Risk Management Associated With Foreign Currencies

Exhibit 7 from the case study describes the currency development in medium term of the GBP and EURO against the dollar. We can observe that the currencies are exposed to high volatility, which means the company may register greater risk

There are lots of methods to solve the changes in foreign currency and interest rates issue, however, derivative financial instruments are the major tunes Nike enterprise has used to tackle this issue. Despite the fact that this approach does not wipe out comprehensively the risk of foreign exchange, Nike enterprise still utilize it to minimize or delay the negative consequences. Specifically, the derivative financial instruments comprise embedded derivatives, interest rate swap, and foreign exchange forwards and options contracts (Nike annual report, 2014).

Aspen has become a public company withmore risk adverse investors who want to invest in the core business of the firm and not assume any foreign exchange risk. Foreign exchange risk is a core risk to Aspen’s business because they have many customers outside of the United States. We believe that transferring this risk to the customers would limit Aspen’s growth on the foreign markets: Aspen should keep its current marketing strategy, which includes credit installment payments and payments in local currencies for Japan, the UK and Germany. The current risk management program hurts the company because it doesnot consider Aspen’s expenses abroad that balance sales exposures to currency fluctuations. We then recommend that

IntroductionThis report is to check the hedging strategy that was used and lead to the huge loss of CITIC Pacific Limited and point out the importance of managing foreign exchange exposure through select appropriate hedging strategies. The huge loss of CITIC Pacific Limited and its cause is discussed in the first part. The importance of hedging and the tools of hedging are respectively reviewed in part two and part three. Finally, suggestions are given out on how to design proper hedging strategies for different enterprises.

One thing which has been introduced with the emergence of currency derivatives, a participant with a foreign exchange exposure can find easy access to information over rates and future market expectations for the currencies traded. Benefits of trading in the currency futures segment are immense - from accessibility to price transparency and standardization, which in the case of over-the-counter trade is entirely different. As far as accessibility is concerned, currency derivatives offer an online electronic trading platform as opposed to the interbank forex market. In terms of price transparency, an online trading platform makes sure of uniform and real-time price access to all market participants, while in the OTC market one has to rely upon the rates offered by the bank. In

One way to avoid over-hedging is to hedge only the minimum known payment involved in the future transaction. By hedging a portion of the transactions, a company can reduce the sensitivity of its cash flows to exchange rate movements without creating serious mismatches between the hedge and the risk. In this way, ERM — which consists of managers taking a holistic view of their company’s various risks, prioritizing the material ones, and devising ways to curb them — can help CFOs identify the most volatile foreign exchange rates and reduce some of the guesswork involved in deciding how much of their foreign exchange risk to hedge.

Baker Adhesives (Baker) has just made its first foray into international sales and must come to grips with the impact of exchange-rate changes on the profitability of a past order. The company must also formulate a strategy for dealing with exchange-rate risks for future orders. The case is intended as an introduction to exchange-rate risk and the management of that risk. Upon receipt of payment from a past order, the firm realizes that exchange-rate movements have reduced the value of the sale. A follow-on order provides the context for exploring possible mechanisms for managing that risk. In particular, sufficient direction and information is provided to examine both a forward

AIFS wants to offset any change in the exchange rates that may adversely affect their profit margins by using currency forward contracts and currency options. These hedging activities work to offset the three types of risk defined above as bottom-line risk, volume risk, and competitive pricing risk. Since these hedging activities must be put in place two years before the actual year of sales, AIFS must decide the proportion and cost

Currency options is a contract which shows or grants right to buy or sell currencies at a date; however, it is not an obligation to buy or sell the currencies in order to hedge against negative changing in exchange rates. When the option is bought on an exchange, it is done on the over the counter market (OTC).

Multinational organizations enjoy economies of scale that can span between multiple continents. Due to the size of the multinational organization, there can be risks that creates ebbs and flows of profits and expenses based upon multiple currency rate exchange differences. If the multinational corporation owns foreign direct investments, and the currency appreciates in relationship to the dollar, there can be a substantial increase in the revenue generated based upon those currency exchange differences. Conversely, if the U.S. dollar strengthens in comparison to the currency of the foreign invested asset, there may be an attenuation of profits or augmentation of losses. Hedging currency fluctuations through derivatives, futures contracts, and operational spreading of risk can offset a percentage of the risk incurred from foreign direct investment.1

Aspen has become a public company with more risk adverse investors who want to invest in the core business of the firm and not assume any foreign exchange risk. Foreign exchange risk is a core risk to Aspen’s business because they have many customers outside of the United States. We believe that transferring this risk to the customers would limit Aspen’s growth on the foreign markets: Aspen should keep its current marketing strategy, which includes credit installment payments and payments in local currencies for Japan, the UK and Germany. The current risk management program hurts the company because it doesnot consider Aspen’s expenses abroad that balance sales exposures to currency fluctuations. We then recommend that

Risk management and offshore borrowing are some of the activities undertaken by multinational companies to help seal loopholes of foreign exchange risk. Moreover, these multinational corporations have stringent risk management policies used to create efficiency and a concise administration in all financial operations. Investment in foreign countries is also a means through which multinational companies reduce currency risk that may hinder the growth of the enterprise. This practice is also referred to as over the counter finance since it involves the exchange of exchange between two parties without any supervision being required. It is different from exchange trading that

There is a risk that a business ' operations or an investment 's value will be affected by changes in exchange rates. For example, if money must be concerted into a different currency to make a certain investment, changes in the value of the currency relative to the American dollar will affect the total loss or gain on the investment when the money is converted back. This risk usually affects businesses, but it can also affect individual investors who make international investments, also called currency risk (Investorworld).

the possibility of a loss because of changes in the value of a foreign currency

So, in order to prevent the price difference we gained getting eroded from short term or even long term exchange rate volatility, we will need a stable currency market on our back so that our revenue won’t fluctuates significantly every year. However, the currency market is the most volatile market on earth, it will never be stable. And it has come to my attention that due to the huge fluctuation of some currencies’ value, our cost of purchasing goods in some countries has been increased significantly. Moreover, I realized as a new formed company, we don’t have a very matured hedging strategy to offset our currency exposure, also cost of strategy we currently implemented in