Intelligence capacities of Russia and United States during the cold war
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Intelligence capacities of Russia and United States during the cold war
Introduction
The cold war has become one of the major historic events to remember in the history of many superpower countries among them, Russia and the United States of America. After the end of World War II, the cold war emerged as a state of geopolitical tension between the two powers in the Eastern bloc and the Western bloc. The Eastern bloc comprised of the Soviet Union which was formally known as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and unofficially referred as Russia. The Western bloc comprised of the United States, North Atlantic Treaty Organization
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Following this, the United States in Washington needed all this information to be able to measure the Soviet nuclear strike. Most of the information on nuclear weapons in Russia, Moscow was of high importance to the US as it could help them in the evaluation of the Soviet Union know how to design the weapons which could be used for air-defense and anti-missile missiles. Because of this advancement in nuclear weapons and their use during the cold war, Russia emerged as a better country in terms of intelligence capabilities (Kuperman, …show more content…
Because of the countermeasures of deception and denial between these countries, the USSR's nuclear program seemed to a difficult target for the US. The absence of reliable intelligence posed a great challenge for the West to understand the vital growth within the Soviet nuclear complex and as a result, significant intelligence breaches emerged between the two nations. Throughout the Cold War, the United States together with its associates employed atomic energy intelligence effort to counter the Soviet Union of Russia. However, Russia was more advanced in all their operations as the intelligence system in its communities was at a high glance. All these intelligences led to the ending of the Cold
The Soviet Union first learned of the American atomic bomb how? *through the use of espionage*
During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union each constructed a supply of nuclear weapons. Soviet policy rested on the principle that a nuclear war could be fought and won. The United States embraced nuclear deterrence, the reliable threat of reprisal to prevent enemy attack. To make its threat substantial, the United States during the 1950s established and positioned several types of delivery structures for attacking the Soviet Union with nuclear weapons. Each one of these systems came to be known as the Strategic Triad. One part of the triad was a long range manned bomber that would deliver the nuclear warhead. The second would be land based intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM’s). The third part of this triad was nuclear
Following the detonation of two atomic bombs over Japan and the closure of World War II, the United States of America and the Soviet Union entered a period of ideological conflict, the Cold War. The United States sought to preserve and protect democracy throughout the world while the Soviet Union established communist satellite states. During the Cold War, the United States government pushed for the expansion of the United States space program in an attempt to demonstrate power and innovation over the Russians, and in doing so, accelerated the process of space exploration and endangered the lives of their astronauts.
The cold war in conjunction with the nuclear arms race raised a countless number of dangers that were new to Americans. One of the most obvious risks raised by the nuclear arms race was the blast of the bomb itself. The bombs that were emerging were only getting colossal, and the effects were reaching potential world destruction. For example, the atomic bombs used on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were minuscule compared to the Hydrogen bomb, which the U.S built to stay ahead of the Soviet Union. But as history has shown itself, the Soviet Union came kept up with the competition and created a Hydrogen bomb as well. Now both countries possessed bombs that could decimate out entire countries.
After the Second World War, the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers and subsequently a period of tension and hostility arose, known as the Cold War. During this time, a new possibility of complete nuclear destruction that would claim the lives of many emerged, therefore “the easing or relaxing of tensions” on both sides was needed, this period would be known as detente. Both countries had been guaranteed mutually assured destruction as they had both managed to stay ahead in the development of nuclear arsenals. By the late 1960s the Soviets had surpassed the United States in intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM) by 1,300 to 1,054. Although the U.S was still ahead
Throughout the 1950's and 60's both superpowers raced to build an arsenal of nuclear bombs (Intro. to the Cold War (1945-1991)). Seeing that the Soviet Union had been building their own nuclear bombs, the United States had their allies building nuclear weapons ("Nuclear Weapons" Lerney. K Lee) and placing them close to Soviet Russia. With both sides producing a mass of nuclear weapons, a thermonuclear war seemed to be around the corner and in 1961 with The Cuban Missile Crisis it seemed like it was going to happen (Intro. to the Cold War (1941-1991)). The United States military had a big play in the Cold War. The Cold War was never a war that had military battle but military influence in certain nations, when the war began, many United States officials wanted to strengthen their military alliance with other nations so that those counties would not turn to communism and form an alliance with the Soviet Union. With the alliance to China, North Korea, and Vietnam to the Soviet Union, the united States responded with military fortification of neutral Asian nations ("Cold War" Gale Encyclopedia of U.S.
This began as the United States secretly built atomic bombs. Initially, the United States believed that they were the only country with nuclear weapons. Because of this, United States President Harry Truman told secrets about the nuclear weapons to all it’s World War II allies, except Russia. According to the New York Times article “The Rosenberg Trial” by Sam Roberts, in 1949 a United States spy plane cruiser flying off Siberia detected abnormally high levels of radioactivity. This showed that the Soviets were now a part of the nuclear arms race. Later that month, it was found out that Soviets had infiltrated the secret American atomic bomb program. Both countries proceeded to build up their supply of nuclear weapons to intimidate the other. This escalated into the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. The New York Times article “The Cuban Missile Crisis” by Anthony DePalma states that this clash began when it was found out that Soviet leader, Nikita Kruschev, was secretly shipping nuclear missiles into communist Cuba and pointing them at American cities. This was done in retaliation to the missiles that the United States had stationed in Turkey, which were pointed at Soviet cities. This feud almost led to physical combat in the war. However, both President Kennedy and Kruschev were able to avoid physical fighting. The nuclear arms race led to increased hostility between the two superpowers, which led to the cycle of the two countries trying to provoke fear in the other, which was based upon fear that the other had instilled in
Imagine working for free for a whole four years. That is the life of the average college athlete. The college athletes do not have time for anything else, that includes stuff like jobs, studying and sometimes for classes themselves. After they graduate they are not even guaranteed a spot for the magier league. So after all the work what is left an empty degeer and a huge debt.
During World War II America, Great Britain, and Russia worked together to create the Allied Powers and defeat Germany. During the war, no one knew how much damage this war was going to have on the world. Because the war was so intense America needed to create a powerful weapon to use as a threat. In 1942 America started the top secret Manhattan Project, creating an atomic bomb. Although this bomb was to only be used in extreme conditions, the world felt threatened with just the knowledge that this bomb existed, especially Russia. Before the creation of the atomic bomb, America and Russia worked closely together in World War II, but after the creation of the bomb, tension grew between the two countries.
During the cold war, both nations built up massive stockpiles of nuclear weapons to achieve nuclear supremacy over the other. Both the soviets and the US hoped to use nuclear weapons as leverage against each other by assuring Mutually Assured Destruction, or MAD.
The development of nuclear weapons helped to end World War II, but in turn created their own war between the United States and the Soviet Union. The development of modified military missiles such as the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile, or ICBM, by Americans and the Soviets, had an impact on the struggle of power of the Cold War. The importance of military involvement in the creation of modified missiles and engines were critical events of the Cold War. Additionally, the steps taken to get to space were a byproduct of this Arms Race and the Cold War. Because the United States and the Soviet Union feared what the other country would or could do with weapons of mass destruction and the thought of the opposing country being able to control
In 1961 President John F Kennedy put together a doctrine, which altered from President Eisenhower’s one. It was to “Respond flexibly to communist expansion, especially guerrilla warfare.” (Roskin & Berry, 2010, p. 58) It was a time when the Cold War was at its height and nuclear weapons a mass threat and source of power. This doctrine was aimed at using alternative means before opening into combat. This, in light of the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, it succeeded in doing.
Not many people are aware that they were read to when they still in their mothers stomach. There are multiple kinds of reading material you can choose from including a magazine, instructions of the back of a box or even a recipe from a cook book. As a child my mother read me everything. If we went to the store she would read all the signs to me above the isles, if she was cooking she would read the directions off the back of a box or the recipe from her recipe book. Every evening before she would tuck me into bed she would let me pick a few short stories or one long story. I loved being read to and sometimes I would read to her as well. Often I would hear her reading her giant college text books from the other room.
When President Truman authorized the use of two nuclear weapons in 1945 against the Japanese in the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki to end World War II, the nature of international security was changed irreversibly. At that time, the United States had what was said to have a monopoly of atomic bombs. Soon thereafter, the Soviet Union began working on atomic weaponry. In 1949, it had already detonated it first atomic bomb and tensions began to heat up between the two countries. With the information that the Soviets had tested their first bomb, the United States began work on more powerful weapons1, and a fight for nuclear superiority had begun.
Schools are normally permitted to generate and implement dress code programs within the district, but they must do it without violating the constitutional rights of students.