Role Of Inequality In Sri Lanka

Social inequality is a problematic phenomenon that occurs all around the world and affects both the developed and developing nations. It is defined as “the unequal distribution of social, political and economic resources within a social collective” (van Krieken et al. 2013, p. 205). Inequality is closely connected with social stratification, a system of social hierarchy that positions individuals and groups into categories according to social variables such as class or ethnicity (van Krieken et al. 2013, p. 485). This stratification has a significant impact on the opportunity that an individual may have to move up the hierarchy of inequality (Gill 2017a).

It is a commonly accepted that inequality is increasing throughout the globe, with startling statistics such as the recent Oxfam report indicating that the richest 85 people in the world own more wealth than the poorest 3.5 billion people(Oxfam Australia Media, 2014). Inequality is thought of as disparities or gaps, such as the distance between a low income and a high income household, or the ratio of their incomes (Divided We Stand, 2011). Domestic inequality refers to inequality within a country and

When the resources in a society are distributed unevenly it leads to social inequality. Often inequality is understood as being socio-economic and it is now closely associated with social inequality. “Social inequalities are differences in income, resources, power and status within and between societies. Such inequalities are maintained by those in powerful positions via institutions and social processes.” (Warwick-Booth, 2013 p.2)

Economic class has been one of the reasons behind inequality and discrimination in our society. Inequality is one of the main issues in America, in which people are not provided with equal opportunities. Income inequality is increasing rapidly between people, as the economic progress for lower and middle class is not improving. As a result of income inequality, social inequality is increasing within a society. The difference in payment levels does not only affect the family status, but it also reduces their chances of affording health insurance and providing better education for their children.

society, the idea of income inequality is a frequent topic of argument. Many believe that a large income inequality distribution has a negative effect on a society, while others feel that it has very minor, nonexistent, or even positive effect. Some of the factors that affect the income inequality in the United States are low minimum wages, education, and discrimination of race and gender. The swelling income inequality gap in the United States has created numerous social, health, and human capital problems. There is a ton of information to digest regarding who the majority of money is split between and who is actually benefitting from it. There are numerous factors that affect the income inequality and the data associated with the results of it are rather

Income inequality has been a major concern around the world, and it mainly links to how economic metrics are distributed among individuals in a country. Economists generally categorise these metrics in wealth, income and consumption. Wilkinson and Picket (2009) showed in their studies that inequality has drawbacks that lead to social problems. This is because income inequality and wealth concentration can hinder or delay long term growth. In 2011, International Monetary Fund economists showed that less income inequality increased the duration of countries’ economic growth spells more than free trade, low government corruption, foreign investment or low foreign debt (Berg and Ostry, 2011).

resources, income, and other factors between different sectors in the society. Inequality can be defined

“Income inequality has no necessary connection with poverty, the lack of material resources for a decent life, such as adequate food, shelter, and clothing. A society with great income inequality may have no poor people, and a society with no income inequality may have nothing but poor people” - Robert Higgs. When people think of income inequality they picture poverty and people not having basic necessities. However income inequality is not just a connection to the poor. Income inequality is strongly affected by education attainment, technology, and gender.

What is inequality? It is the difference or variation in size, amount, rank, quality, social position or the fact that one group is more privileged than the other, or it can be based on the unequal opportunity of certain groups on the society. Based on the book ‘’social problems’’ by John J. Macionis, he said that there is an unequal distribution of economic resources, which means that one part of the population has more they suppose to have that the other part does not have enough to support itself. Since 1970s, economic inequality has increased in the United States. In particular, the rich have gotten a lot richer. Economic inequality affects the society and the youth in several ways. Income inequality can lead to the downfall of the country's economy, or it can make it difficult for poor members of the

I only included income inequality, but it stretches beyond that to race, sexuality, status, etc. All of those things need to be addressed by society as a whole, through policies and increasing access to opportunity among the poor.

The majority of the time, people think about inequality as being a combination of social class, race, and ethnicity. As a matter of fact, most people still use appearances to decide if a person comes from a good or bad social class or status depending on their race and the color of their skin, which proves absolutely nothing.

Gender relations and inequality is experienced through lack of educational matters and unfair treatment of women and children, thus in many cases forcing women to run households, while the men are away at work in various seasonal migration jobs at unviable wages. As defined in a classic article, income inequality is “the distribution of total income amongst the represented population” (Gehring13). In outlined studies; evidence can conclude that poor gender relations in fact can be convoluted into other issues such as overpopulation, child malnourishment, low levels of GDP, and GNI. This in fact sounds to be true for what India is experiencing today. The predominant issue of gender inequality has led many down the pathway to poverty

Inequality is not an unfamiliar concept, it has been prevalent for quite some time. Inequality is growing and more people are experiencing the “crisis of inequality”. Many scholars are saying that we are approaching two societies one “black” and one “white” (Walker, Spohn, & DeLone, 2016). There are many different types of inequality, although they all have a similar meanings. Structural inequality can be defined as when one group of people is given a disadvantage or unequal social status than other groups of people (Walker, Spohn, & DeLone, 2016). Structural inequality can be seen through many different relationships or social institutions. Race/ethnicity is one of the largest areas that is affected by social structural inequalities. Structural inequality and crime go hand-in-hand. This is because they both can have an effect on each other, one can potentially be a factor to the other. Race/ethnicity also plays a role in crime causation. All three of these ideas are intertwined and can effect one another. According to Walker, Spohn, & DeLone

“1]. How does social inequality impact people of different nationalities [ethnicities & races], classes, and genders in society.”

Society holds many structures that mould human performance and produce opportunities for some, but inequalities for others (Morrall, 2009). These structures in society are organized by the hierarchies of class, ethnicity and gender (Crossman, 2016). Due to having a society based on hierarchies, social inequalities are inevitable. Social inequality refers to the ways in which a group or individual of a certain social position may receive unequal opportunities or distribution of ‘goods’ such as education, income, living conditions and healthcare (Walker, 2009). These unequal opportunities may be given to someone because of their ethnicity, gender, income, religion or social class (Walker, 2009). For example, people in a high social class will be able to pay for their children to go to a good private school for a good education, whereas lower-class or working class people will struggle to afford the same education.