Sacrum Research Paper

3. Name the structure that is a double fold of peritoneum and holds the small intestine to the

The esophagus receives food from the mouth after swallowing and then delivers it to the stomach. The stomach holds food which it is being mixed with enzymes which continue the process of breaking down the food into a useable form. When the contents of the stomach are processed they are released into the small intestine. In the small intestine food is broken down by enzymes released from the pancreas and bile from the liver, the food is moved through and mixed with digestive secretions. The small intestine is made up of three segments the duodenum, jejunum and the ileum, the jejunum and the ileum are mainly responsible from the absorption of nutrients in to the bloodstream. These contents start out semi-solid and end in a liquid form after passing through the organ. Water, bile, enzymes and mucous change its consistency, one the nutrients have been absorbed it then moves onto the large intestine. The large intestine connects to the rectum and is specialised in processing water so that emptying the bowels is easy.

The greater omentum contains a considerable amount of adipose fat, located in the peritoneum; the visceral layer covers most of the organs.

1. Describe the anatomic location of the pancreas relative to the other organs in the upper portion of the abdominal cavity. - The pancreas is about 6 inches long and sits across the back of the abdomen, behind the stomach and liver, leveled with the top of the small intestine and it also borders the liver, spleen and kidneys. The head of the pancreas is on the right side of the abdomen and is connected to the duodenum (the first section of the small intestine) through a small tube called the pancreatic duct. The narrow end of the pancreas, called the tail, extends to the left side of the body.

Colon and rectum are both located in the digestive system. There are two parts of the digestive system. Upper part of the digestive system included stomach and small intestine, in which their job is to digest food for energy. Lower part of the digestive system are called gastrointestinal system, where colon and rectum are located. Its function is to absorb fluid to form solid waste then passes from the body as a stool. Small intestine made up of the most part of the digestive system, it is about 20 feet long. It break down the foods and absorb most of the nutrients. Then it pass to the large intestine which is mainly made up of a muscular tube, colon, and it is about 5 feet long. The colon can be divided into 4 section. Ascending colon, it is the beginning of the colon that included the cecum, where the appendix attaches to the colon. Transverse colon, the second section of the colon. It located in the upper abdomen and from the right to the left. The next section is called descending colon, the lower abdomen and from the left to right. The last section,

Response: The epigastric region is of the abdominals that is superior to the transverse colon. It goes up to just about the xiphoid process of the sternum. The width of a person’s neck is the approximate width of the epigastric region, so if someone were to draw two lines starting at both ear lobes going straight down the body and then draw a line horizontally that would line the top of the transverse colon and another line that would horizontally line up with the xiphoid process, that square made would be the epigastric region. The organs associated with digestion located in that region are the liver, gallbladder, stomach, and pancreas.

It contains many circular folds that increase the surface area of the functional mucous membrane. Enterocytes are cells found in the upper part of each villus and secrete enzymes for the digestion and absorption of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Not having the villi within the inner surface of small intestine makes the body is unable to absorb nutrients essential for health and growth. Instead, nutrients such as fat, protein, vitamins, and minerals are eliminated in the stool (NIDDK, 2018).

Consist of oral cavity, esophagus, gallbladder, liver, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, colon, cecum, appendix, jejunum, and rectum.

The anatomy of colon cancer is very intriguing. The colon is part of the gastrointestinal system. The colon is approximately six feet long and one to two inches in diameter. The colon has a few different parts. The main four are the ascending colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon. The colon also includes the cecum, the rectum and the anus. The colon starts at the cecum and then continues as the ascending colon. It is then a right hepatic flexure and turns into the transverse colon. The transverse colon then turns at the left splenic flexure and is the descending colon. The descending colon turns left and is than called the sigmoid colon. The sigmoid colon then descends and is then called the rectum and then the anus. The colon is meant to absorb water and nutrients. It is also meant to break down food and store waste until it is time to excrete them.

Mesothelium is a type of tissue that is coated with a special cell called a mesothelial cell. Mesothelial cells usually coat the abdominal cavity, the heart cavity, the chest cavity,

The mesentery is a continuous structure that holds your large and small intestines in place. It provides blood flow and contains lymph nodes. It plays an important role in gut integrity and in gut health. Every time a surgeon cuts into the cut to treat some portion of the intestines, they also cut into the mesentery.

The abdominal cavity which contains the stomach, most of the large intestine, the small intestine, the gallbladder, spleen, kidney and liver. The small intestine is very important and its job is to digest food and also take nutrients from food to help give back to the body. The gallbladder is a small storage organ also needed in digestion and holds bile products produced by the liver until needed for digesting fatty foods. The kidney is also vital because it helps aid in essential processes such as regulating blood pressure. The liver is very vital and performs multiple critical functions to keep the body pure of toxins and harmful substances. Without a healthy liver, a person cannot survive. Then the pelvic cavity which will contain also portions of the large intestine, reproductive organs, and the urinary bladder. The large intestine is also known for helping during digestion by taking undigested food and absorbing as much water as it can and expels the waste. The reproductive organs play a vital role in the survival of our species. Lastly, the urinary bladder functions as a storage vessel. It is one of the most elastic organs and is able to increase its volume

The three accessory organs of the digestive tract are the; liver, gallbladder and pancreas. The function of the liver includes receiving blood from both arterial and venous sources. Also, the liver secrets bile to assist with intestinal digestion. In addition, the liver metabolizes fats, proteins and carbohydrates. In addition, the liver is responsible for bile salts that help with intestinal emulsification and the absorption of fats. Also, the liver produces bilirubin. Furthermore, the liver is responsible for; contraction, energy, fluid balance, protection, regulation, structure and transport. The gallbladder stores bile and then concentrates it between meals. Moreover, the bile helps to digest fats. Furthermore, the pancreas produces digestive

Intestinal villi are microscopic finger like projections located in the lumen of the intestine that increase the surface area for better absorption. In germ free mice, the intestinal epithelium is impaired with an intestinal villus that is narrower, thinner and more finger like structure which can be explained by lower epithelial cell turnover. (Rakoff-Nahoum et al., 2004) Crypt cells from the duodenum generates slower in GF mice and the transit time for it to move to the tip of the villus takes longer than in conventional mice. Corring (1981) Furthermore, it has also been reported that intestinal wall is thinner in GF mice with decreased connective tissue, specifically in the lamina propria and in the small vessels. (Al-Asmakh,

The large intestine starts at the end of the ileum extending to the anus. It measures around 1.5 meters long. It’s differentiated from the small intestine by having a greater caliber with a more fixed position, and in having certain appendages to its external coat (the appendices epiploicae). Furthermore, its longitudinal muscular fibers are arranged in three longitudinal bands rather than forming a continuous layer around the gut. The large intestine is divided into the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal (Henry Gray 2004).