In 2015, Russian intelligence operatives launched numerous cyber-attacks that seemed to target the United States Democratic National Committee (DNC) and its members. The attacks gathered information about DNC members and released the information in a strategic effort to influence battle ground states and undermine Democratic candidate’s credibility. This was done in an effort to sway public opinion and did not directly alter votes at electronic voting booths. According to the Atlantic, no other foreign power has ever attempted to undermine U.S. democratic processes in this manner. If that is the case, how can Russia’s actions be explained? International relations has several theories which attempt to explain the international political …show more content…
Russia may have interfered with the U.S. presidential election because the U.S. prevented or limited the extent to which Russia could internally and externally balance. The Obama administration imposed sanctions on Russia following their annexation of Crimea, negatively impacting Russia’s economy. In the past, presidential candidate Hillary Clinton publically admonished Russia for suspected fraud in their own country’s elections. To put theory and facts together in order to explain the situation, in an act of self-help, Russia annexed the Ukrainian peninsula of Crimea. This was done in order to prevent Ukraine from joining NATO, which began as a way to contain Russia and keep it from expanding. Because U.S. sanctions have negatively affected Russia’s economy, it has also effected Russia’s ability to internally and externally balance power within the international system. Also, because of Hillary Clinton’s known views on Russia and the fear that she would maintain the sanctions placed on Russia by the Obama administration, Russia may have wanted to ensure that it did not have to deal with a President it knew would only cooperate in a manner that benefited the United States more. What may have started as an effort to undermine the Democratic party, in hopes that a more pro-Russia candidate would emerge on the Republican side, may have turned into swaying public opinion in President Trump’s favor because of the openly pro-Russian remarks that he made during
In the epic poem, The Odyssey, the protagonist, Odysseus, is most definitely an anti-hero. Although the author, Homer, uses Achilles as an epic hero, he shows Odysseus as the opposite. Odysseus and his crew went into the unknown cave knowing something big was living in there. The men insisted that they should leave but Odysseus wanted to stay, “they beached there” (Homer IX, 95). The crew stayed out there for a bit but not long after the massive cyclops came bashing in.
Wilson’s actions in Russia caused a combination of anger, confusion and praise. Anger arose from the anti-communist wings of the government and society which sought a complete destruction of the Soviet system. Confusion came from a vast portion of society which did not understand the entire situation or America’s role in it. Praise came from the wing of Wilsonian Democrats and associated supporters who championed Wilson as, “the sincerest and most lucid friend of the Russian Revolution…” Perhaps most shocking was the role of Wilson’s State Department in the course of events in Russia. Wilson’s State Department has been argued to have been pro-interventionist and anti-Bolshevik. Late in the World War and early in the domestic conflict in
Rohm wanted a government that scared the people to do the right thing similar to kidors government because they didn’t want the people in the areas to revolt ageist them.
Russian cyber-interference in the 2016 U.S. elections as well as its aggressive posturing in Eastern Europe have proven to be a significant threat to U.S. security, both at home an abroad. HR 3364 proposes to punish Russia for its ongoing crusade in meddling in democratic processes/elections, while still maintaining support for U.S. allies around the globe. In order to combat Russian hostilities against the U.S. and its allies, U.S. foreign policy should first, place an emphasis on fiscal penalties over militaristic punishment, while still maintaining strong alliances in NATO; second, promote multilateral cooperation on past, present, and future economic sanctions; and third, balance punitive measures with positive incentives to signal to
John Le Carre calls upon his own experiences in the world of espionage in his novel The Spy Who Came In From The Cold. In doing so, Le Carre moves from the action-filled and glamorous world created by blockbusters such as James Bond, and delves deeper into the ramifications of political ideologies, such as the idea that the end justifies the means. With the Cold War a political battle significantly between the US and the USSR, society was plagued with the competition between their two political doctrines - Democracy and Communism, East and West. Le Carre explores this oppositional divide though the extended metaphor of binary opposites hot and cold. The cyclical form of the novel provides a physical example
There has been a lot of contention on the matter of spies and whistleblowers since the cold war to today. Recent acts of espionage have the public questioning government, on the acts it has taken with these widespread criminals. The practice or act of spying to discover military and political secrets of other nations can also be known as committing espionage. During the cold war many spies sought out secrets of other countries for military and political information.
In June of 2016, Donald Trump Jr. expressed interest in meeting someone described as a Russian government lawyer who had damaging information about Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton. This contradicts what members of the Trump presidential campaign have been saying for months, which is they never sought or received help from Russia to defeat Clinton. The denials and subsequent disclosure of the emails from Trump Jr. are only escalating the controversy surrounding President Trump’s administration.
For decades, the United States and Russia, formerly The Soviet Union, have held tensions with each other over different political stances and military actions and intelligence. Starting from the late years of World War II - when the Soviet Union had aggressively spread communism throughout Eastern Europe - up to a couple years ago when Russia annexed the Crimean peninsula in Ukraine out of nowhere; their relationship has been a rollercoaster of a ride for these two countries. Even though the United States and Russia are no longer in a Cold War, there has been and continues to be tension between the two countries as exemplified by many events of conflict including the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Russian military’s current presence in Syria.
The Russian Civil War (1918-1922) was a fight for political power between the Bolshevik Red Army, who fought for socialism, and the White Army. During this time, the Bolshevik’s secret Communist Police, the Cheka, conducted a series of military operations that became known as the Red Terror. The Red Terror was more than just a collection of mass arrests, tortures, and murders; it was systematic oppression that targeted an entire class. The Red Terror helped the Red Army win the Russian Civil War through any means necessary.
In the past four months, the United States has been acclimating to the Trump administration. Since election day the Trump White House has been plagued with in house fighting, confrontations with the press, and various allegations (Huetteman). In addition to the in house problems, there are numerous global concerns. First of all, many people are suspicious of Russian hacking and involvement in the 2016 presidential election. The extent of the hacking and it involvement of the Trump campaign is now under investigation, where “the top Republican and Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee vowed to forge ahead by interviewing key players connected to Mr. Trump and pressing intelligence agencies to provide all relevant information,” (Huetteman).
Under a backdrop of systematic fear and terror, the Stalinist juggernaut flourished. Stalin’s purges, otherwise known as the “Great Terror”, grew from his obsession and desire for sole dictatorship, marking a period of extreme persecution and oppression in the Soviet Union during the late 1930s. “The purges did not merely remove potential enemies. They also raised up a new ruling elite which Stalin had reason to think he would find more dependable.” (Historian David Christian, 1994). While Stalin purged virtually all his potential enemies, he not only profited from removing his long-term opponents, but in doing so, also caused fear in future ones. This created a party that had virtually no opposition, a new ruling elite that would be
No, I was unable to readily understand or identify the theme of the art work in Amanda’s collection. At first I was able to see a theme with the Representational art pieces The Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh and the Trolley by Robert Frank. The next three pieces of art doesn’t follow the same theme the Free Stamp by Claes Oldenburg, and New Shelton Wet Dry by Jeff Koons are both sculptures which don't follow the same theme as the first two. The last art piece in the collection is The Crossing by Bill Viola which is a video and doesn't follow the theme as the others.
Born Carl Sandburg and baptized Carl August, Sandburg was born the second of seven children on January 6, 1878 (P.C., vol. 41 222-223)he had a hard childhood and a background full of experience both of which helped to make him the poet, author, journalist, and literary genius that would go on to be recognised for multiple achievements and innovations in the literary field(P. Nivin). His parents were August and Clara Sandburg both of which were Swedish immigrants. August, a hard working man, worked sixty hour weeks at the Burlington, Chicago, and Quincy Railroad Yards. August never learned to write due to him leaving school early however he was fully capable of reading
When Trump’s campaign was just taking off, “a 35 page dossier written by an ex British Intelligence agent compiled many allegations about Trump and Russia, even including that Russia had blackmail over Trump” (Osnos et al. 4). Senator of Arizona, John McCain, “passed the dossier to the FBI in hopes of an investigation being placed on Trump” (Osnos et al. 5). This was the start of Trump’s vengeance toward director of FBI, James Comey. When the dossier was released to the public, Trump and Putin had some words to say about it. They both “portrayed the dossier as a fake and full of false accusations” (Osnos et al. 3). This made the accusations of Trump and Russia being the arbitrators behind the hacking more evident than before (Osnos et al).
The Sources of Soviet Conduct, a highly influential article written by George Keenan in 1946, states that the US must pursue afirm and consistent opposition to the Soviet Union. In Keenan's argument for this, he explores the two factors of ideology and circumstance which shaped the Soviet Union. This is used in order to explain the behaviour of the Soviet Union. Thus, the most effective method for the US to counteract this behaviour is then explained.