Roman Emperor Caligula

Theodosius I was a former military general who grew up as a well-educated Christian in Spain. When in the army, he served under his father, Theodosius the Elder. After his father was convicted of treason and exiled, Theodosius retired to his native country until he was summoned by Gratian, then a leader of the Western Empire, to become co-augustus (co-emperor) of the Eastern Roman empire. Early into his rule, Theodosius faced many challenges that were threatening the empire. He had no experience dealing with the Greek-speaking areas of Rome. He had never even visited the capital, Constantinople. The Goths were invading the northern borders, but the Roman army was growing smaller and weaker and wasn’t able to defend the empire. Romans were growing dissatisfied with the condition of the empire and were losing morale. As an emperor, Theodosius had to undertake the challenge of bringing the empire back from the brink of defeat. Despite his impulsivity and difficulty controlling his emotions, Theodosius I deserves to be nominated to the Roman Emperor Hall of Fame because he was able to bring unity and

The military campaigns of the Caesars made Rome one of the largest empires of the ancient world. Suetonius conveys through his writings that being a good military leader and a good Caesar were synonymous. Augustus, who Suetonius thought an excellent leader, reunited the eastern and western halves of the Roman Empire ( 51) and greatly expanded Romes territory (53). Augustus “showed not only skill as a commander, but courage as a soldier” in the eyes of his contemporaries (47). On the other hand, both Caligula and Nero, considered poor leaders by Suetonius, had very limited military success and aspirations. Only once did Caligula initiate a military exploit, and it was rife with his madness. His campaign into Germany was on a whim and all he accomplished was receiving the surrender of a

The “human form” has changed through art over long periods of time and how each civilization uses their own style to create these pieces is how art gets its depth. I'm going to be talking about one of each sculpture from every major period and explain how each one has its own flavor and own unique style. I will be talking about the Prehistoric period, Egyptian style, Greek style and Roman styles. I also have a list of vocabulary words i will be pointing out in bold to explain how these are used in sculptures.

“Tiberius was the second emperor of Rome and a highly-successful soldier whose reputation for arrogance and debauchery is probably unfounded” (BBC History)

Based on this picture, or primary source, we can assume that the figure shown is a hero or a respected person in society. This person obviously was part of a higher level of society, judging by the fact that he has a statue made of him to allow his legacy to live. Statues usually signal some form of legacy or something that should be recognized. Based on my extra research, I have found out that Cincinnatus is said to have won a war against an entire army in one day, and triumphed over Rome. He then proceeded to resign and go back to his small farm. He was a hard-working civilian who took over as dictator for a short time to help out and

When we think about the historical significance of Rome, it comes down to its leaders and how these leaders ruled in their era. Confidence, commitment, inspiration, intuition, and creativity, are all essential traits that a ruler must possess. In my opinion, no one has demonstrated these important characteristics better than Caesar Augustus, or better known as Octavian. Octavian showed how good of administrator he was, which was well needed after years of civil strife and social unrest. On the other hand, military genius, Julius Caesar, was lacking in administrative qualities which infect, lead his era to have a period of civil war and bloodshed.

Constantine the ruler of the Roman Empire had been surrounded by many controversies during his reign (Cameron, 14). He was the son of a great warrior and he defeated Manutius a great ruler at Milia Bridge. He had gained much respect and admiration among the Romans as a fair ruler. He emerged as a ruler who supported Christianity and then became popular as a Christian ruler himself. His reign and victory over the Roman Empire is a significant event in the history of Christian religion. With the Edict of Milan in 313 Christianity was recognized as a religion, and the followers were free to practice Christianity without fear. It has been argued that Constantine failed to treat different religions equally as paganism (Cameron, 57). Constantine also sponsored churches, promoted Christians to high government ranks, exempted taxes for the clergy. In the latter days of his rule Constantine had a stricter approach towards Christianity and professed that there is one God, the Christian God. He rewarded building temples into churches. He played a key role in framing important church policies namely The Council of Arles, A.D. 314 and The Council of Nicaea, A.D. 325.

Have you ever waged war against your wife? Caesar Octavian Augustus did. Augustus was a great leader. Leaders are necessary because they need to show leadership amongst the people and unite the people as one doing anything to keep them safe. Caesar Octavian Augustus was one of Rome’s greatest leaders by showing that at the age of 19, he can rule one of the most powerful nations by any means including war (http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/augustus.html)

When discussing Augustus and Caligula it is simple to bring up the subject of public works and law. Augustus had the most success with his many projects, including the Temple of Mars the Avenger, the Palatine Temple of Apollo, and the Temple of Jupiter the Thunderer on the Capitol. Many colonnade, basilica, and theater were erected and named after relatives. He urged many renowned

“A mission from the city found him at work on his land - digging a ditch, maybe, or plowing” (Spielvogel p. 118). If it were not for him being in this line of work, he may not have been chosen or got the opportunity to be the Dictator of Rome. On the other hand, the Romans were dreading Cincinnatus as a dictator, this may have been mostly because he was not very wealthy, again, people tend to believe that money and power go hand in hand. In the end, he proved to them that he could be a great dictator when he raised an army, marched out, and defeated the Aequi (Spielvogel p.118). This helps to demonstrate why the story of Cincinnatus had such a strong appeal to most Romans. He stepped in as their leader by defending and defeating the Aequi who lead a tremendous amount of attacks on the Romans before Cincinnatus halted them. The fact that they had a strong army and good leadership in the story might be specific elements that inspire the

Caligula also suffered from a chronic inability to sleep, a common symptom of epilepsy. Rather than being almost equal to his people, he acted godlike. Senators were forced to kiss his feet, and at dinner parties, he seduced their wives. He restored the treason trials and executed allies and enemies. Sometimes, Caligula’s harsh actions were unexplained. For instance, when he was about to slaughter an animal for sacrifice, he turned and struck a priest nearby, killing him. During this time, Caligula was also spending more money than he had, and soon, the Roman treasury was bare. To get more spending money, he began to blackmail the rich of Rome. Caligula still saw himself as a god, and he ordered a statue of himself be built in the Temple of Jerusalem. Herod Agrippa convinced him otherwise. Finally, in 41 AD, after his return from Gaul, Caligula was murdered by the people he called allies, including members of his protectors. To avoid backlash, his wife and daughter were also killed, and he was succeeded by his uncle, Claudius.

The Imperium Romanum (Roman Empire) was a vast domain containing large territorial holdings in Europe and the Mediterranean. Beyond the empire however consisted of barbarous nations that were a constant threat to the Roman boundaries. For this reason, it was necessary for well-functioning frontier policies to be administrated and sustained to protect the outskirts of the empire from invasion. During the Julio-Claudian dynasty both Tiberius and Claudius established many effective frontier policies during their Principates. In addition to securing the frontiers, both also provided stability in the empire through the maintenance of the Pax Romana (the peace of

Ever wondered what it takes to be a good king or ruler? Julius Caesar is one of the most famous rulers of all time. He was one of Rome’s greatest and most powerful leaders. His changes to the empire helped take Rome to new levels of success. The life of Caesar was short, yet great. It is important to learn about this great man and his many accomplishments.

Following the assassination of Caesar, in accordance with his great uncle's will, Octavius held celebratory games in Caesar's honor. Doing so, at great personal expense, he garnered the overwhelming support of the public as well as Caesar's legions of troops. Due to the huge importance the Roman citizenry placed on games Augustus won the support of the

Julius Caesar, a man born in around 12 to 13, 100 BC, was considered the start of a new legacy in the history of Rome. Participating in several wars, becoming dictator after forming multiple military alliances, to being assassinated on the Ides of March, Julius Caesar was a politically-flexible, popular leader of the Roman Empire. (Julius Caesar Biography, April 23, 2014) Although Caesar’s birth was never confirmed on the exact date, he was born and raised by his mother, Aurelia, and by his father, Gaius Julius Caesar. (Julius Caesar: Historical Background, April 23, 2014)