Scholar Critic

In this excerpt, von Simson looks at how the writings of intellectuals influenced the development of Gothic architecture. He begins by looking at the writings of St. Augustine and his love for music and how the importance of measurement found in music also applies to architecture. He then goes on to address two important schools of thought that influenced the formation of the Gothic style: The Platonists with their focus on cosmology, and the monks at Clairvaux, including St. Bernard, who focused on spirituality. In this section, von Simson focuses on the former and the connection between the cosmos and the Gothic cathedral. He argues that these medieval scholars saw God as an architect and the cosmos as his cathedral. In his study of both St. Augustine and the Plantonists, von Simson works to identify the ways in which these intellectual schools of thought influenced Gothic architecture.

Post-modernism was “a reaction to the assumed certainty of scientific, or objective, efforts to explain reality” (Public Broadcasting Service, n.d.). It can be suggested that reality is something that we each create and possess individually. Morimura took a work from the late 1500’s and changed it to fit his personal intentions and interpretations. It embodies post-modernist devices, such as stereotyping, the crossing of genre, and contemporary culture (Felluga, n.d.). By using these devices, Morimura transforms a work that could only seem applicable to the venerable and religious, to a work that is easily recognized and applied by the general public. He transforms the work from Bruegel’s reality to his own, in endeavour to resolve it. It is thought that appropriation is unoriginal, or possess aspects of plagiarism and negligence. However, the use of appropriation to give old works new meaning is justified in the sense that it allows the build-up and corroboration of ideas, supporting the growth and change of value systems as times and realities

My English Literature major has helped me to achieve an outstanding level of appreciation, enjoyment, and knowledge of both American and British Literature. As a high school AP English student, I struggled through great works like Hamlet and To the Lighthouse. My teacher’s daily lectures (there was no such thing as class discussion) taught me merely to interpret the works as critics had in the past. I did not enjoy the reading or writing process. As a freshman at Loras, I was enrolled in the Critical Writing: Poetry class. For the first time since grade school, my writing ability was praised and the sharing of my ideas was encouraged by an enthusiastic and nurturing professor. Despite the difficulty of poetry, I enjoyed reading it.

Northrop Frye (1912-1991) read his Massey Lectures over the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC radio) in 1962. First published by Indiana University Press in 1964, the six lectures present key concepts from Frye’s Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays (Princeton University Press, 1957).

A central principle of morality or values; “Shared ideas about what is good and desirable.” An example of value is the way by which people adjudicate facets of shared existence. The Normative characteristics encompass religion, a connotation of “a set of beliefs and practices pertaining to supernatural powers and the origins and meaning of life.” (gb) The most obvious example of religion being the self-identification with organized religion. Moving on, one must become accustomed with norms, or more simply “Shared rules and expectations about behavior.” (gb) Norms being seen in the forms of Folkways and mores, folkways being customary mannerisms and norms. Whereas, mores are norms that are elevated in importance in keeping with values of law and order. Supplementing norms are sanctioned, which society uses to achieve “A reward or punishment for conforming to or violating cultural norms.” (gb) Both “reward” and “punishment is easily palpable in the forms of upward social mobility and criminal proceedings made to include criminal punishments. Finally comes artifact, which manifests as “A physical product of a culture.” (GB) An archetype of artifact is a relic of any given culture. In summary, major characteristics of a culture create a commonality among regions, while allowing

To add on from the concrete dissimilarities of both author’s interpretations. Both pieces also have conflicting moral and this can be derived from the fact that the pieces were written in different time periods and two totally different authors. It is evident that both authors drew

Gladwell begins his novel with an analysis of our unconscious by giving an anecdote of an ancient art relic. The story explains that a young art museum has stumbled upon an ancient relic and believe the work is genuine. However, what many do not know is the art is a fake. Gladwell shares how art professors and archaeologists around the world arrived in order view the art and all believe the art is a masterpiece. Therefore, the art could never be forged. After much debate the statue seemed to be

Part of the course to which the task refers: Part 4- Literature, a critical study

Written by Jeffrey Eaton, an Open Letters editor, this source is reliable because the magazine speciality is to critique many works of art and literature. Rather than merely summarizing the main events of the memoir, Eaton actually expresses his dislike about it by providing

Art is said to transcend time when in its finest forms, always related to the times despite being written ages ago. We can find this correlation with Antigone and Martin Luther King Jr., who fought against injustice. Although separated by culture and time, their rationales share commonalities and, of course, differences that show humans in the context of their times. Sophocles’ character, Antigone, and Martin Luther King Jr. have similar arguments in their sense of duty and religious beliefs. However, Martin Luther acts against a community for a community, while Antigone challenges a person for a person, a difference in scale.

Casey, A., & Goldman, E. (2010). Enhancing the Ability to Think Strategically: A learning model. Management Learning, 41, 167–185.

collective reality that can be studied in it's own right. Various cultures develop their own cultural

In “An Introduction to Literature, Criticism and Theory” Bennett and Royle, explore topics such as subjectivity and ideology. In the Chapters “Me” and Ideology”, Bennett and Royle are able to define the terms as well as suggest how they are interrelated or interconnected. Bennett and Royle contend that literature replicates structures of ideology while encouraging subjects to question personal idenitity. They believe “subjects – people – make their own ideology at the same time as ideology makes them subjects” (Bennett and Royle 202). Stevens exemplifies Bennett and Royles contentions by building his ideologies around his profession as a bulter at the risk of losing himself to the subjection of his ideologies in which he can never be alone and cannot exist without his profession or the justications of his profession.

The question of “What is History?” is answered through philosophical questions. This led to many tangents which could confuse readers and retract from the strength of the thesis. Furthermore, the concept of history being based on facts almost seems to be refuted as the author states that facts are not always concrete. An example of this is when the Carr mentions that articles are seen as a form of fact, however, that documents only tell what the author of the document believed had happened. Such a rebuttal causes confusion on whether to trust historic “facts,” as all as they seem to be all

A famous English writer and social critic, Charles Dickens, once said “Try not to associate bodily defect with mental, my good friend, except for a solid reason.” According to the U.S Department of Housing and Urban Development, the federal laws refers to a person with a disability as "Any person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities; has a record of such impairment; or is regarded as having such an impairment."