Salbutamol

R.J. is a 15-year-old boy with a history of asthma diagnosed at age 8. His asthma episodes are triggered by exposure to cats and various plant pollens. He has been using his albuterol inhaler 10 to 12 times per day over the last 3 days and is continuing to wheeze. He normally needs his inhaler only occasionally (2 or 3 times per week). He takes no other medications and has no other known medical conditions. Physical examination reveals moderate respiratory distress with a respiratory rate of 32, oximetry 90%, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) 60% of predicted, and expiratory wheezing.

Asthma is a respiratory disease that many people deal with every single day. “According to World Health Organization, approximately 180,000 people die from asthma each year.” (Jardins and Burton 187) Most people never think of asthma as a life threatening disease, but it can be crucial. As the number of people with asthma increases, the more likely you are to come in contact with someone who has been diagnosed with this disease. Asthma is a severe breathing problem that has many complications that is dealt with daily like shortness of breath, chronic cough, tightness of the chest and shortness of breath, my main focus is childhood asthma, allergic asthma, and medication to treat asthma.

Patients with severe asthma should not be given beta blockers, although those with milder symptoms may be able to tolerate these medications. Careful initiation and monitoring is

The effect of asthma can range from mild, irregular symptoms causing minor problems for an individual to severe and sudden asthma attacks. The extent of what causes asthma is not well known or fully understood but some common triggers include, cold temperatures, dust mites, cockroaches, pollen, sickness, mould and animal hair. When triggered, the airways in the lungs become inflamed and constricted causing shortness of breath, chest pain and wheezing [R]. Currently, there is no cure for asthma however symptoms can be managed with medication and improved living standards [R]. Asthma symptoms are commonly controlled with the use of inhalers, either preventers (taken to desensitizes airways to triggers) or relievers (provides instant relief by relaxing the muscles) [16].

asthma for over twelve years and never has I felt so afraid during an attack. The medicine ran through, I felt worse then when I had started. I tumble to the

Asthma is best described as a chronic inflammation the pulmonary lower airways because of hyperresponsiveness of lower airway obstructions that is usually reversible (Fireman, 2003). Asthma is triggered by cold air, exercise, viral upper respiratory infections, cigarette smoking, and respiratory allergens. One in 12 people in the United States has been diagnosed with asthma which is approximately 25 million people which accounts for 8% of the total population (AAAAI, 2016). It is estimated that the average cost for care of asthma in the United States is about $3,300.00 yearly in related medical expenses, missed school, missed worked days and early death (AAAAI, 2016). The purpose of this paper is to describe the long-term treatment

Asthma is the leading cause of hospital admissions during childhood. Kumar and Robbins give an accurate definition of asthma as “a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and cough, particularly at night and/or early in the morning” (489). Asthma is a terrifying disease, especially in children, because of the sudden attacks that could claim lives if not treated immediately and effectively. Despite recent advancements in available drugs and overall therapy, the incidence of childhood asthma is rising (Dolovich 373). In order to effectively treat and eventually prevent the onset of asthma, more effective and economical therapies are necessary; although

Asthma treatment is consistent with care along a continuum which may change at any time to accommodate the individual’s current symptoms. The clinical based guidelines consist of step by step guidelines with varying treatments arranged by age and organized by the severity and the addition of pharmacological therapies (NAEPP, 2007).

Asthma is a chronic disease affecting the walls of your airways. These airways are made up of tubes that allow air to pass in and out of your lungs. Inflammation, as well as, increased production of mucus can cause narrowing and obstruction of these tubes, making it difficult to breathe. There are many factors that play a role in the development of asthma such as; exercise, occupation, stress, anxiety and allergens. Common symptoms patients may experience are; shortness of breath, wheezing, dyspnea, tachycardia, cough and sleep disturbances. These can be alleviated with medications and lifestyle changes. Long term asthma control medications are used to prevent asthma attacks and treat chronic symptoms. Rescue medications are used to treat a

Asthma is known as a chronic respiratory disease that affects the lungs. According with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), estimated asthma incidence in the United States is 3.8/1000 in adults and 12.5/1000 in children. Prevalence rate of asthma in the United States increased from 7.3% in 2001 to 8.4% in 2010. Based on the statistics in the United States, it is more common that children have asthma than adults, especially women than men. Comparing with Texas, the estimated prevalence rate of asthma is an estimated of 6.8% of adults (1,296, 000 adults).

Stage III (severe obstruction): Short-acting bronchodilator as needed; long-acting bronchodilator(s); cardiopulmonary rehabilitation; inhaled glucocorticoids if repeated exacerbations

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that lead to difficulties in respiration (Kaufman & Kent 2015). It occurs when airways are over-sensitive and easily respond to a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli such as allergens, smoke, stress, emotions, medication, weather, exercise, and colds or the flu (Kaufman & Kent 2015). These triggers can offset common asthma symptoms including coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath (Kaufman & Kent 2015). The type of trigger, severity, and timing of an asthma attack is unpredictable and different for everyone. In the case study, Joseph has had episodes of acute exacerbation reducing in severity in the early phases but has not experienced an attack for the last

Towards the end of September of 1982, seven people died from a Tylenol product tampering on Chicago’s West Side. Before the events, Tylenol had over one hundred million users, and was a total frontrunner in the pain-killer industry. After the tragic events, Johnson & Johnson, parent company of McNeil Consumer Products Company which makes Tylenol, had to face the world and explain why their highly-trusted product was killing its consumers. (Markel, 2014)

Most everyone has heard of or has been affected by the disease asthma. It may be firsthand or possibly someone in one’s immediate family has the disease. There could be a co-worker in one’s workplace that is missing work regularly in order to manage their symptoms or exacerbations. It is possible that all one knows is from the headlines of the news reports read or listened to. Not that long ago the disease known as asthma had been something someone else was suffering from. Today, asthma suffers are all too common and in need of health care solutions. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], (2011), the diagnosis of people with

Asthma is a chronic airway disease that can be difficult to manage, resulting in poor outcomes and high costs (Kuhn et al., 2015). It is characterized by episodes of expiratory airflow obstruction, which occurs in response to multiple stimuli or triggers. Asthma is a lifelong disease, and symptoms include wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing. Attacks can be mild, moderate, severe, or even life threatening and limit a person’s way of life (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2011). There is no known cure for asthma, but symptoms can be controlled by avoiding the triggers and taking prescribed medicines that prevent or minimize symptoms.