mosquito ingest blood containing microfilariae from a heartworm infected animal. Inside the body of the mosquito, the microfilariae develops into first stage larvae (L1) and then undergoes two more process to develop into third stage larvae (L3) of which is the infective stage. Depending on the temperature, this development process can take between eight and thirty days. At this point, when the infected mosquito attaches to a cat and feeds on its blood, the third-stage larva is transferred into the mosquito bite wound. Within three days of entering the cat, the L3 molt to the L4 stage in the tissues and muscles that lay just below the skin of the cat. After about two months of migrating through the muscles and tissues, the L4 undergoes a final development into immature adult heartworms. Seventy to ninety days post infection, the immature adult heartworms then enter a peripheral vein and are carried by the cat’s blood circulation system to the caudal pulmonary arteries. This is where the majority of heartworms are cleared from the cat due to a mass immune response, but a few may continue development into adults. Once the heartworm develop into adults, they invade the heart first and then spread to other organs in the body and cause

Tuberculosis is caused by the bacteria “Mycobacterium Tuberculosis” and is mainly causes infection of the lungs (WHO, 2016). Its mode of transmission is airborne, so it can be passed on by inhalation of airborne droplets which carrying the bacteria, when an infected patient coughs, sneezes, or spits the TB germs into the air (WHO, 1026). Among the symptoms of active TB are: cough with sputum and blood, chest pains, weakness, fever and night sweats (WHO, 2016). Most at risk to get the TB infection are people with weakened immune system such as people who are suffering from chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, severe kidney disease, silicosis and especially HIV infection (CDC, 2016). Children and Tobacco users are also at greater risk to fall ill with TB.

Tuberculosis (TB) is brought on by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The microorganisms more often than not assault the lungs, however TB microbes can assault any part of the body, for example, the kidney, spine, and mind. Not everybody infected with TB microbes gets to be sick. Therefore, two TB-related conditions exist: latent TB infection (LTBI) and TB infection. If not treated legitimately, TB can be deadly (CDC, 2016). TB microbes are spread through the air starting with one individual then onto the next. The TB microorganisms are put into the air when someone with TB illness of the lungs or throat coughs, talks, or sings. Individuals adjacent may take in these microscopic organisms and also become ill (CDC, 2016). Individuals with TB are well on the way to spreading it to individuals they invest time with consistently. This incorporates relatives, companions, and coworkers or classmates.

Heartworm disease can be fatal to your furry friend if it is left untreated. Foot-long worms are found living in the heart, lungs, and associated blood vessels. These worms can cause severe damage in organs as well as cause lung disease and heart failure. This disease has been found to affect dogs, cats, ferrets, wolves, coyotes, foxes, and sea lions. Which the information I learned from my research, I will be discussing the history of heartworm, what causes it, the symptoms and clinical signs, how to diagnose it, the treatment need, as well as preventing it.

There are several types of tapeworms. Most tapeworm infections cause only mild symptoms and are limited to the intestines. One type of tapeworm, called a pork tapeworm (Taenia solium), can cause a more serious infection called cysticercosis. In this type of infection, tapeworm eggs travel to other areas of the body and cause cysts.

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, which normally affects the lungs, but it can also affect any part of the body, including the bones and the nervous system. The disease is spread easily through prolonged exposure to someone who has the illness, from their coughs and sneezes. For a healthy individual the body’s immune system kills the bacteria and prevents it from spreading in the body, which is known as ‘latent TB’. However, if the immune system fails to fight the bacteria, it can easily spread in the body. Symptoms will develop within a few weeks or months depending on the individual. This is known as an ‘active TB’. The symptoms are, constant coughing that brings up phlegm that may also contain blood, which lasts more than three weeks, combined with weight loss, tiredness and fatigue, loss of appetite and also fever. Without treatment, TB can cause major health problems and if its left untreated can even cause death (NHS 2016).

Course Description: This course is designed to give students the basic skills to organize and summarize data, as well as an introduction to the fundamental principles and application of statistical inference. The course emphasizes an

There are approximately 800 million people that have acquired whipworm infections. Whipworm infections not only occur in humans, but can also occur in animals such as dogs and cats. Contamination with the whipworm usually accidentally occurs as a result of touching the contaminated dirt and then touching the hands to the mouth. Contamination might also occur by not properly washing vegetables or fruits before consumption. After ingestion of the whipworm eggs, the eggs typically travel to the small intestines via the gastrointestinal tract. In the small intestines the eggs then hatch and the larvae grow to maturity. The adult worm them developes in the large intestines. The female worms that are present in the large intestines can begin to transfer eggs into the intestines within two months. Female worms can produce from approximately three thousand to twenty thousand eggs in a twenty four hour

Ringworm is fundamentally a contagious contamination that happens in the skin. The restorative term for ringworm is 'Tinea". The condition is further named for the body 's site where the contamination happens. It would appear that a red aggravated ring with dark textured and sketchy skin inside the ring. It gets extremely scratchy, bothering, and it once in a while stings your skin, enticing you to scratch it all the more regularly. It could likewise spread to distinctive individuals who interact with you on the off chance that you don 't deal with your own particular cleanliness and cleanliness of the things that you use on consistent schedule like towels, garments and articles of clothing, tissue, and so on. The parasite that causes ringworm relies on upon the territory where the individual is being influenced. Tinea corporisis the organism that contaminates the skin, for instance neck, armpits, waist, hands and pubic

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that most commonly affects the lungs. The etiologic agent can be expelled from one infected person via a sneeze or a cough, and enter the air and then the body of another person, leading to another infected person (“Tuberculosis, 2012). According to “What is TB?” (n.d.), someone who has diagnosed tuberculosis but is not receiving any form of treatment can pass the disease to up to 15 people in on year. Treatment of TB is necessary, so if symptoms are ignored, an infected person could die. Prevalence of this disease is not as common in the United States as it is in other countries. In 2014, there were approximately 9,421 reported cases; trends show that TB prevalence continues to decreases each year. Of

The Alveolar Macrophages is a boundary that separates the human body from the outside world, also it’s the primary phagocytes of the innate immune system, which clears the air spaces from infectious, toxic, or allergic particles that have entered the body, and it’s the defence of the respiratory tract. So if the Macrophages does succeed in killing the bacteria, the bacteria starts to replicate, until the Macrophages would burst. After this stage it develops into a disease called Latent Tuberculosis (TB), in this stage the bacteria stays within the body but doesn’t harm it, therefor it won’t cause the individual to get sick. But it will get awakened if the host’s immune system gets weak due to some other disease or illness. If the Latent TB does become active then its lead to reproductive stage. The TB then starts to reproduce Asexually meaning that it reproduces with itself. From here the bacteria’s numbers multiply rapidly, this process is called the Binary Fission. After a period of time, the bacteria is no longer able to multiply in the tubercles due to the bacteria producing anoxic conditions, but even then the bacteria is able to survive for a long time. You immune system tries to destroy this harmful bacteria but in the process might also destroy some parts of your tissue in your body to

Your child can get pinworms by swallowing the eggs of a pinworm. The eggs can be on infected (contaminated) food, beverages, hands, or objects, such as toys and clothing. Once the eggs have been swallowed, they hatch in your child’s intestines. Once grown, the female worms then lay eggs in your child’s anus at night. These eggs then contaminate everything they come into contact with, including fingers, clothing, and bedding. This continues the cycle of infection.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial infection that affects millions of people globally. It is a contagious disease that is spread through the air, and it usually affects the lungs. It is transmitted from person to person through droplets from the respiratory tract of those who are already infected with the disease. Some who are infected with the bacteria that causes TB often exhibit no symptoms, because their immune systems stop the bacteria from growing and multiplying. Those with compromised immune systems are more susceptible to developing the full blown disease which can cause symptoms that include coughing, spitting blood, chest pains, weakness, weight loss, and fever. Tuberculosis can be treated with a six to nine month course of a combination of antibiotics. If left untreated, TB will spread and can be fatal.

Tuberculosis does show any different physical signs than regular tuberculosis. Both forms of tuberculosis show coughing for more than 3 weeks, coughing up blood or mucus, chest pain, fatigue/weakness, weight loss and loss of appetite, fever, and chills (1). Tuberculosis is easily caught by a new patient because the air that is contaminated by a carrier of the bacteria who has been in the room for a rather long time. Meaning if a person visits the carrier and goes into the carrier’s bedroom for an extended length of time, then that person could possibly contract tuberculosis. Not only is immediate contact a key factor in developing tuberculosis, health, where a person lives, and if that person developed tuberculosis in the past. These factors all accumulate and help in the spread of the disease from person to person.