Sarcoidosis Is A Rare Multi-Organ Granulomatous Inflammatory

Because of the uncertainties and evolving nature of infectious diseases, outbreaks can cause substantial fear in communities and in the general public. Such is the case with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003. It was the first serious infectious disease of the twenty first century and questions about its origin and treatment greatly outnumbered the answers.

It is important to understand the references to history that the author uses, in order to properly read and understand this articles intentions. First the author references the anthrax attack carried out by terrorists in 2001. These attacks consisted of letters with anthrax spores inside of them, which were then mailed different news offices and the offices of two U.S. Senators. The attacks killed five people and infected nearly 20 others. Guinan 's

Terrorist have released a chemical warfare weapon called Sarin in the city of Columbia South Carolina. This toxin is colorless, odorless, and can appear in many forms. Due to its forms ability to be manipulated it is hard to detect. Sarin has the potential to cause mass destruction as it attacks the nerves system of the residents within the city. In order for me to assess the city of Columbia in destroying this toxin I must know if this is a public health problem. First, I will need to know is the well being of a large population at risk? Secondly, are the terrorist attacking from a location outside of the United States? Lastly, who will be funding the process required to eliminate and control the problem? If the terrorist attack on the city of Columbia fits into any of the three categories I will be qualified to assess the residents.

One of the critical failures in the case of the SARS outbreak in Toronto was the fact that very few knew how to effectively respond to the outbreak as this was a new communicable disease. This is evident as in the begin of the epidemic, many of those who had indeed been exposed to and were subsequent carriers of the disease had been moved from one location to another, thus endangering many more unnecessarily. There was however some improvisation as directives would be sent out outlining steps which should be taken in an effort to reduce the possibility of more people becoming infected such as the use of N95 masks (Howitt, Leonard, 2106) which were more suited at filtering out smaller particles as it was believed, due to the nature in which

“80% of individuals who suffer [SCD] have coronary heart disease (Zipes and Wellens 2334).” CHD occurs when plaque builds up in the coronary arteries, which provide oxygen-rich blood to the person’s heart. The plaque narrows these arteries, causing reduced blood flow to his or her heart muscle. After a while this area of plaque can rupture, and this could potentially cause a blood clot to begin forming on the surface of the plaque. This blood clot is what ultimately causes a heart attack. Some muscle cells die during a heart attack and are replaced with scar tissue, which damages the heart’s electrical system. Electrical signals might spread abnormally throughout the heart, resulting in SCA in the future. Additionally, countless people are not aware that they have CHD until SCA occurs (“What Causes Sudden Cardiac

This effect has been most extensively studied following the 9/11 attacks. Although no air-sampling monitors were operating close to the WTC on the day of this attack, analysis of fallen dust samples was performed 5 and 6 days afterward. This demonstrated contamination (1% to 4% by weight) with particles small enough to be respirable in rescue workers without protective masks. Early symptoms reported included eye, skin, respiratory, and nose and throat complaints

Imagine living in the United Southwest in an arid climate. You drive through a field kicking up dust in a long cloud, a cloud that contains microscopic spores ready to be inhaled. Once inhaled, these spores can cause night sweats, weakness, labored or difficult breathing, and in extreme cases chronic lung problems such as pneumonia. Coccidioidomycosis, sometimes referred to as Valley Fever, is a respiratory disease that affects the respiratory system while having the ability to disseminate to other parts of the body. 60% of the population affected by this fungal parasitic infection does not receive any ill effects after inhaling and hosting the spores.1 This paper will inform you about Coccidioidomycosis and its causes, signs and symptoms,

Shortness of breath can impact some of your other senses. Another sign of Sarcoidosis is missing heartbeats, or experiencing abnormal heartbeats, called arrhythmias. These will occur when cardiac Sarcoidosis is present because the cluster cell mass forms can surround the heart itself, causing, even more, inflammation and the result is the heart not working to capacity, functioning normally and not beating regularly. Weight loss can be caused by some conditions, especially if the weight loss happens over a short period without you actively trying to lose weight. Finally, the liver is the body’s largest organ, but this does not mean it is exempt from forming disease and infection. Sarcoidosis around the liver can show symptoms in the form of

In the preantibiotic era, syphilitic thoracic aortic aneurysms, fibrosing mediastinitis, and other complications of untreated infection were frequent causes of the SVC syndrome. In the postantibiotic era, malignancy became the most common cause, accounting for 90 percent of cases. More recently, the incidence of SVC syndrome due to

Pericarditis is an inflammatory disease that occurs around the heart. A major cause of this inflammation is infection such as viruses, bacteria, anaerobes, and fungi. Other causes include myocardial infarction, trauma, medications, and autoimmune disorders.1,2 This disease occurs at primarily in twenty to fifty-year old males.3 Patients with immunocompromised diseases and AIDS are at higher risk for acute pericarditis.1 About 15 to 30 percent of patients with an initial attack of acute pericarditis will develop recurrent pericarditis.3,4 Without appropriate treatment, this disease can lead to death.1

Sarcoidosis is a multi-system disease of unknown etiology. The diagnosis is confirmed when non-caseating granulomas are identified in tissue biopsies, predominantly from the lung parenchyma or the mediastinal lymph nodes and is supported by compatible clinical and radiological features. [1] Cardiac manifestations may occur in isolation or may precede, follow or occur concurrently with the involvement of the lungs and other organs. All components of the heart may potentially be involved. The most common are conduction abnormalities leading to bradyarrhythmias and syncope, ventricular tachycardias and the development of congestive heart failure. [2, 3]

This paper will explore the research of sarcoidosis and several journal articles that I found to gain research from. In those articles I learned about what sarcoidosis is and how the economy will benefit from sarcoidosis. There are several articles, however, that vary in their definitions and different diagnosis and advances dealing with Sarcoidosis. Often times people mistake eczema or other serious health related issues for sarcoidosis. I chose to research sarcoidosis because my grandfather was diagnosed with sarcoidosis in 1999 and ultimately passed away in 2011. Sarcoidosis wasn’t the only health related issue that caused his death. Sarcoidosis was the primary factor as to why he ended up passing away but with him having sarcoidosis for so long it caused him to have other major health related issues as well. After having sarcoidosis for about eight years he developed irregular heart beat, prostate cancer, and bruising on his liver. He battled all of these health conditions until his passing in 2011. With him having irregular heart beat, he was always tired and his sleep patterns were always off. I remember the last five years of my grandfather’s life. He was on oxygen twenty-four hours a day and even

Myocarditis, a disease attacking the lymphatic system, is inflammation of the heart muscle. It affects the heart’s muscles and lowers the heart’s ability to pump, which causes arrhythmias. The lymphatic, or immune, system does two main things; transport lymph throughout networks of vessels called lymphatic vessels, and fight off viruses that can harm the body. The body is filled with lymph nodes, which filter the lymph. They are near the heart, the lungs, and even closer to the skin (ie armpit). The lymph nodes are scattered almost everywhere between the head and the knees. Myocarditis is usually found in late adulthood, but can sometimes occur in children. The cause of this disease isn't always known. However, there are multiple potential causes.

Myocarditis is the term used when inflammation is present in the middle layer of the heart wall. The most common cause is a viral infection related to an upper respiratory infection. It can also be the result of exposure to environmental toxins, autoimmune disorders, and harmful reactions to medications. Although the chances are relatively low (about ten to fifteen percent), myocarditis has been known to be a recurrent condition, and there is no way to prevent this from happening.

Heat waves like the one that hit Chicago in 1995, killing some 750 people and hospitalizing thousands, have become more common. Hot, humid nights, which have become more frequent with global warming, magnify the effects. The 2003 European heat wave — involving temperatures that were 18°F (10°C) above the 30-year average, with no relief at night — killed 21,000 to 35,000 people in five countries. But even more subtle, gradual climatic changes can damage human health. During the past two decades, the prevalence of asthma in the United States has quadrupled, in part because of climate-related factors. For Caribbean islanders, respiratory irritants come in dust clouds that emanate from Africa's expanding deserts and are then swept across the Atlantic by trade winds accelerated by the widening pressure gradients over warming oceans. Increased levels of plant pollen and soil fungi may also be involved. When ragweed is grown in conditions with twice the ambient level of carbon dioxide, the stalks sprout 10 percent taller than controls but produce 60 percent more pollen. Elevated carbon dioxide levels also promote the growth and sporulation of some soil fungi, and diesel particles help to deliver these aeroallergens deep into our alveoli and present them to immune cells along the