Currently, there is no cure or medication that has been proven to modify or slow the course of the disease [5,6]. SCA3 is multifactorial and treatment is individualized; Treatment is determined by the symptoms that are presented from case-to-case. The primary goal of the symptomatic treatment is to improve the quality of lives of these individuals, as there are no curative options [6]. Medications are accepted and widely used to reduce symptoms of certain underlying conditions such as depression, fatigue, and pain. Pain itself plays a large role in the treatment of this disease. Nearly all patients with SCA3 report pain and fatigue associated their other symptoms [4]. SCA3 is treated using a team approach with physical therapy, occupational …show more content…
Patients will report to physical therapists with a multitude of impairments throughout the progression of the disease. The most prominent impairments will present during cerebellar testing. Patients will show signs of dysmetria, dysphasia, dysdiadochokinesia, and ataxia primarily as a result of the atrophy and damage to the cerebellum. Instability and lack of postural control will be demonstrated during the Romberg's test. Additionally, cranial nerve testing will have positive results for many cranial nerve palsies such as CN III, V, VII, IX, and XII. Patients show weakness in their trunk and extremities during the manual muscle testing. Vestibular testing will result in abnormal VOR, saccades, smooth pursuits and nystagmus. As a result of these impairments, patients experience functional limitations. Primarily, these patients are considered to be “high fall risks,” which ultimately decreases their independence due to weakness, instability and decreased postural control. These patients will feel uncomfortable in many situations and be unable to function independently in the community. This creates an increased risk for further injury. Due to the dysmetria and weakness, patients will also experience difficulty with their daily living skills, such as maintaining proper hygiene; They will have trouble bathing themselves and brushing their teeth without assistive equipment. PT interventions can help minimize and control these limitations. The implementation of balance training and assistive devices will be imperative interventions for an individual to modify and adapt to their gait
At this point, coordination is at a point where falls are often major risks, and considering many cases of the disease occur in the elderly, this can become a fatal risk. Close relatives are soon to become unrecognizable and the long term memory of the individual begins to fade as the disease worsens. It is often that at this point of the disease, the patient is put into a care center, as they may become a burden to the family members around them. Emotions swing and become entirely unpredictable and often resistance to care will occur as the patients lose awareness of their condition and become confused with their surroundings.
Several patients suffered from dementia and some had accompanying diagnoses, such as hip fracture from falling or upper and lower extremity weakness. Dementia is a decline in memory and greatly affects how activities
During my week in the CAMC, I had great opportunity to observe various diagnosis such as Subdural hematoma, Traumatic Brain Injury, Cerebrovascular accident and Spinal Cord injury. The patients were having difficulty with strength, mobility, balance, visual perception / cognition, bilateral coordination, gross and fine motor coordination and also
Some assessment tests that can be done to determine areas of occupational dysfunction important to the person are the Canadian Occupational Performance (COPM) interview, the Robinson Bashall Functional Assessment, the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire, the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS), manual muscle tests, the goniometer, and the dynamometer and pinch meter (Hammond, pp 257). The Robinson Bashall Functional Assessment, as well as the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire, is a functional assessment that allows the therapist to get a better understanding of the practical capabilities of patients that are suffering from RA. The Assessment of Motor and Process Skills allows an accurate estimate of ability to do IADLs based on performance of three tasks.
Angelo is a 65-year-old male who has left-sided hemiparesis because of a right cerebrovascular accident that occurred 7 years ago. Though he has left upper extremity weakness, it does not affect his right upper extremity, which is his dominant side. Angelo uses a cane to ambulate between locations, yet he needs to use a rail in order to climb up stairs, and he uses an ankle-foot-orthosis to support his left foot. Although Angelo has no visual and/or perceptual deficits, Angelo struggles to flex his shoulder, extend his elbow, and both flex and extend his fingers. Angelo experiences diminished sensation on his left upper extremity, but it depends on the time of day. When Angelo sits down on a chair next to the table, he places his left upper extremity on the top of the table to support it, using his right upper extremity. In addition, Angelo is able to articulate
Pt is a 69 y/o female referred to skilled PT due to decline in ADL’s of transfer and gait, BLE muscle weakness with decreased coordination, increasing confusion and required increasing assistance with functional ADL’s. Pt was noted with 2 fall incidents on 3/3/2018 and 3/19/2018. PMH: Alzheimer’s disease, cellulitis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, depressive disorder. PLOF: a resident in assistive living facility (ALF), mod I with ADL’s and self care, bed mobility and transfer, SBA with ambulation w/o AD. CLOF: gait with no AD and SBA for 150’, standing dynamic balance at fair-, BLE coordination at fair-. Pt’s goal is return to prior level of function of I. The following article exploring cognitive reserve might help the patient as well as people
Per the Agreed Medical Re-Examination report dated 09/29/15, whole person impairment rating is 5%. Future medical care includes access to follow-up visits for monitoring of his condition for the next calendar year, with continued provision of pharmacological agents. Should patient experience a significant acute symptoms flare-up within the next calendar year, re-instatement of brief courses of traditional PT, acupuncture,
I directed Henderson to place her right foot in front of her left and keep her hand by her side while I demonstrate. Henderson was unable to keep balance without swaying. Henderson was then asked to stop before she hurt herelf. I demonstrated five times how to do the test and Henderson still had difficulties following instructions. Henderson also started the test without being promt to do so.
As ethical and moral physical therapists, it is essential to consider all possible sources of the impairment and figure out how to resolve, educate, and prevent future implications for patients. In order to be able to complete such a task, physical therapists must be able to look at functional status through all of its domains, biophysical, psychological, and sociocultural.2,5 In the realm of pediatrics, performing screenings, functional tests, and questionnaires offer a great diagnostic and prognostic data for children. The DDST3 enables a PT to get a sense of a child's cognition, motor functions, and behavior. Identifying possible delays or problems early on is vital in order to ensure proper development, especially since many systems have
They may develop alone or in combination, but as the disease progresses, all are usually present. There is no true paralysis. The symptoms are always bilateral but usually involve one side early in the illness. Because the onset is insidious, the beginning of symptoms is difficult to document. Early in the disease, reflex status, sensory status, and mental status usually are normal. Postural abnormalities (flexed, forward leaning), difficulty walking, and weakness develop. Speech may be slurred. Autonomic-neuroendocrine symptoms include inappropriate diaphoresis, orthostatic hypotension, drooling, gastric retention, constipation, and urinary retention. Depression is also prevalent.
problems affecting posture or balance is unclear, with not clinical consensus. It is unclear why dynamic
Simon is a 47 y/o male that was admitted to RGSC on July 22, 2010. Simon is verbal and his primary language is Spanish; he is able to communicate his needs and wants verbally. He is able to perform daily activities independently; however he needs prompting and supervision for completion of task. Simon does not have any mobility conditions and is able to ambulate without difficulty. He did not sustain any falls within the past 11 months; His last documented fall was on 1/21/15 which was presumed to be due to over sedation caused by medications.
SCD comes with many complications that should be taken into consideration when caring for a patient with SCD. With the possibility of many of these complications resulting in death, it is vital that APNs provide comprehensive assessments, proactive treatment, and thorough patient education. Upon arrival to the ER, the patient’s needs should be quickly prioritized, keeping in mind, oxygenation, hydration, pain level, and possible infections. It is also important to teach patients with SCD to treat themselves prophylactically by staying hydrated, avoiding cold temperatures, recognizing signs of infection, and reporting any recent changes in health. This will help reduce the number of ER visits for SCD associated complications. The evidence based
XX participated in five previous neuropsychological assessments at NIH. Since her last evaluation in March 2017, her mother reported that XX experienced significant declines in her speech and motor abilities. XX requires a walker or aid from a caregiver to ambulate. Due to her motor instability, she experienced two recent falls (off a bed and in the bathroom) resulting in a black eye and stitches in her chin. Her mother reported that XX ’s speech has become increasingly difficult
Malfunctioning Motor Skills – Incapable of body movement. Mutism. Body clenched in a stiff position. No awareness of environment.