Science Project Synthesis Essay

Throughout today’s society, media contributes to almost everyone’s daily life. From informative news channels to comical television shows, media proves to be effective in advertisement, releasing messages and informing the audience. Although media proves to be wildly effective in advertising, releasing messages and informing the audience, periodically destructive and misleading messages are provided to the audience and directly influencing women. Cultural critics widely agree that media tends to negatively influence women and all the critics point to research which supports the belief that women are portrayed as subordinate to men, having no

After 2 weeks all par-ticipants had a follow up questionnaire. Out of the study 12% were men and 88% were women ranging from 18 years to 65 years. Participant’s sunscreen use was measured by asking them if they applied sunscreen with an SPF of 15+ when they were outside in the sun, and responses from the questionnaire ranged from strongly disagree to strongly agree. “Only those indicating 3 and 4 were actors, all others were labeled intenders.”(Craciun,2012). The individuals who in-tended to use sunscreen was during the first and second questionnaire if they physically intended to use sunscreen with an SPF of 15+ when they were in the sun for more than 15 minutes, with responses ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. “Those checking 3 or 4 were labeled intenders, whereas those checking 1 or 2 were labeled pre-intenders “(Craciun, 2012). In order to assess stages, a sunscreen use staging algorithm was used during the first questionnaire to classify participants based on their behavioral intentions along with their present sunscreen use. Indi-viduals with low intentions s and low sunscreen use were classified as pre-intenders; those

Have you ever wondered what the most effective sunscreen is, and if you should be careful for which sunscreen you buy? Does the SPF effect what type of sunscreen you buy? What is prolonged exposure, will it affect your skin? What is the difference between UVA and UVB rays, will one effect you more than the other? You will find out soon. The most effective sunscreen is based on SPF. If different sunscreen is used, then it can be measured by how the beads change. The hypothesis is that 50 SPF will be most effective. The SPF 50 will protect the beads. This project is important because it can change the sunscreen you buy so it will give you less of a chance of getting cataracts and skin cancer. Other people might want to know how they can prevent skin cancer and cataracts.

Skin cancer is a very real and common health problem for Australians, with 2 in 3 developing this deadly disease by the age of 70 (Lynch, 2006). “Due to the Australian climate and lifestyle, as well as a predominantly fair skinned population, skin cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in Australia,” (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2000). For the most effective prevention against skin cancer, it is recommended that a combination of sun safety measures are met; slip, slop, slap, seek, slide (Slip on sun protective clothing, slop on water resistant SPF30+ sunscreen, slap on a hat, seek shade, slide on sunglasses), (Preventing Skin Cancer, 2017). By simply reducing recreational sun exposure, the risk of developing melanoma –

We hypothesize that the time exposed to tanning beds, increases the risk of skin cancer. This hypothesis was a way to understand the statement, tanning beds give more harmful UV radiation rays in the shortest time, then being in the sun for the same amount of time. With this we emphasize that tanning beds are bed.

“Indoor tanning under the age of 18 increases your risk of skin cancer by 75%”(Division of Cancer Prevention Ceanter). Over 10,000 people are expected to die this year from UV related causes. However, many people will disregard these facts and continue on with their harmful habits. There are many effects of artificial tanning and prolonged exposure to the sun. Many people have no idea about the risks of prolonged exposure to the sun, how dangerous artificial tanning actually is, or how radiation is not the only harmful trait of indoor tanning.

Whether swimming at the beach, picnicking at a park, or snowboarding in the mountains, our skin is continuously exposed to the sun’s ultraviolet rays as we go about our daily lives. The skin is beneficial as it protects our body from the outside elements including keeping out wind and water, dirt and dust, and all types of germs (Claybourne; 56). The topic of my experiment is to determine which SPF strength of sunscreen - SPF 30, SPF 50 or SPF 70 - is the most effective in blocking out the sun’s UV radiation. The purpose of this investigation is to observe, compare and determine whether the SPF label on sunscreen bottles are really effective in blocking out the amount of the sun’s UV rays, or if it is just a marketing gimmick to sell more products. This investigation benefits society because knowing which strength of SPF is the most effective in protecting against UV rays is useful to know when shopping for sunscreen, especially for those who spend a lot of time outdoors.

Several findings are made based on the results: UV radiation can cause cell death by inducing genetic mutation, which agree with Diepegen et al. (2012)’s finding regarding UV radiation’s destructive effect at a cellular level. Photoprotective agents can effectively prevent and reduce UV radiation induced damage to cells. Similar findings were made by Quatrano and Dinulos (2013), who indicated that sunscreen contains active ingredient that absorbs UV radiation ranging between 290-400 nm. This experiment proves that photoprotective agents with higher SPF values are more effective in absorbing UV radiation. Indicated by Green et al. (2011), they suggested that regular application of high SPF sunscreen will prevent melanoma.

Did you know that over 5.4 million people in the U.S. each year have a case of nonmelanoma skin cancer every year and there are new cases of skin cancer. People that use tanning beds are at a higher risk of skin cancer. Also for the people that use SPF 15 or higher have a twenty four percent chance of having skin aging. People that are beginners at tanning don’t know how long to expose their body to the sun and don’t know what happens to them when they sunburn from overexposure or using tanning beds. When using a tanning bed there is a higher risk of skin cancer than tanning out in the sun, but when tanning in the sun people don’t know what happens to their skin when it sunburns like premature skin aging, sun spots, and wrinkles.

In the United States, more cases of skin cancer have been diagnosed than any other type. It is estimated that about 2 million of these cases arise every year, and can be prevented significantly from utilizing sun protection.

The purpose of the experiment was to see if you can use your senses while not being able to see and also to be able to trust someone to help you. An hypothesis is can you use your other senses to help you while being blinded?

Carlowicz, Michael. New Simulation Shows Consequences of a World Without Earth’s         Natural Sunscreen. Ed. Robert Garner. NASA. 25 Mar. 2009. 8 Jan. 2017.

2. Choose the right sun cream for your skin tone, medical history, and type of outdoor activity. This means that you’ll want a sun cream made with minerals and not chemicals to effectively shield your face, nose, ears, lips, scalp, and neck against sunburn from the sun’s UVB rays. There are three types of UV rays: UVA Rays contribute to sun spots, premature aging of the skin, and facial wrinkles; UVB Rays contribute to sunburns and cataracts, and are linked to a number of skin cancers; and UVC Rays are the strongest and most deadly of the sun’s rays, but the ozone layer prevents them from reaching the earth.

The opinion piece ‘It’s cheaper to send kids to school with healthy food than junk’ by Wendy Tuohy published in the Herald Sun (25/07/2016). Raises the issue of excessive junk food in schools. This article aims to raise awareness to the general public but more specifically parents. Tuohy uses a sarcastic tone throughout but is also takes on a concerned tone.

With summer coming in a few months, we will all doubtlessly be getting more sun. But while relaxing in the warmth of the pool, you wouldn’t want to worry about sunburn. When people put on sunscreen and get in the water, most of the time it will come off, which results sunburns. This is why the purpose of this project is to find out which brands can maintain their SPF the most in water. If multiple brands of water-resistant sunscreen are tested to see which maintains their SPF the most in water, then Coppertone will have the best results, because it has performed well in multiple tests, including a report done by Consumer Reports where it did best out of the sunscreens that will be tested. An independent variable is what is varied during the experiment: it is what the investigator thinks will affect the dependent variable. Therefore, the independent variables are the types of water-resistant sunscreen including Neutrogena, Coppertone, Banana Boat, Hawaiian Tropic, Target Brand. A dependent variable is what will be measured: it’s what the investigator thinks will be affected during the experiment. So, the dependent variable is the amount of UV radiation that gets through the sunscreens after the submersion in water. It is measured by an ultraviolet monitor in mW/m^2. A controlled variable is the variables that are held constant. Since the investigator wants to study the effect of one particular independent variable, the possibility that other factors are affecting the outcome