Scandium

4. ^ "Deep-Sea Prospectors Seek Radium from the Ocean Floor." Popular Science, May 1939, pp. 51-54.]

When Henri Becquerel discovered radioactivity in 1896, it inspired Marie and Pierre to investigate it further. They researched a lot of substances for any signs of radioactivity, and discovered something that was more radioactive than uranium. They discovered radium, an element that damaged tissue, so they used that to fight against cancer. “They found that the mineral pitchblende was more radioactive than uranium and concluded that it must contain other radioactive substances. From it they managed to extract two previously unknown elements, polonium and radium, both more radioactive than uranium” (Nobel Media). These discoveries led to radium being used to treat cancer and other diseases, and them getting their first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903. After Pierre passed away, she continued with her own studies. Marie successfully isolated radium and proved its existence. She also studied the properties and compounds of these radioactive elements. “She also documented the properties of the radioactive elements and their compounds. Radioactive compounds became important as sources of radiation in both scientific experiments and in the field of medicine, where they are used to treat tumors” (Nobel Media). This discovery led to the further development of X-rays and her receiving her second Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911. Marie Curie was the first woman ever to win two Nobel Prizes in two fields and in multiple sciences, two incredible

The pioneering work of Becquerel in 1896 (the discovery of uranium), and the Curies (who subsequently discovered radium and polonium and the energy and heat given off by these new elements which they called radioactivity) led to the remarkable work of Ernest Rutherford. He was a physicist, whose experiments showed that some heavier elements spontaneously changed or decayed into lighter elements (unstable 'parent' elements giving off protons and neutrons to form a 'daughter' element) through the process of radioactivity. He discovered that radioactive materials decay at a very predictable rate, and that lead was the final decay product of uranium. Using Rutherford's ideas, Bertram Boltwood pioneered a method of radiometric dating in 1907. He hypothesized that since he knew how long it takes uranium to break down, he could measure the proportions of lead in uranium ores, and use his calculations to date how long those ores had existed,

The story of radium girls has to begin with the discovery of radium in 1898 by

n the year of 1879,Swedish chemist Lars Fredrik Nilson discovered an element called Scandium.Scandium was found in Uppsala,Sweden.Nilson was studying the rare earth metals and tried to divide the element ytterbium with using euxenite and gadolinite.A part of his method needed the preparation materials which reacted to form erbium nitrate.Nilson added heat to the nitrate and found that his sample had small quantities of a element no one has ever heard of with a low atomic weight.That unknown element soon became Scandium!Soon after his discovery,Nilson started studying the element and determined that Scandium’s atomic weight is about 44.In the year of 1937,Metallic Scandium was first prepared by Fischer and his collegaues.They performed electrolysis

One of the key differences of the two elements were how they were discovered. For example, according to the article “Tales of Technetium” by Eric Scerri, the element

The element I have received for my mini project is Nickel (Ni). Nickel is a metal element that is found on period 4, and group 10 in the periodic table. Nickel has a lot of background information behind it like it is considered to be corrosion-resistance. Nickel is known to have 28 electrons and 28 protons its atomic number is also 28. Pure nickel is rarely found on earth and the first pure nickel coin was made in 1881, It also is highly toxic to humans and causes skin allergens, and Russia is the largest producer of nickel.

1. Ancestry Discovered in approximately 3000 BC, silver is one of the oldest elements known to man. Why was it so easy for miners in Turkey and Greece to discover, one may ask? Silver is also one of the most abundant elements found on earth and was not difficult to come across when mining mountains and rocks. (Silver, 1)

Can be traced back to experiments made soon after the discovery of x-rays (1895), when it was shown that exposure to radiation produced cutaneous burns. The use of radiation continues today as a treatment for cancer in radiation therapy. Henri Becquerel discovered after multiple experiments that it was the material itself that gave off the rays. Later on Marie Curie named it radioactivity. She found out the elements which are thorium, polonium, and radium. Radiation was really helpful during World War 1. During that time, people found out that radiation materials that are high can be extremely dangerous. People can die because of radiation, because of radiation exposure. That was proven with, “Radium Girls”. In 1993, it provided a wealth of information on the long-term effect of radiation exposure. The case also provoked drastic changes in both the fields of workplace safety & liability, and the field of Health Physics, dealing with the health effects and safety issues involved in working with radioactive materials. The Manhattan Project that had a bomb involved, led to the long-term radiation exposure.

Would you believe that an actual element from the periodic table was named after the sons of the Earth goddess in Greek mythology? After William Gregor discovered Titanium in 1971 on England grounds, that is exactly what he did. In fact this element was not found alone, but in the midst of a mineral called menachanite. When William detected this unique new element he knew it was something special due to his interest in minerals. However, Titanium was not only discovered once but three times! Next a German chemist, Klaproth and then the pure elemental metal was found in 1910 by Matthew Hunter. This pure element was made when Matthew heated TiCl4 together with sodium in a steel bomb. As you can imagine this would need some extreme heat, in fact it was around 600 to 700 degrees celsius. Although this remarkable elements has no major uses, it is however the ninth most abundant in the earth’s crust. Since Titanium is not easily broken down by

It all began back in the year 1900. German Physicist Friedrich Ernst Dorn discovered radon.2 It was thanks to the works of Madame Curie and her husband, Pierre, that Dorn was able to stumble upon such a significant finding. The Curie’s, who had discovered polonium and radium, had observed that when radium is exposed to air, the surrounding air becomes radioactive. This phenomenon was further investigated by Friedrich Dorn who subsequently discovered that radium, in fact, produces a gas when it breaks apart and escapes into the atmosphere.1,3

When Pierre and Mary Curie discovered radium, they spent years after 1898 discovery studying it. They were still studying it when they shared the Nobel Prize for science in 1903. Scientist made small discoveries over a period of time. A lot of these discoveries were predicted, and then proven, with no mistakes. Scientist need to know that making mistakes will cost them so much they might have to start the discovery again. If somebody made a discovery without making mistakes that's just luck. Because there is only one time that a mistake help make a scientific discovery that's when Percy Spencer melted a bar of chocolate in his

The element I chose to research is the element Titanium. Titanium’s symbol is Ti and is located Period and Group number four. Also, Titanium is considered a metal but does not have a group name. This element is usually found in the minerals rutile, ilmenite, and sphene. It also makes up 0.57% of Earth’s crust.

Her accomplishment includes the development about the theory of the radioactivity, she discovered Polonium and radium too.

     In July of 1898, Marie and Pierre Cure discovered Polonium. They named the element after Marie's birth country, Poland. Chemically, this new element was very similar to bismuth, but it contained radioactivity, so it must be new. In December of 1898, the Curie's discovered yet another element. They named this one radium, from the Latin word for ray. The two new elements had completely different chemical properties, but they both had very strong radioactivity.