Science Investigatory Project

All figures are for the year ended 31 December unless otherwise stated. Purified water is water that has been produced by distillation, deionization, reverse osmosis or other suitable processes.

Water Pollution: Clean drinking water is becoming a rare commodity. Water is becoming an economic and political issue as the human population fights for this resource. One of the options suggested is using the process of desalinization. Industrial development is filling our rivers seas and oceans with toxic pollutants which are a major threat to human health.

(Transition: To better understand the solutions to this issue, let us discuss exactly what drinking unclean water looks like and what it can do.)

According to the website, All About Water, “compared to reverse osmosis and distillation, filtration is an inexpensive way to remove chlorine, chlorine byproducts, and VOCs from drinking water.” (All about Water, 2014).

The basis of this experiment was to test how different contaminates effect ground water when absorbed. The results were surprising as that I felt any additives would immediately change the entire break up and color of the water. What was most surprising to me was that filtering vinegar through ground water it came out relatively clean. I also believed that when filtered all of the water would have large traces of dirt, but that was not the case with the vinegar. This means that there are still viable ways to filter and purify water.

According to article, “In a high-quality program, there is a focus on developing healthy and strong human relationships (p. 40). The program takes place in Condor Elementary School. They used the cafeteria to give them a snack, and make Woven Baskets for children in Protective Services. They had plenty of space to do their project, there were many tables and benches for them to openly do their work, as well as move around. They had a 12-child/2-teacher ratio, which facilitates the supervision of the children. They provided all the material (had plenty of them). They also had board games, plenty of art supplies, and books. In addition, they were provided with outdoor physical activities.

Science is such a unique and highly captivating subject that so many young students find interesting and yet it is also a subject that the vast majority of students get discouraged by as well as lose interest in as they get older. There are so many different areas of science it is easy to be overwhelmed and get discouraged if you easily do not understand something. For this reason, I had decided I need to research a Citizens Science Project that I could bring not only bring into my future classroom but share with my students and their families as well.

The first method, distillation, is the process of heating water to its boiling point, collecting the steam, and condensing the purified water vapor. The process is usually repeated a few times to ensure success in purification (Ocean Water Desalination). Distillation uses the property of higher boiling points in salts than in pure water. Possible contaminants that require removal for safe water consumption could include bacteria, lead, mercury, sodium, and chlorine. After boiling the water, water vapor moves through a series of tubes to a separate container where the heat source is removed, and the water is able to condense, now purified. Some strengths of distillation include the removal of heavy metals such as arsenic, lead and mercury, the removal of hardening agents such as calcium and phosphorus, and the removal of bacteria from water by heating. This elimination of bacteria is especially helpful in developing countries due to the increased risk of contamination because of unsanitary conditions. In this process, consideration needs to be given for adequate resources and infrastructure to deliver purified water to the general population of underdeveloped areas. A few disadvantages exist in that distillation does not remove chlorine and is relatively ineffective as the input is about five times the output (Water Treatment Alternatives -

One sure way of knowing that the water we drink is clean is by using water dispensers. These dispensers provide clean and clear drinking water, hot or cold. We see a lot of these in offices and schools for people to enjoy. Using water purifiers

Air pollution is a big problem in our world today because it affects our lives on earth as well as animals and plants. Breathing polluted air can make you very sick it can cause your eyes and nose to burn. It can irritate your throat and even make your breathing difficult. Air pollution is a big environmental problem because it is affecting our crops, trees, wildlife, and lakes/oceans. Pollution is harming fish and other aquatic life in those bodies of water.

I think that the homemade lipstick is going to be better than the store bought lipstick because you know what you’re putting into your lipstick and there is no added chemicals that can be harmful to you.

Water is a natural renewable resource on earth that not many people have access to. Many people that do have access to water do not have access to clean water. Water purification can be expensive in the United States and many countries cannot afford to use that process. It is important to find new inexpensive ways to purify water to help people in those countries get cleaner water, which in turn improves health.

All around the world, countries are fighting to keep their drinking water clean. Whether it’s streams, rivers, or lakes, countries have taken great measures to maintain high quality drinking water for both human consumption and animal consumption. Countries must first understand the sources of the polltion, then determine the best methods to eliminate the pollution. Clean drinking water is a valuable resource and a the key to human survival. Plants and animals also depend on water for their growth, so all water must be kept clean. The major contributors to water pollution can be classified in three categories, industrial, agricultural and municipal.

Incredible water shortage in the Middle East region has compelled countries to reuse this water for many purposes. Treated wastewater can be used in agriculture, industry, recharging aquifers (Middle East Water Shortage). This method leads to conservation of traditional sources of water which further can be used “for meeting the demand for higher-quality water such as that for drinking, or for high value-added industrial and agricultural uses.” Also the climate fickleness’ influence will lessen by means of reuse. But there are few problems connected with leading treatment into usage. One of them are health and environmental risks (Baroudy 2005, 25-35). Purified in such way water contains bacteria, viruses and parasites (Middle East Water Shortage). Use of treated water can cause different infectious and gastrointestinal diseases. According to Baroudy even contact with this water sometimes can cause allergies and other dermatological illnesses (2005, 25-35). Another problem is that this water has some biological and chemical matter dissolved in it, which can obstruct soil pores. Clogged soil has less ability for leaking which leads to bad irrigation efficiencies (Middle East Water Shortage). But, of course, some standards with the purpose to limit these effects were elaborated. Toughening standards require financial investments (Baroudy 2005, 25-35). Process of waste treatment requires special equipment and construction of special water treatment

Water is the main medium to remove waste, toxins and chemicals from our body. In other words, water cleanses our body by removing waste through