Rota Virus Case Study

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) causes acute respiratory tract infection in patients of all ages and is one of the most popular diseases of childhood. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, which manifests primarily as bronchiolitis and/or viral pneumonia, is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract (LRT) infection in infants and young children. RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis (inflammation of the small airways in the lungs) and pneumonia in children under one year of age in the United States. During the first year of life, most infants are infected with the virus. Most RSV infected children encounter

Each year more than 90,000 infants are hospitalized with the RSV infection, and nearly 75% of bronchiolitis cases and more than 50% of pneumonia cases are hospitalized also because of the infection. The infection usually lasts from four to twenty-one days. If the infection is severe it could last a lot longer. By the age of two most children has had the infection. There are new developments in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of RSV infection in infants and children. Early childhood recognition can help to minimize the morbidity and

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has a seasonal and yearly incidence, usually between November and April. It is responsible for high infant morbidity and mortality worldwide.. By the first year of life, 60% of children are infected, and almost 100% are infected by 2 years of age. (Saso,&Kampmann,2016). The more common age for hospitalizations occur between 2-3 months of age, and is the leading cause of infants being hospitalized in the developed world, accounting for 2 % of admissions during the winter season. (geerdink,Pillay,Meyalard,2015). The natural RSV infection in those younger than 6 months does not adequately develop a long-lasting immunological response, making reoccurrence of infection likely to reoccur. RSV is an infection that causes cold-like illness that can also cause otitis media, rhinitis, bronchitis, croup, and, pneumonia. Although RSV can cause different reactions, Bronchiolitis is the most common form of occurrence in the pediatric population. This virus is very caustic to the respiratory lining for vulnerable infants, that it increases the risk for respiratory diseases in later years of childhood.

RSV is the most common cause of LRTI’s leading to morbidity and mortality in children across the world. Most children have acquired an RSV infection by the time they reach 2 years of age. It is typical to see these infections during the winter/early spring seasons in temperate regions, and during the rainy seasons in tropical areas. This is likely due to the increase of indoor crowding related to weather. The transmission of RSV requires close contact by either a large particle aerosol, or by contamination of hands followed by an inoculation into the eye or nose. Secondary infections are seen in in family contacts of an individual with a primary case due to their close contact.

Rotavirus causes inflammation of the stomach and intestines; it effects infants and young children often causing severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, and dehydration. Tetanus toxoids (lock Jaw), pertussis (whooping cough), and diphtheria which is described as a thick covering in the back of the throat, are all included in the TDaP vaccine. Diphtheria may lead to breathing difficulties, paralysis, heart failure, and even death. The hemophilus influenza type B vaccine which prevents meningitis (an infection of the covering of the brain and spinal cord), pneumonia, and epiglottitis (a severe throat infection). Pneumococcal vaccine protects against streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria which can cause severe ear infections and meningitis.

A mother brings their toddler in to the clinic, with what they think is a cold but a nurse wonders if the child could possibly have respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). A cold and RSV are a lot alike, in the way that they both may come across as “cold-like symptoms,” but this is not the case. Throughout this report one will find out what the differences between a common cold and RSV are, the signs and symptoms a toddler may have with this virus, the treatments one may face and ways to prevent this awful and dangerous virus. The purpose of this report is to deepen one’s understanding of the respiratory syncytial virus and explain the dangerous

As children reach their teen years, their risk of becoming ill due to preventable, life-threatening infectious diseases considerably rises. In order to protect adolescents now and into adulthood, we strongly believe that ALL children should be vaccinated.

Because of advancements in medicine, vaccinations are becoming a widespread medium in the prevention of disease. They have provided the eradication and immunity to many deadly diseases such as smallpox, polio and rubella. Although there is no law that mandates the vaccination of children, they are necessary to prevent the infliction of disease and harm. By making the decision to vaccinate their children, a parent has the potential to save their lives.

Summary: This article discusses reasons that children over six months should receive annual flu vaccinations (Komaroff). Dr. Anthony Komaroff talks about four reasons to get protected from the flu; the flu can be hazardous to chilren, the flu vaccine does not give a person the flu, “the flu shot is safe” and the vaccine protects more than the recipient (Komaroff). The flu can be hazardous to chilren, especially for children who suffer from asthma or have “chronic health problems” like diabetes (Komaroff). There are strains of the flu that are “particulary danferous for” children, some can even result in death (Komaroff). The flu vaccine does not give a person the flu because the vaccine is made of “virus that had been killed” (Komaroff). There

Vaccination: 100% effective against infection with 6, 11, 16, and 18 if administered prior to exposure to the viruses (Dempsey & Davis, 2006).

My ideal audience for this presentation would include new and parents to be, so that they are able to make educated decisions with regards to vaccinating their children. The information about vaccinations will be beneficial for every person in the world. This presentation will also be educational to any person that plans to become a parent, or a grandparent, at any time in the near, or not so near, future.

Thank you Prianca for taking the time to share about the cytokines and their interaction in the inflammatory process of the Rheumatoid Arthritis. Indeed, the epidemiology incidence of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is increasing every minute. Like you well explain above in your post, we have more than 1.3 million of people in the US affected with RA (Ruderman & Tambar, 2013) and 1 percent of the worldwide population is affected with RA (Lubberts & Berg, 2003). It seems like this epidemic is going to continue. 75 percent of that 1.3 million are women, and statistically, 1 of 3 women may get rheumatoid arthritis in their life. Rheumatoid arthritis can affect anybody at any age, but in most of the cases, the disease begins in the 40’s and 60’s (Ruderman & Tambar, 2013).

The average participant was a white and was around the age of 32. Close to one-third of the participants were female and two-thirds were males. They all had an average symptom duration of 2-and-a-half-years along with the average baseline BASDAI score of about 5.9 and a bone marrow edema SPARCC score of at least 2. Of all the participants, an MRI found that 82% had sacroiliitis, it also found that 70% had inflammation.

Despite the fact, that some people believe that vaccination is bad, majority of the population still getting vaccinated yearly. One of the diseases children might experience is rotavirus which is major cause of severe acute gastroenteritis or AGE. Previously it infected nearly every child in United States by age of 5 years old until “routine rotavirus vaccination on United States infants began in 2006” (245). There were two studies conducted that proved that vaccination protects children from certain diseases. (name of the study) provided many rated based on their study and it showed that “rotavirus vaccination had dramatically decreased rates of hospitalization for rotavirus infection among children in United States countries” (245). The study demonstrated a burden of severe

Some countries are not fortunate enough to get the routine vaccinations for themselves or their children. Also, it will be difficult to determine who’s contracted the disease from abroad so we must protect ourselves and family.