Science In The 1800's

There were many inventions that were created in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that had a huge impact on life in the United States. Some of these inventions were the telephone, the electric light bulb, and the airplane. The telephone was created by Alexander Graham Bell, the light bulb by Thomas Edison, and the airplane by Wilbur and Orville Wright.

In the book “ The Scientific Revolution: A Very Short Introduction”, Lawrence Principe discusses the general occurring events of the scientific revolution, and overviews various in-depth details in relation to those events. People at the time highly focused on the meanings and causes of their surrounds, as their motive was to “control, improve and exploit” (Principe 2) the world. In his work, Principe has successfully supported the notion that the Scientific Revolution stood as a period in time where one's innovation would drive improvements towards change and continuity of future innovations, along with changes of tradition. His statement is strongly backed by his detailed and particular order of events throughout the book. Nevertheless, certain details that lead beyond the necessary background are found, as they do not appertain to the general line of the book, but rather for background knowledge.

The Scientific Revolution was when modern science was essentially established, which came along with the major scientific discoveries took place at the time. Some major scientists that contributed to this major era include Nicholas Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, Galileo Galilei, and Isaac Newton. The scientific revolution took place following the Renaissance, from the mid-1500’s until about 1700. This revolution took place throughout Europe. This occurred because, following the Renaissance and the reformation, people became very curious and wanted to understand how the Earth worked. It was almost as if, being that this occurred after the reformation, that they wanted to either confirm or refute the church’s claims. The significance of the scientific revolution was one of great proportions, it changed mankind’s understanding the importance of science, and of how the Earth and solar system function.

Human life has many variables, and little is constant. One thing that seems constant through time is war. Another constant is human hunger for victory and glory. There will never be a time when people and nations are in perfect agreement. In a war, which is essentially a contest, it is imperative to keep up with the other side of the conflict, forcing constant alteration. Most of the major wars throughout time, including both World Wars, have been followed by dramatic technological and economic advancement typified by the 1920s and 1950s. War, and by extension, the competitive human spirit, drive new technological developments.

The 1920s often referred to as “roaring twenties” is one of the most remarkable periods because of technological advances, and scientific discoveries. Many of the inventions made during the 20s such as Insulin, Penicillin and Traffic Signals have saved numerous lives. With the invention of Vacuum Cleaner, Washing Machine, Electric Dishwasher and Refrigerator household chores have gotten much easier. Due to the advances in technology and scientific discoveries made in the 1920s, inventors and scientists today are able to study the previous work and take the invention one step farther (Inventions in the 1920s).

List the five most important inventions of the early nineteenth century. Rank them in order of importance. Justify your ranking.

Macroevolution (the change of one species to another through natural selection over a long period of time) is currently taught exclusively in many public high schools as the leading theory for the variety of species on Earth, including human life. Everyone who has sat in a high school biology class has heard that humans have evolved over time from a single cell to more complex organisms such as apes to our current state of humans. There is much controversy on the validity of the macroevolution theory which has numerous evidentiary shortcomings. Unlike microevolution (successive changes within a species due to natural selection) which is easily proven through examining bacteria, macroevolution is a best-guess science. Because macroevolution

The Scientific Revolution was at its height during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries with many supporters and critics of the works of scientists. It was the transition from the medieval, philosophical and religious perspective to a secular and rational perspective. One of the biggest debates that defined the Scientific Revolution was the debate over whether the universe was geocentric (with the earth at the center of the universe), or heliocentric (with the earth revolving around the sun). The works of these scientists was influenced by political leaders for their desire in power, the clash of ideas between religious leaders and institutions, and differentiation towards female scientists and unorganization in research. In all, each of these three parts of society contributed to the Scientific Revolution in very important ways.

During the 1950s there wasn't many discoveries, but the little discoveries there was had a big impact in the world of science. Discoveries such as the double helix were important because they helped expand the knowledge of science in more ways than just one. In 1953 Watson and Crick discovered DNA structured that was named the double helix. It wasn't a big hit at first but after the paper published in December 19, the discovery managed to beat even the climb of Mt. Everest. Another discovery during the year 1950 was that Animal Antibiotics can help boost the growth rate of the animals if fed to them. In 1951 scientist discover that a low calorie diet can help lower the chances of developing cholesterol. In 1954 Chlorpromazine was proven that it does not only treat nausea and vomiting, but it can also be used as a sedative.

During the years of the 1800’s there were many technological, social and political developments in America. The country experienced growth through the Industrial Revolution, slavery and the women’s rights movement all in one century. The nation experienced reforms, utopian societies and compromises all in pursuit of a “perfect” America. All of the inventions, movements and amendments of the 1800’s helped shape America’s industry, government and society, overall shaping the United States.

Natural selection, together with the rules of inheritance discovered by Gregor Mendel, stand at the basis of modern evolutionary biology.

During the 1600’s there was an outstanding advancement, the Scientific Revolution. Everyone had open up to the idea of science and was going away from the church. Scientist were finding out that what they had thought before was wrong, by proving that it could not be possible. People were trying to better understand the universe and how it worked. Some scientist were more curious than others, which lead to make discovery and advancement of further progress science. Johannes Kepler discovered motion of the planets, changed the way people consider about the universe.

1. Describe some of the events and scientific discoveries that shook the late nineteenth century’s confidence in the idea of progress. What effect did these events have on music, literature, and the arts?

The first event that occured in set one was The Scientific Revolution. In the 1500’s changes took place in science that directed towards a new way of looking at the universe versus only looking at it from a religious standpoint. European scholars made new advances in chemistry, medicine, physics, etc. These new teachings about the physical world led to the beginning of the Scientific Revolution. Scientists looked for natural laws in the universe, which led to the Enlightenment philosophers looking for natural laws that governed society and politics. After the Scientific Revolution, an era known as The Enlightenment occurred in the 1700’s. In the Enlightenment, philosophers developed new ideas about basic human rights and the way government

The “long” 19th century lasted around 125 years, and throughout this time period many things changed for the good and for the bad. However, each state and country faced different things that would affect their government and lifestyles for quite a while. Some of these could be considered a gain for the common citizens but they could also result in a loss for others. People had a tendency to overlook all the good and focus on the bad, which caused them to be oblivious to all the good progressions. Every aspect of life during this time period was changed. During the long 19th century, people began to think there was a cessation in every aspect of national growth; however, there was major progress in science, technology, and even changes in the governmental structure.