Rural Development in India

The application of RTI can act as a deterrent against misutilization of funds meant for rural development programmes. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) aims to provide 100 days of guaranteed wage employment to every rural households18. Social Audit and pro-active disclosure are its prominent feature to ensure to transparency and accountability in the implementation act. However, If these tools are accompanied by active application of RTI,these can bridge the gap in the implementation of this historical legislation. Thus it can play a significant role in effective implementation of act and proper utilization of funds. Considering the advantages of RTI, it becomes clear that act need to be strengthened. The following

However, the concept of rural markets, in India, is still evolving and possesses like any other sector its own set of opportunities and challenges. The primary objective of this study will be understanding

South Asia is one of the most densely populated regions of the world, where despite a slow growth, agriculture remains the backbone of rural economy as it employs one half to over 90 percent of the labor force. Both extensive and intensive policy measures for agriculture

Poverty in rural areas of India is associated with multiple factors. Rural population is primarily depended upon agriculture. Unusual pattern of rain and low standard irrigation system severely affect the incomes of the people living in rural areas. Caste system of India still exists in rural areas where people belonging to lower castes lack the opportunities to grow and subsequently earn

Providing primary education and health services to women and girls. In addition to that, it also encourages the growth of farmers and rural dwellers by providing needed

A lot of hope reside on the upcoming government. Along with the expectations that Modi will change the landscape of the country, there also lies the obvious advantage of a majority government where the government will tend to less fractious and prone to disharmony thus facilitating quick introduction of reforms. This can be seen in the present context where Modi has announced a myriad number of development schemes to address the critical issues of the country. Some of them that are in the news are Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana, Make in India, labour reforms are so on. Even though the efforts are commendable, implementing the schemes to have the intended effect will be a big task in itself. We would like to go through some of these schemes to check whether they are holistic enough or address the underlying problems and the potential roadblocks in their effective implementation.

India is the fastest growing economy, yet it home for 1/3rd of the world’s poor1. Post liberalisation in 1991, India has registered a tremendous growth in its economy. But along with this rapid growth, there has been a significant increase in the inequalities in the distribution of wealth and income. Though cities have grown rapidly, the growth in rural areas have been rather slow or stagnant.

At the beginning of the implementation of PPAs, in other ways, it called the first generation of PPAs, there were some limitations existing in the process of PPAs, first it was still largely influenced by the donors perspective, the donor had played a big role in the research and policy making, furthermore, another key actor was government, it needed a good communication with the local government if they wanted to get a country level ownership of implementation and clear assessment result, but the quality of this dialogue was always not reaching their expectations. In addition, it

India is a developing country. The factors hindering development of the country are many. Some of them can be attributed to the low per capita income and larger chunk of the population living under the poverty line. India is a country with poor people but with rich natural resources. It can be said that the country’s potential is either the human resource or the natural resources are not adequately utilized to the maximum extent and that resulted in low per capita income. India is an agrarian economy. The economy is marred with unemployment and under employment. Since the economy is basically agrarian, disguised unemployment is also rampant among the farmer community.

Planning is for the common people and for the community development then it should not be complete concern of the planners or the central policy makers; rather it should be the concern of the whole community and whole society. Thus the traditional planning process needs to be revised and modified to make room for the common people to take part in the decision making process. The local communities, elected

across rural India. According to the article, “Maharashtra drought: 12-year-old dies of heat stroke while fetching water for family”, as the title states young children are bearing a similar amount of stress as the females in the families. The girl was dehydrated after she made four trips to fill water at the water pumps. Women are the breadwinners in their households; their lives are at stake with the physical and emotional stresses that searching for water can have on them. Another example is that there is a video surfacing a few years back that showed two women at a busy water pump station. They were fighting and throwing all of the other buckets at each other, because there was a woman who cut in front of the other. As one can tell water, is the most necessary resource for household management is considered as the sole responsibility of the women. The grim reality is that women who manage water in the household and crops substantially increase the burden of their responsibilities with their lack of access to water, specifically clean water.

Equity challenge: India is definitely developing in a much faster pace now than before but in spite of that it can be easily identified that developments is not equal in every ware. To get the complete growth, it is important to make sure that the both the rural area and urban area have the same amount of development.

The Rural Development Institute (RDI) was first conceived in 1966 when an article about Pacific land reform was brought to the attention of Roy Prosterman by one of his students. The article argued that an effective way for land reform to happen in Latin America was through confiscation and redistribution. Prosterman disagreed with the approach and wrote a rebuttal to the article emphasizing democratic markets and stating that compensation must be given during the process of acquisition (Prosterman, 1966). The article was noticed by the US government and Prosterman was soon called before congress and offered a chance to prove his theory; he would be able to test the merits of his ideas in war-torn Vietnam. Roy’s goal was to give locals the tools required to become self-dependant farmers who could support their families and would therefore be less likely to join the fighting as part of the Viet Cong. From 1970 to 1973, Roy and his new found organization were able to provide over 1 million citizens with plots of land and drastically reduce Viet Cong recruitment in the region (Prosterman, 1970). The lessons taken from his time in Vietnam have allowed Prosterman and the RDI to begin fighting the root causes of poverty and inequality in the poorest parts of India, China, and Sub-Saharan Africa.

Various levels of government are claiming to be doing one thing or the other to reduce the suffering of the rural dwellers; the Federal, the State, and the Local government, but lack of proper coordination of their programmes make the impact not be felt by the rural community.

The credit for the development in India 's economy in terms of size and dimensions to global workforce is both the formal and informal sector. Recent attempts to bring some policy for the welfare of the informal sector by the government cannot be overlooked. This sector includes all private enterprises owned by individuals or partnership basis with less than ten workers. With social scientists studying informal sector, there is a disagreement on the potentiality of this sector in contributing growth of the economy; nearly 92 percent of labour is in informal sector and 8 percent in formal sector. The Government of India formed the National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sector whose purpose was to enhance the quality of work and livelihood welfare if the workers in the informal sector such as farmers, farm labourers and workers. It 's main objective was to bring about improvement in the productivity of the enterprises in this section, bring in labour laws, labour rights, social security for this mass of workers. But implementing these welfare measures is challenging as this will need strong commitment from the State Governments and welfare agency boards. Although the corporate sectors can be asked to contribute to this national funds; this will surely bring socio-economic welfare for the informal sector. The State when starting the policy for development for this sector must ensure that work and livelihood of the working workers is not displaced and there is