Routine Trichromacy In Primates

According to my observation, even though Chimpanzee, and Gorilla are similar, they differ in many other ways when we go deeper in physical, and behavioral traits. However, both species also share the majority part of their DNA with Humans. Based on some reliable researches, some scientists realized that humans did not come from apes but instead shared common ancestors. As a matter of fact, humans and Primates are different, but share most of their genome, explaining why we found some similar patterns of behavior among humans, and

Food requirement variations lead to color vision being an exponentially valuable trait in the evolutionary success of the primates based on its influences in foraging behavior. If an animal is unable to discriminate a piece of fruit from being ripe or unsafe to eat, they could potentially become sick, thus negatively impacting their chances of reproduction and survival (Regan et al., 2005).

The observations of Common Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus) and Western Gorillas (Gorilla Gorillas) were made on 31th October, 2015 at the San Francisco Zoo where is located on 1 Zoo Road San Francisco, CA 9413. The observations has lasted about 3 hours, from 1:40 pm – 4:40 pm, and each primate has been observing for around 1 to 2 hours. Common Squirrel monkey is a small new

Scientists have been studying the diets of primates, our closest relatives, to better understand our dietary

New technologies and advancement in the area of field research has allowed biologist and primatologist to analyze information more effectively and efficiently. Through the non-invasive collection of fecal samples, researchers are able to extract and analyze DNA to help determine individual attribute, as well as population dynamics. In addition to DNA, fecal samples also contain hormones and parasites that help in determining the overall health of the depositor (Newton-Fisher NE, 2010). Other technologies include the use of Geographic Information Systems allows for mapping the ranges of chimpanzees, and satellite imagery is used to view the

Orangutan was the primate I decided to select for this primate observation. The monkey was enclosed in a large cage with two other monkeys (same species). It seem to be comfortable and unbothered of its surroundings. The monkey was just sitting observing everything around them, for example us the visitors. These primates are known to be unique thinkers. They are very quiet than other primates, patient, and problem solvers. The staff from the Los Angeles Zoo, provides a variety of enrichment through diet, I noticed a staff giving the monkeys vegetables: carrots, lettuce, and other that I didn’t quite notice. Being able to observe the lives of the Orangutans enclosed in the zoo, are very different

John Dalton has been known to have discovered his own colour blindness in the year of 1794, seeing pink as blue and scarlet as green. The vitreous humor is known as a gel that can fill a space that is in-between the lens and retina of the eyeball, it’s also known as vitreous body. There are around 1 in 12 man and 1 out of 200 women that colour blindness affects in their everyday life, there are also different types of colour blindness that affects many such as Deuteranomaly or Protanomaly are also known as red-green where they find it difficult to see reds, greens, browns and oranges. Monochromatic which is seeing no colour at all. In a person’s eye there are three colours that make up all the colours that show in someone that is colour blind they have a faulty hue of colour and

Taking a color blindness test is extremely useful, because you may not know if you are color blind. By taking the test I had mixed results of Tritanomaly and Tritanopia and normal vision. When I first took the test Tritanomaly and Tritanopia were my results. Tritanomaly and Tritanopia is a mild color blindness to certain hues of blues and yellows. So, this means that to me some blues appear more green and yellows can appear to me as violet-gray. I did more research on this form of color blindness and it is from a lack of blue cone cells and is also extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder in men and women. Just for safe measure, I decided to take the test

In another research conducted by Dr. Gerald Jacobs, Professor of Psychology at the University of Santa Barbara, dogs were given three circles of varied colors and were taught to choose the one that looked “different”. The dogs couldn’t pick out the odd one out when they were presented with colors they supposedly couldn’t detect. However, when they were offered with colors that they can perceive, they were able to point out the “different” one. Through this test, the researchers were able to conclude which colors dogs have trouble detecting, and which ones they can see with no problem. This also cemented the idea that dogs see in dichromatic vision, same as color-blind

Colobus uses sense to choose their breakfast which nonprimate mammals do not use. Apes and other Old World monkeys possess trichromatic vision which allows them to perceive across the visible spectrum (from blue to red) (Carroll, 45). On the other hand, most nonprimate mammals are dichromats hence they cannot differentiate between red from green. This adaptation helps the animals to select nutritious leaves which are easy to digest.

When it comes to people, we all possess three color receptors within our eyes, allowing us to see visual light as we know it. However, there are many animals who have even more. The more receptors that an animal has, the more they can see. Topping the charts is the Mantis Shrimp, who have upwards of twenty color receptors, allowing them to see not only the visual light that humans see, but also into the invisible spectrums of ultraviolet and polarized light.

Humans have three cone cells that are extremely sensitive to Red, (620-700nm), Green (490-570nm) and Blue (450-495nm) wavelengths of light. Although these three cones are most sensitive to these wavelengths, they are still sensitive to the remaining wavelengths of visible light between 400-700nm. When a light with a wavelength of 600nm is transmitted through the retina, the Red and Green cones capture, sense and signal the brain that orange light is observed. In this case the Red and Green cones absorb light but the Green cones are less sensitive. Also, the Blue cones don’t absorb much light and are not sensitive

Introduction: The gene that codes for red-green color blindness, the most common form of color blindness in humans, is found on the X chromosome. One in 12 males is color blind. In females, however, color blindness affects only about 1 in 200. Why is

In evolutionary terms colour and the way it is perceived is an important aspect. Sumner and Mollon (2000a) conducted research looking into the photopigments and the detection of targets. They found that the L/M subsystem provides an advantage for the detection of fruits and leaves. This led them to their conclusion that finding these foods may have been an essential selective advantage in the original development and maintenance of primate trichromacy, and thus the process of colour perception can be beneficial to primates. Despite having the same visual system, the research is problematic as it was conducted on animals, and thus the findings may not be the same when applying it to the human concept of colour vision. Further support towards the evolutionary basis of colour perception comes from Bompas, Kendall and Sumner (2013) who found that normal trichromats made faster responses and fewer errors than their colour deficient competitors. This shows that colour is an important aspect and both of these research findings combined suggest enhanced survival due to the way in which colour is

Reliable DNA analysis is also important in the management of wild life. In the case of Wedrowicz, the koala population is being threatened and the need for data on their genetic diversity is of extreme importance. However obtaining the DNA from the koala is not a simple task, this is due to cost, stress, and ethics of capturing a koala. Sometimes the only way to obtain a sample of DNA is by the collection of scats. This means that once the DNA sample is obtained it must be rushed to the lab for extraction while the sample is still fresh. Obtaining this DNA can allow for analysis of population, breeding, and habitat of not only koalas, but of many other mammals (Wedrowicz, Faye, 2013).