Scan, Modify, 3D Print: Revolutionizing the AFO

and stability allowing the knee joint to slightly rotate the body before and while releasing the ball and lastly the tarsals,metatarsal and phalanges (comprise the bones of the foot to allow

As 3D printing transitions from commercial manufacturing use to personal private use individuals will have the ability to print any design. Products can range from a pair of shoes to complicated engineering designs, life-saving devices, prosthetic limbs and weapons that pass airport security. In the future we will likely see printable medications and

The left metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal (great and lesser toes) joints are held at slight flexion pressed against the ground by a concentric contraction of the flexor halluces longus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum longus. The left talocrural (ankle) is plantar flexed using a concentric contraction of the gastrocnemius and the soleus. The right talocrural (ankle) is plantar flexed by a concentric contraction of the tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius. The left tibiofermoral (knee) joints are being extended by a concentric contraction of the quadriceps muscles (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius). The right metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal (great and lesser toes) are being held plantar flexed due to an isometric contraction of the flexor halluces longus, flexor digtorum longus. The right tibiofermoral (knee) joints are flexed at a 90-degree angle by a concentric contraction of the biceps femoris, semitendinous, semimembranosus. During this phase the left acetabular fermoral (hip) joint is flexed due to an eccentric contraction of the rectus femoris, pectineus, iliacus, and psoas. The right acetabular fermoral (hip) joint is at slight extension due to a concentric contraction of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and the gluteus

An ankle brace will help to control swelling and adds stability while you are healing your foot.

The ankle joint is synovial joint located in the lower limb, its formed by bones of the leg and foot. The bones are tibia, fibula and talus, its a hinge joint. The ankle is made up of

This is the common type of unstable ankle injury (fracture ankle with syndesmotic disruption) about 60%. It involves injury first to the lateral structure starting with the anterior tibiofibular ligament, the remainder of the syndesmosis, fibula, posterior malleolus, and finally the medial bone structure or deltoid ligament. Another common mechanism is the pronation external rotation injury, about 15%. In which the pronated foot is subjected to external rotation forces, the mechanics of injury are forces that start on the medial side, causing a deltoid avulsion or medial malleolar fracture and then proceed to the anterior tibiofibular ligament and syndesmosis, the fibula, and finally the posterior malleolar area. The pattern of fibular fracture is distinctive in the supination injuries usually a long spiral with some comminution. In the pronation injury the fibula has a short oblique fracture above the

In this essay the author will take a brief look at the structure of the foot and then describe the muscles involved in dorsiflexion of the foot and the changes that occur in the lower limb.

Lateral ankle ligament frequently go into inversion or hypersupination as the ankle undergoes abnormal plantar flexion, inversion, and internal rotation in the weight-bearing position. Hypersupination causes damage to lateral ligaments of ankle which further leads to development of lateral ankle

Active Range of Motion of the ankle and foot complex includes dorsi flexion and plantar flexion at the talocrural joint as well as inversion and eversion at the talocalcaneal joint. It can also include assessment of toe extension, flexion, abduction and adduction. When assessing the ankle joint for inversion it includes the combine motions of plantar flexion, supination and adduction. Eversion includes the combine motions of dorsi flexion, pronation and abduction.

The ankle joint is the most commonly injured part of the lower leg. It happens from an unusual twisting action

“Although 3-D printers are not yet a standard part of home-computing equipment, the latest generation of devices, such as Cube® by 3D Systems, the Cubex™ or Makerbot’s Replicator™2X - which retail for between one and three thousand US dollars - are bringing the possibility of home manufacturing one step closer to reality” (Jewell). Now the biggest difference between traditional manufacturing and 3D printing will be the emergence of mass customization. Goods will be, “infinitely more customized, because altering them won’t require retooling, only tweaking the instructions in the software. Creativity in meeting individuals’ needs will come to the fore, just as quality control did in the age of rolling out sameness” (D'Aveni). When you have a product that is printed out individually from software with your own customization, then there would be no reason in buying a product that will look like something another person can own because of its ordinary accessibility. Creating physical 3D models in a fast, easy and affordable way has great potential, especially when you can do it in the comfort of your home.

Interestingly, lower limb orthotic gadgets are intended to help, supplement, or increase the capacity of a current more level limb. The main picture beneath portrays a lingering appendage succeeding removal. The second picture is an illustration of above-knee prosthesis.

There are over 11.4 million amputees worldwide in need of prosthetic limbs. Traditional methods of producing prosthetics limit availability due to cost and durability. While the technology is still very new and not well developed, 3D-printing is the future of prosthetic limbs. 3D-printed prosthetic limbs may be printed with different materials, and provide quick production with a lower cost, which can increase the availability of prosthetic limbs to more amputees.

• Gross anatomy of the ankle joint also known as the Talocrural joint, the ankle is a hinge joint meaning it has many ranges of movement allowing people to produce a variety of motor skills within sport. The movement available at the ankle includes dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, Inversion, Eversion, Pronation, Supination. Another joint at the ankle is the subtalar joint, this is located at the meeting point of the talus and calcaneus and the purpose of this joint is to enable you to twist your body while your foot remains planted on the ground and provides shock absorbers as your feet hit the ground. • Anatomical Systems in football: An Essay for strength and conditioning coaches.

3D printing is a technology that was invented in the early 1980s by a man named Charles Hull (Ventola, 2014). Since its creation, 3D printing has branched into many different aspects of the world and is being utilized in fields like the automotive industry, medicine and is even being used for everyday purposes. Later on, Charles Hull founded a company called 3D Systems which developed the first ever 3D printer. In 1988, Hull and his company 3D Systems, put forth the first commercially available 3D printer. From this point on, 3D printing would be advanced and evolved to the point where it would have the opportunity to create a revolutionary impact on the world we