Robotic Arm System Literature Review

Looking back in early 80’s, no one thought that world will reshape as it has reshaped. The significant pillar in reshaping the world has been introduction of technology in almost every sector starting from pharmaceuticals to retail stores. There is a reason to call this time as modern time and that reason is technology. Technology has advanced to this extent that robotics are now involved in almost every sector. A small and simple example of robotics can be taken of the electronic shutter installed in a store or shop. The industry of robotics has turned in to billion dollar industry. Industries such as automobile, telecommunication, power generation and steel manufacturing have extensive usage of robotics in production. Japan is among the pioneers

Continuing with the development and improvement of the assembly line, in the 1960s, new machines were invented that allowed for five axes of motion. These devices were called the “Versatran”, and were installed a Ford factory in Ohio. But later in the decade, robots became even more complex adding another axis it can work

The hand is a very important extremity attached to the human body and is used in everyday life. Humans use it doing almost everything. The major systems the body uses to be able to move the hands are the skeletal, muscular and nerves systems. The skeletal system of the hand involves the bones, such as, eight carpal bones, five metacarpal and fourteen finger bones (Istitute for Quality & Efficiency in Health Care, 2013). All connected by joints and ligaments. The muscles include two parts, the thenar eminence and the hypothenar eminence (Istitute for Quality & Efficiency in Health Care, 2013). The thenar eminence moves the base of the thumb, also lets the thumb touch the four fingers; the hypothenar eminence allows the little finger to bend

The history of military robotics dates back to World War II and the Cold War. During those times of spying, weaponry and strategic attacks, these robots were in the form of Germany’s type of robotics and Russian weaponry called “teletanks”.

Industrial robots - Industrial robots are robots used in an industrial manufacturing environment. Usually, these are articulated arms specifically developed for such applications as welding, material handling, painting and others. If we judge purely by application this type could also include some automated guided vehicles and other robots.

Sensor is not a new technology, however, it is just recently applied with devices to detect a movement and activities of the people. The movement and activities tracking are essential for both dementia and relatives. The relatives will know what dementia is doing in the definite time, and can respond to dementia’ actions instantly in case of unpredictable accident occurs. In the other hand, the patients are alerted and reminded by the sensor when they act something appropriately. For example, the movement sensor will alert when dementia is falling and automatically call to dementia’ family to inform the situation. The smart house helps dementia sufferers to continue their life comfortably, and decrease the anxiousness of the relatives for leaving dementia alone

One of the solutions that Pro-sthetic Printers developed is a glove functioning as a prosthetic hand with a rechargeable source located in a “watch” compartment. There will be a number pad on the top of the hand, used to control the motions of the fingers. Each joint will have a number assigned to it, as seen in Figures 1 and 2. The numbers can be pressed in specific sequences to trigger specific types of motion along the joints and grips. The grip can then be released by pressing a cancel button on the number pad. Our idea is to make a new version of the Glove One, which is a robotic glove that has the capabilities of a basic cell phone. This model will have a shape similar to the Glove One model and will also have a similar range of motion. The prosthetic shall be able to slide over the users palm, like a glove, and will have hollow finger protrusions. The hollow finger protrusions allow for the user’s remaining anatomic fingers to work together with the prosthetic fingers. Our model will have five fingers that can be programmed based on the user’s needs. There will also be a velcro strap across the palm to ensure that the prosthetic model will not slip off. The fingers of our model will have different joints so that the user can have a wide range of motion. Our prosthetic model will be able to do more complex motions than just the whole hand grasp, as seen in Figures 3,4 and 5.

Surgery has always conducted by a surgeon and the patient is also co-located in the same room. The surgeon doing the operation with his hands by holding the surgical instruments on his hand. But today, the evolution of robotics in surgical area changes the face of traditional surgery. Today surgeon can sit several feet away from the patient and conduct the operation. Here several robotic arms are mimics the surgeon’s hand. Such systems are now widely available for Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS).

By the turn of the century, Field of automation and robotics have seen a quick growth in each and every aspect whether it is a research or application. Due to this advancement, this field of study needs certain protocols.

The Joystick could be a value effective answer to robotic rehabilitation that uses a poster force feedback joystick together with on-line games designed specifically for handicapped stroke rehabilitation patients. A special hand-wrist orthosis is mounted on the joystick to convey the patient support for taking part in the

Extending your arm is down to your triceps brachii. This is located on the rear of your upper arm, and is the powerful muscle that quickly pushes your elbow out so that you can reach your opponent. Your biceps brachii which are located on the front of your upper arm, are responsible for bending your elbow as you pull your arm back into your original guard position again, ready to throw more punches. In the upper arm there is a pair of muscles which work together to perform these movements; the biceps being the antagonist as it relaxes during an extension of an arm which means the triceps is the agonist as it tenses.

The extended arm project is an extension of the third hand project. Stelarc places a mechanical arm over his right hand and uses his muscle movements to control the robotic device. The extended arm can move individual fingers and rotate the wrist in response to the motion of the

The industrial robots are applied in all branches of the industry. The highest level of application is in the automobile industry, but the number of installed robots is increasing in other industries as well (Karabegovic, Dolecec, Husak, 2011).

In 2011, the first humanoid robotic model R1(Robonaut 1) was sent into space, which opened a new chapter in space exploration. Many years ago, people may doubt that if robots can make quick decisions in response to changing circumstances in space. However, as more and more scientists devoted themselves to artificial intelligence, robotic space exploration becoming developed to discover rest unknowns of the universe. Robots hold plenty of advantages over humans, such as no physical limits, low cost, high production and multifunction.

A hydraulic robotic arm, operating using water must be designed, built, and be tested in approximately two and a half weeks. The entire project consists of detailed design sketches with project notes, numbered parts made on a CAD program, bill of materials and a working prototype.