Rural Livelihood

i. It has been stated that one of the most important forms of capital is human capital. While all the other forms of capital help us in different ways, human capital is an actual investment in humans and our ability to learn.

South Asia is one of the most densely populated regions of the world, where despite a slow growth, agriculture remains the backbone of rural economy as it employs one half to over 90 percent of the labor force. Both extensive and intensive policy measures for agriculture

Many companies rely on three financial resources when they are managing the operation. The three operations are land, labor, and capital. The land is a symbolization of the physical resources used to create its goods and service. Capital is the current money used to obtain human labor and resources.

Social capital is “the social knowledge and connections that enable people to carry out their goals and extend their influences.”(1) When joining an organization, members are optimistic of achieving social capital. They aspire to connect with others who have similar interests, and strive to influence people of their beliefs and views. Members have high hopes of impacting society one day.

Whether you may know it or not, we will all possess some type of capital in our lives. Capital is everywhere, and is a wide-ranging idea that is beneficial to a society and people alike. There are many types of capital; however, Cultural capital and Social capital are two common types of capital that have been studied by Sociologists for decades. Cultural capital refers to non-economic things like skills and arts, and social capital refers the benefits of social networks.

Natural resource: is something from nature such as land. Water and farms. Companies use land for industrial and commercial purpose. Natural resource is the foundation to produce good or service. Because of the demand fast food increase. Macdonalds required a large quantity of beef so they need to import beef from different suppliers or farms .

Local Food Security - Another Accomplish of Root Capital is its investment in Freshco in Kenya. Root Capital loaned $871 000 over 3 years providing Freshco with the capability of providing farmers with higher quality maize crops which had more disease and drought resistance, therefore creating higher yield for each farmer’s crops. This increase in yield increased food quality and quantity for local populations also expanded their economic market impact.

| Positive social interactions can have favorable impacts on cardiovascular health and the immune system.

Social capital connections have three elements: (1) Networks, (2) trust that is specific to the networks, and (3) access to resources that are enabled by the network. When an organization or a friend helps someone access resources needed to meet their goals, positive social capital is represented.

Social Capital is a crucial part of the society that we live in today, x(Monti, D. J., Borer, M. I., & Macgregor, L. C. 2015,) defines social capital as “the value of social networks and organizations to get things done together that comes from peoples relationships with one another”. We depend on the relationships and the support of others in our community. Social capital is used to bring us all together to work and motivate others to work towards a common goal or cause that they can relate to. An example of this would be th women's marches, many communicated to others through social media and other forms of communication to rally women together to support the cause. Women not only had support from other women in the marches but from lots of women via social media.

Bourdieu (1986) defines three types of capital: economic capital, which is directly convertible into money and cultural (knowledge, skills, education) and social capital (social networks), which can be converted into economic capital under certain conditions.

These items are things such as hammers, machines, and buildings. However, financial capital enables people to provide business with financial resources, but they are not used to produce goods and capital. Examples of finical capital are money, stocks, and bonds.

Three different views on social capital are particularly considered by scholars. They are the ideas of Pierre Bourdieu, James Coleman, and Robert Putnam.

Amartya Sen presented a path breaking argument for the measurement of poverty. Capability school of thought presented a multi dimensional approach for the measurement of poverty. According to his capability theory, it is not having the capability that causes and brings about poverty. For instance, he suggests that urban poor are deprived because they do not have the capacity to produce adequate incomes to consumer adequate food and nutrition and to make informed decisions and act in such a way that would ameliorate their living standards. Therefore, following Sen’s capability theory, the important elements in describing the urban poverty entail, one’s health, gender, ethnic status, nutritional and educational (Sen, 1992).

Community development (CD) has been playing an important role within the society as it is a critical practice that identifies and attempts to address unequal relations of power (Forde & Lynch, 2015). In CD, social capital is an important term as it refers to the networks and norms that enable collective action. In general, social capital is the level of trust between members within the community. Social workers need to understand and empower the social capital to strengthen the community through collective action based on the existing resources.