Russian Espionage Essay

The false truths and over exaggerations of the communist ideology resulted in a paranoid society which was essentially controlled by “The Red Scare.” Furthermore, the fear and suspicion which this propaganda evoked resulted in citizens suspecting that those closest to them were involved in communist activities. Americans did not trust one another, and often, essential members of society were fired from their jobs and publically humiliated after investigations of suspected communist activities – which provided poor evidence. In most cases, there was no truth to such investigations. After reports of corruption within American government establishments, such as HUAC and the FBI, Americans lost trust in their own government. Americans were programmed to blame communism for any issues within society, as this propaganda prohibited them from critically analysing the circumstances at hand. Additionally, the ‘American Way of Life’ which advertisements and other propaganda publications deceived Americans to believe they were so privileged to be living, was in fact superficial and oppressive. As a result of the fear in which Americans lived during this time, citizens were too afraid to question the capitalist system which their government promoted, but rather, conformed to it. Evidently, American government propaganda during the Cold War years bred a society which was ignorant of and naïve to the realities of their own lives, and the world around them. The American government failed to acknowledge that they were damaging their own country through these propaganda campaigns, rather than allowing them to experience what true freedom and respect for human rights felt like. America was a country which was unable to unite and therefore function as an effective unit both socially, economically and politically, as a result of their inability to think freely

Democratic localism was also enforced to keep the government at bay, allowing people to make their own economic decisions. Capitalism was renewed due to growth. Americans were enjoying various freedoms in politics, religion and travel. Nixon stated in one of his speeches that the United States had “come closest to the idea of prosperity for all in a classless society (166).”

Offner, Arnold, "Provincialism and Confrontation: Truman’s Responsibility" in Major Problems in American Foreign Relations, Volume II.

Espionage, the use of spying to obtain secret information regarding the intentions and capabilities of other persons, groups, organizations, or states is largely seen as a modern twentieth-century phenomenon (Burds, 2012). In reality, it is one of the oldest political and military acts, appearing in historical and literary accounts since the beginning of recorded history. A vital tool of statecraft, espionage shapes foreign policy and changes how wars proceed. Unbeknownst to many Americans, subterfuge and secrecy would play an important role in the Revolutionary War. George Washington, commander of the Continental Army, was well aware that he needed reliable intelligence to triumph over British forces which outmatched and often outnumbered his own. To achieve this, Washington would establish numerous spy networks over the course of the war, the most successful being the Culper Spy Ring.

1.     How NSC-68 influenced America’s response to Communist North Korea’s invasion of South Korea in June 1950 and to Communist expansion in Southeast Asia in the 1960s. The NSC-68 called for military assistance programs that would meet the requirements of our allies. Since South Korea was an ally, we assisted them in repelling the invasion of another communist nation. This help for South Korea meant that a communist nation would be weakened and therefore possibly cripple a potential ally for the Soviet Union. Also, South Korea would then respond to a call for aid if the Soviet Union ever attacked

Over the past few years, government surveillance in the United States has become a widely debated issue with two completely different sides. The National Security Agency, a government agency known for it’s efforts in spying and surveillance, has been at the center of this issue since it’s founding in the 1950’s. The Cold War had just begun and the United States government was doing anything they could to find potential terrorists and communists. In fact, many famous people including Einstein were being spied on by the government to find citizens with potential ties to the Soviet Union. (New York Times - New Details Emerge from the Einstein Files; How the FBI Tracked His Phone Calls and His Trash) As the cold war came to an end in the early 90’s, NSA spying seemed to come to an end as well.

Emerging victoriously from World War II, America became the leader of the free-market capitalist world, and proved to be a military, economic, and political powerhouse. However, as one major war came to a close, another battle was brewing between the democratic United States and the communist Soviet Union. As the Soviet Union expanded farther West into Europe, America as well as its NATO allies worked together in an effort to contain the USSR’s expanding communist party. The Cold War went far beyond a battle between different ideologies. Rather, it developed into a global conflict where espionage, treason, and massive propaganda campaigns were inflicted on all aspects of individuals’ lives internationally. The plausibility of communism seeping into the confinements of the United States caused nation-wide fear to erupt. American businesses feared the idea of a communistic revolution on the basis that it would disturb the very groundwork that holds capitalism together. As a result, the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was formed to investigate communist and fascist organizations within America. Unfortunately, the controversial tactics used during the HUAC hearings contributed to the fear, blacklisting, and repression that existed from 1940 through the 1950s. In the midst of the Cold War, several American opinions materialized concerning the role of the HUAC, in which Americans either praised the committee for its patriotic ideals, applauded but recognized the

Let’s begin with some historical context from the 1960’s. The United States was amidst a cold war with Russia. The citizens of the USA were concerned about nuclear attack, spies, and a third

The above quote, by Richard Nixon, best captures the mass hysteria and paranoia that dominated the American people during the Cold War Era. It would only be 15 years till an article by a New York Times reporter by the name of Seymour Hersh accusing the CIA of targeting antiwar protestors as well as many others whom they believed where foreign agents and had conducted everything from break-ins to wiretaps and even placement of informants within groups to monitor their actions. Later in the article Hesrh would state that the concept of the program was developed by a presidential aid and was in fact encouraged by members of the executive branch. He also revealed heavy involvement by the FBI on the behest of CIA director Helms who had been known to believe that the KGB had infiltrated the United States government.

The 1776 united States of America Declaration of Independence contain the words that succinctly describe our national objective, strategy, and message, “We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.” In today’s United States of America, the world acknowledges American’s as the preeminent owner of individual freedoms, holding and promoting these three basic principles for some 240 years. During these years, the U.S. has employed the use of intelligence to shape its objectives and strategies, and then in times of war used the same intelligence to shape strategic messages against foreign powers. However, as hostilities decline and give way to the restoration of relative peace, the use of intelligence for strategic messages against foreign powers ceases. Under these circumstances, the void created by secession of U.S. messages, provides a communication opportunity to foreign powers for transmission of anti-U.S. messages. Attempts have been made to reinstate the offices that during war countered these anti-U.S. messages to a comprehensive reorganization of the U.S Government intelligence community. This paper does not support creation of a new agency or department to utilize existing strategic intelligence.

The United States and Communist Russia endured a complicated relationship in the first half of the 20th century. In the early 1940’s the U.S. had encouraged an alliance with the Soviets against their common enemy, Nazi Germany. This short-lived accord began to deteriorate as WW II ended. By 1947 U.S. policy toward the Soviet Union had shifted from one of cooperation to a policy of containment. In 1949, when the Soviets tested their first atomic bomb, it was a widely-held belief in the U.S. that the Russians were an untrustworthy enemy with plans to invade the United States. America’s mood turned on American Communists, labeling them traitors and Russian spies. Underlying a domestic sense of well-being in the United States in the 1950’s

Knowledge is power. It is as simple as that. Espionage is the secret gathering of information, often referred to as "intelligence". Intelligence refers to the processed information needed to make any decision. This could be used for business, military, economic, or political decisions. More often than not, this term refers to domestic or foreign policy of a country. Espionage is illegal in all countries, yet all countries have some form of espionage organization. The first espionage act was recorded 2500 years ago. The first book on espionage, The Art of War was written by a Chinese emperor/general Sun Tzu in about 500 BC. There is another type of espionage, counter-espionage. This is the

The Central Intelligence Agency, hereafter referred to as the CIA, is one of the most well-known and fascinating intelligence agencies throughout the world. For the most part, when the CIA comes up in the news, it is to report that the agency failed in doing something. This paper will analyze different successes and failures of well-known operations of the CIA. The successes that will be analyzed are Operation Argo and the killing of Osama Bin Ladin. Operation Argo has recently become well known due to a movie being released about the operation. The killing of Osama Bin Ladin is probably the most popular case that the CIA had completed due to its significance in a time when the United States was quite vulnerable. This paper will review these two successes of the agency and analyze how these missions were successful and why. The two failures that will be discussed are the attacks on September 11, 2001 and the Bay of Pigs Invasion. The attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001 are crucial to the American people and to the Intelligence Community. It is important to analyze these attacks in order to figure out what, if anything, could have been done differently that may have prevented these attacks from occurring. The Bay of Pigs Invasion is an infamous failure of the United States as well as the CIA in which many mistakes were made. The CIA plays an essential role in the safety of the United States and its people. Due to its high importance, it is crucial to

The U. s. States had been an essential attract of Us us president Yahya's military government, as described in recommendations released by Gary Bass in the "The Veins Telegram": "President Nixon liked very few individuals, but he did like Common Yahya Khan." Individual tasks of Us us president Yahya had helped to find the communication route between the U. s. States and the China providers suppliers, which would be used to set up the Nixon's trip in 1972.

The Cold War was a response to the perceived threat by the United States that Communism would interfere with national security and economic stakes in the world. It was a perceived threat by communist countries that the United States would take to the world. During the Cold War, the United States, Russia, and other countries made efforts to avoid another world war, while warring in proxy in other lands. The devastation caused by the hydrogen bombs exploded in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the next technological advancements became only deterrents to the public. Governments had their own agenda which would result in worsening the strain between nations. The United States hid behind a curtain of nationalism resulting in increased