Roles of Team in Hospitality

Working as a team brings various advantages to the realization of work objectives. Teamwork ensures a maximum involvement of everyone in the team, thereby ensuring all participants to share their strengths and expertise, especially through the distribution of responsibilities among group members. In handling tasks, information is shared while each person can learn from each other. In the essence of productivity, group work increases the likelihood of high level of job performance and effectiveness. When the team is well managed, comparing to a person working by himself/herself, team would be able to come up with more solutions to problem at

Human resources will be consider as important issue when there is a focus of achieving organizational goal and objectives or revising of company policy, employee issues or whether it’s an issues of delivering products and services to the user. Human resource management ensures that organization hold the desired skills required to perform the operations effectively and efficiently. HRM focus on two main factors which are appropriate approach and activities. It refers to the procedure of managing the staff like performing recruitment then selection and doing placement, promotions or termination. It consists of different aspects like planning, profession guidance, job design, training, reward scheme, diversity and protection.

Refer to definition of team, Larson& LaFasto (1989) concludes that a team is a unit of two or more people who interact and coordinate their work to accomplish a specific goal. There are three important components in the definition. Firstly, it should be more than two people. Teams can be large groups and mostly teams have fewer than 15 team member. Secondly, people should have regular interaction and communication with each other. Third, people have a same direction and share a common goal. That means team members collectively desire to achieve a goal. It is important that teams appear characteristics in organisations to internal processes and team performance. Team characteristics can be divided into three parts: team size, diversity and member roles. In terms of team size, psychologist Ivan Steiner found that when there are five people in a team and it still add additional members will caused a decline in motivation, an increase in coordination problems, even general performance will decline (Yang, 2006). Refer to diversity, Robinson & Dechant (1997) points out research supports the idea that diverse teams can produce more innovative and creative idea to solute different problem. In a successful team, in order to maintain its member communicated healthily and to finish its task, it is necessary to have two types of roles: task specialist and socio-emotional. As a manager, managing a team should choice right type of team to accomplish task and balance the size and diversity

Project – this organization structure is temporary and is designed to achieve specific results while using teams of specialists from different areas within the company (Chand, n.d.) Once the project is over, the team members may be disbursed back to their original position or be assigned to another project. This style is good to use when there is a unique and unfamiliar to the company, work is not repetitive in nature, and critical in terms of possible gains or loses (Chand, n.d.). The project manager and the functional manager shares the authority over the project team members which could cause a conflict.

Human resource management refers to the management of the tasks involved in human or personnel matters in the management process. Human resource management includes: job analysis; development of human needs planning and recruitment; training and development; compensation and welfare management, performance evaluation; labor relations management.

The term human resource is defined as a system of activities and strategies that focus on successfully managing employees at all levels of the organization to achieve organizational goal (Niles, 2013). Human resource management is the process of proper use of available limited skilled workforce. The main purpose of the human resource management is to make efficient use of existing human resource in the organization.

Over the last few years, work teams have become a common and increasing characteristic of organisational life. Organisational successes, gains in productivity, quality and profitability are all attributed to team working. There are a number of factors which contribute to the performance of teams; for instance, the organisational structure within which the team works, the type of task to be accomplished, resources available and the characteristic of the team and the team members. The last, the characteristics of team members, is the subject of this note.

diversity of careers in tourism and hospitality makes it impossible to cover every job description. But

Hospitality industry is one of the world¹s largest employers and brings people together in a global community. It is undergoing a significant change with cross-border expansions in high-growth markets and the threat of digital or tech disruptors. This is redefining the roles, responsibilities and capabilities of leaders in the industry and has created a demand for professionals with a strategic mindset, agility, strong leadership skills, and financial sophistication. Moreover, characteristics of the industry such as dynamic travel trends, labour intensive workforce from different cultures, long operating hours, intense competition and fast pace of developments requires a leader to have broad understanding of property-development skills as well as operating skill-sets. Leaders should have a clear understanding of the company’s brands and its strategies as they enter new markets.

Manager’s of an organization has to use structure to help the company run efficiently. “The five types of organizational structures are functional, divisional, matrix, team-based, and virtual network” (Draft, 2013, p.316). Functional structure in an organization that is developed by grouping departments by the skills, level of knowledge, activities done daily, and the resource used. “This structure places specific departments from the bottom to the top” (Draft, 2013, p.318). For example, specific departments such as: human resources, accounting, engineering, and manufacturing are placed at the top, while there are mostly seen at the bottom in other organizations. While common functions such as; people, facilities, and other resources are combined together as a single department instead of being divided into multiple departments.

Organisation structure defines pattern of how the activities, communication, control and determine how the responsibilities and information follows between the different levels of management, so organisation achieve its goal with right structure. (Pettinger.2007, p421) There is many ways organisation can be structured such as; flat structure is flat and one person at top, everyone else report to tope and gives them equal involvement. Hierarchy structure is the biggest structure with many levels of layers. Hierarchy is used by most large organisation and the levels are one above the other and one person has number of workers under them within their span of control. Tall structure is tall with many level of hierarchy with many management levels. It’s one of the most complicated and complex structure with slower respond. (Bounlesscom, 2014)

In order to get maximum output from employees, teams are being made in the organization. There are different types of teams. Depending on the needs of an organization, teams are being configured to get the success. Broadly we can

As the article of journal is The Discipline of Teams, the article itself has reflected the purpose and content of the journal as well as illustrate and deliver to the readers the authors' ideas and point of view around the term "team". In order to enhance high performance, through the article, the authors' intention is to demonstrate how teams can create impact on effectiveness and high performance of an organization by emphasis on the actual definition of team, differentiate team from other terms such as working group or project group, explain what is discipline of team and the benefit of it, identify the elements, values and requirements to build a successful team and gain value from teamwork. Furthermore, the article also pointed out the possible issues of team and challenges that might come up when building team or during the team performance process.

Moreover, the range of an effective team is between 2 and 25 people, except the suitable size of team, the right mix of skills is also important for teams. In addition, each team member of a successful team, they make equivalent amounts of real work; and management needs to apply human resources skills by knowing mutual discovery. Furthermore, team accountability is the promise the team members make to themselves and other members, meanwhile, trust and commitment is indispensable things in a successful

The purpose of this study is to identify establishing teamwork is difficult in an organization. The study has partially discussed the problems and consequences a manager faces at different levels as the team evolves in an organization. The study takes through all the major aspects of team and its evolvement, managerial-roles, specifications, pros and cons, internal and external environment, human-behavior, culture in an organization and its effects on teamwork. Study has also briefed few management theorists who have their approaches on teamwork and exampled few organizations found relevant in the context of teamwork.