Sampling And Non Random Sampling

The researchers used purposive sample but did not give any explanation as to why this choice sampling was made. It is essential to describe the sampling process in a research where this facilitates the reader to distinguish any bias in the whole sampling process. In studies using participants, the process of how to select, access, inform and retain research participants requires considerable thought. Sampling is a key issue, because it is

This case portrays a study conducted by students in which many ethical issues arise, including the treatment of research participants and the supervision of student research assistants by faculty. By examining the way in which the study was conducted, I was able to explore the basic principles of good experimental design.

9. Of the families that volunteered to participate, a random sample was drawn. Is this an ideal procedure for obtaining participants? Explain. (See lines 134-137).

This can be achieved through anonymous questionnaire, or coding of answers to protect privacy. (Cozby & Bates, 2012). Not only is this board put in place for the protection of people, but also for animals. Another major ethical portion of research is to understand fraud and plagiarism. Some may falsify their findings to indicate a result completely different from their research which is fraud. One thing to consider that may be beneficial is peer review, which can help prevent fraud. The findings should be replicated by others to ensure the results are valid. As long as credit is given when using someone else’s research, it is not considered fraud or plagiarism.

In this case study, there were a few incidents of violations of ethics. In 1998, Callahan recommends that researchers should follow the three ethical issues: Autonomy, beneficence, and human justice. Autonomy is the first ethical principle that a researcher should respect the participate and make sure that informed consent has been given. The participates of this study was not aware the risk or what the study was about and actually could not give consent legally because they were minors. Johnson and Tudor did not give full disclosure of this research to the minors, teachers, or matrons at the orphanage. Beneficence is the second ethical principle; the researcher should maximize

This book really leads me to consider some important and essential issues in scientific research. In my point of view, the first theme of the book is the morality and ethical issue. As we all know, under the today’s regulation and laws, the right

A hospital marketing director has several research projects to undertake this quarter. He must try to determine the appropriate sampling methodology in light of each problem. Describe the methodology that should be used in each of the following and explain why:

A review of the proposed participants of the study will ensure high-risk groups (if any) will be considered as per the National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research (‘National Statement’; NHMRC, 2007). While some of these high-risk

The Belmont Report identified three principles essential to the ethical conduct of research with humans:

In this essay, I will appraise the sampling methods used in the following two case studies:

3. The following table gives the number of children under the age of five in 50 households.

Ethics are a big part of research, in order for research to be conducted and the findings be used then they must follow ethics set by the Ethics committee. Ethics are a set of rules and rights. The rules must be followed by the researchers and the rights are for the participants. All participants must fully consent to the research and if they are too young then a guardian must consent for them. The participants’ information must be kept confidential and they can opt out of any parts of the research that they are uncomfortable completing.

Our country was founded on certain moral principles. The moral principles which guide our lives are referred to as ethics. These ethics have an impact on how we interact with the world around us and shape our personalities; this happens even if we do not realize their immediate impact. It is for this very reason that ethics in psychological research became necessary. “One may also define ethics as a method, procedure, or perspective for deciding how to act and for analyzing complex problems and issues” (Resnik, 2011). We are expected to behave or be treated a particular way in society, therefore we should be granted certain ethical treatments in regards to research.

A normal distribution can be regarded as the most important continuous probability distribution in statistics since it can be utilized to model several sets of measurements in business, industry, and nature. For instance, normal distributions can be used to measure the systolic blood pressure of humans, housing costs, and the lifetime of television sets through random variables. Generally, normal distributions can have any mean and positive standard deviation as the two parameters totally determine the shape of the normal curve during evaluation. In this case, the mean determines the location of the symmetry line while the standard deviation defines how much the data are spread out ("Normal Probability Distributions", n.d.).

The utilization of animals in the field of both scientific and medical research has prompted several arguments and debates in the course of recent years throughout the world. Using animals for research has been a typical angle as few out of every odd research can be attempted on people because of ‘moral’ and ‘ethical’ purposes. The fact that only human beings have rights claims that animals ought to have rights as well. Another contention guarantees that people are the main ones who can act ethically and hence cannot be inquired about or tested upon. With this arises the question of whether it is ‘justified for us to do things to animals that we would consider unethical if we did