· Description: Salivary gland cancer is rare, most of them are benign (not cancerous) and do not spread to other tissues, but they can also be cancerous. Salivary gland tumor is an uncontrolled cell’s mutations of the saliva-producing glands in the mouth, and affect both major salivary glands which are parotid (the most common gland for salivary tumors to grow), sublingual and submandibular and a lot of tiny minor salivary glands are in your lips, inside your cheeks, and throughout your mouth and throat.
Cause: not clear, the swelling of the salivary glands could be caused by: Abdominal surgery, Cirrhosis of the liver, Infections, Other cancers, Salivary duct stones, Salivary gland infections, Dehydration, Sarcoidosis, Sjögren syndrome
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Most salivary gland tumors are noncancerous (benign). However, cancerous tumors can spread from where it began to other parts of the body (it is called metastasis) through tissue, the lymph system, and the blood
· Tissue: The cancer can spread from where it began by multiplying into close-by areas.
· Lymph system: The cancer can get into the lymph vessels, form tumors (metastatic tumor) and travel to other parts of the body through the lymph
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• • Tooth decay and gum disease
• The goals of dental hygiene during cancer therapy are managing the occurring oral problem and preventing complications
• · Monitor the patient’s personal daily oral care including biofilm removal at least twice daily.
• · Ask the patient about his or her blood levels (red, white, and platelet). When cells divide and mature, and live out their life span, the circulating supply is depleted by chemotherapy and the blood counts decline to a low point, the nadir.
• “If the platelet count is 40,000–75,000 mm/mm3, a platelet transfusion is recommended prior to dental treatment. If the neutrophil count is 1,000–2,000 mm/mm3, antibiotic coverage is recommended” (Valéra, Noirrit-Esclassan, Pasquet, & Vaysse, 2015)
• · Evaluation the need for antibiotic prophylaxis
• · Manage OM by frequent checks
• · Manage acute infection from the cytopenic (reduction in the number of blood cells ) stages of cancer chemotherapy
• · Treat severe dental infection with appropriate antibiotics and pain medications until blood counts allow for appropriate dental
(p133-134, text). * Define metastasis. * Development of a secondary tumor in a location distant from the primary tumor. * Accomplished via lymphatic channels and circulation. * Trace the pathways for the hematologic and lymphatic spread of metastatic cancer cells. Evidence of disseminate disease presence in lymph that drain the tumor area, tumor cells lodge first in the initial lymph node that receives drainage from the tumor site, once in this lymph node cells may die b/c of the lack of a proper environment, remain dormant for unknown reasons, or grow in a discernible mass, If they survive and grow cancer cells, may spread from more distant lymph nodes to the thoracic duct, and the gain access to the blood vasculature, cancer cells may gain access to the blood vasculature from the initial node and more distant lymph nodes by way of tumor-associated blood vessels that may infiltrate the tumor mass. Sentinel
Good oral health is important for a person's sense of well being and quality of life (Fiske, 2001). Inadequate oral hygiene can lead to pain, tooth loss, oral disease,
Overall the patient had excellent homecare and was a Calculus Level One. There weren’t any risk factors discussed with this patient, but her concern about the throbbing in her upper jaw was addressed. Her general goal of the appointment was to keep her plaque score the same or lower since she was at 14%. She was a Periodontal Case Type Two based on the bleeding from probing, bone loss, and previous radiographs. The patient said she has been flossing more and is really trying to maintain her plaque score.
In order to evaluate if mouth care and its frequency are Gold Standard interventions to prevent VAP
It is called malignant because not only can it invade into adjacent organs but unfortunately a cancer can spread to other tissues and that can be life threatening. Cancer can actually occur anywhere in the body because there are cells everywhere in the body. In women, one of the most common cancers of course is breast cancer, in men prostate cancer and in men and women, lung cancer and colon cancer are common cancers. It is important to understand that the cancer that occurs in one individual is very different from the cancer that occurs in another. Everyone is different; a lung tumor in one person will be different from a lung tumor in another person. Once a diagnosis of cancer is made, the next obvious question is what do you do? There are several things that are really relevant, for example, the stage of the cancer which is information about where is the cancer? You say it’s a particular kind of cancer? How much cancer is present? Has is spread? Is it in lymph nodes? Has it spread to other organs of the body? Cancer affects everyone in one way or another. Whether it is a family member, loved one or ourselves, cancer has touched our lives.
Cancer, medically called ‘tumorigenesis’ (Thaker, Lutgendorf, & Sood, 2007, p.430) occurs when cells in the body orient themselves for malignant growth. Such cells show ‘self-sufficiency in growth signals’, are ‘insensitive to anti-growth signals’ and have ‘limitless replicative potential’ (Thaker, Lutgendorf, & Sood, 2007, p.430). Once a particular set of cells become malignant, the malignancy can spread to other set of cells in different organs due to ‘crosstalk’ between the affected cells and their surrounding ‘tissues’ and ‘micro-environments’(Thaker, Lutgendorf, & Sood, 2007, p.430).
The WBC and platelets are high because the Pt.’s body is trying to fight an infection.
The patient was keen to get her oral hygiene up to a good standard and prevent any
It is important for every dentist and dental hygienist to be knowledgeable of the prevention, diagnosis and management of a medical emergency in a dental office. Being well prepared for any occurrence can make a difference in the outcome for the patient. It is essential to know what tools are available, how to use them and what the warning signs are. Some emergencies are very common in a dental setting considering the stress it can cause, anxiety and lengthy appointments. Communication with your patient is key to a smooth appointment. Many hints can come from simply doing an overall appraisal and talking with your patient. Being aware of patient’s fears and medical history can positively impact the outcome of the appointment and help you be prepared for any medical emergency.
Oral cancer is a devastating disease. Over eight thousand American lives are taken by oral cancer and only a fourth of these patients do not excessively drink alcohol or smoke tobacco, which are the two main causes of oral cancer (The Oral Cancer Foundation). Survival rates for oral cancer could be much higher if the population would take precautionary measures to reduce their chances of being diagnosed with oral cancer. When the use of alcohol and tobacco are decreased, the chances of acquiring oral cancer are also decreased. By visiting the dentist at least once every year, new lesions could be found. Unfortunately, only seven percent of the population, who visits the dentist regularly, receives a thorough oral cancer exam(The Oral
You have 2 parotid glands. One is on each side of your face, in front of your ears. Parotid glands make spit (saliva). Sometimes, the parotid glands develop infections or growths (tumors) which can block the flow of saliva from the gland. This can cause swelling. Sometimes, tumors can get in the way of the facial nerve that passes through the parotid gland. In some of these cases, parotidectomy is necessary. Parotidectomy is surgery to remove all or part of a parotid gland.
This ability of malign cancer to make their way across basement membrane and into blood vessels is what makes cancer so fatal and impossible to be cure by surgery alone. The result of metastasis and invasion in normal tissue by cancer cells are often seen as one of the distinctive features of malignancy (Ruoslahti 1996). Even though the ability of invasion and metastasis are one of the hallmarks for cancer, these abilities are not unique to cancer cells as it can also occur during the early development stage of the embryo, in healthy organisms and in many noncancerous diseases (Mareel & Leroy 2003). It does not matter whenever the organism has developed benign or malign cancer, all cancer cells have the ability to disturb the normal cell cycle and threaten the survival of the organism.
One thing I learned in researching cancer is that in order for cancer to appear in our body it has to avoid being detected by our immune system. The cancer cells have to avoid being detected by the immune system because if they are detected the immune system will try and fight off the abnormality. If your immune system does not detect the abnormality in cells, the cancer cells will grow and reproduce causing cancer to spread rapidly. The cancer cells that are not detected they can create colonies and spread rapidly.
Salivary gland tumors are a morphologically diverse group of neoplasms, which may present considerable diagnostic and management challenges for the pathologist and surgeon. Salivary gland tumors are rare with an overall incidence in the western world of about 2.5 to 3.0 per 100,000 per year. About 80% of all lesions are benign; hence salivary malignancies are particularly rare, comprising less than 0.5% of all malignancies and about 5% of cancers in the head and neck. (1)
Cancer is a kids of diseases which is the cells divided abnormal and uncountable. That cells can invade to other tissues of human’s body through blood and lymph systems.( MediLexicon International) Cancer is the general term of that disease, actually is not just one disease. There are more than a hundred different types of cancer. Those kids of diseases are most orinage by the organ.